Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 321.pdf

Abstract: The objective of this work is to describe the distribution of different types of participating organizations in the health thematic area of the 6th Framework Programme. A total of 2132 different organizations were classified according to four types and then grouped by country. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out on the percentage of funding obtained by each type of organization. Results show a countries map plotted around the “private” and “public” principal components. It is observed that there are countries which research is basically performed by government research centres, while others are supported in the university activity. We conclude that the PCA is a suitable method to plot the distribution of research organizations by country and the results could be used as a tool for theoretical studies about the scientific activity in a country.

Keywords: 6th Framework Programme, Biomedicine, Classification, Distribution, Funding, Health, Impact, Multivariate Analysis, National Science, PCA, Research, Science, Science and Technology, Scientometrics, Space, Technology, Triple Helix, University

? Guan, J.C. and Wang, G.B. (2010), A comparative study of research performance in nanotechnology for China’s inventor-authors and their non-inventing peers. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 331-343.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 331.pdf

Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between patenting and publishing in the field of nanotechnology for Chinese universities. With their growing patents, Chinese universities are becoming main technological source for nanotechnology development that is extremely important in China. Matching names of patentees to names of research paper authors in Chinese universities, we find 6,321 authors with patents, i.e. inventor-authors, and 65,001 without any patent. Research performance is measured using three indicators-publication counts, total citations and h-index received by each researcher. It is found that research performance of authors who are also inventors holding patents is better than that of those authors who do not have a patent, and that most of high quality research is performed by inventor-authors. Our findings indicate that patent-oriented research may produce better results.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, China, Citations, Development, Field, h Index, h-Index, Index, Inventor-Authors, Journals, Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, Patent, Patents, Performance, Publications, Publishing, Research, Research Performance, Science, Terms, Universities, University Patenting

? Gentil-Beccot, A., Mele, S. and Brooks, T.C. (2010), Citing and reading behaviours in high-energy physics. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 345-355.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 345.pdf

Abstract: Contemporary scholarly discourse follows many alternative routes in addition to the three-century old tradition of publication in peer-reviewed journals. The field of High-Energy Physics (HEP) has explored alternative communication strategies for decades, initially via the mass mailing of paper copies of preliminary manuscripts, then via the inception of the first online repositories and digital libraries. This field is uniquely placed to answer recurrent questions raised by the current trends in scholarly communication: is there an advantage for scientists to make their work available through repositories, often in preliminary form? Is there an advantage to publishing in Open Access journals? Do scientists still read journals or do they use digital repositories? The analysis of citation data demonstrates that free and immediate online dissemination of preprints creates an immense citation advantage in HEP, whereas publication in Open Access journals presents no discernible advantage. In addition, the analysis of clickstreams in the leading digital library of the field shows that HEP scientists seldom read journals, preferring preprints instead.

Keywords: Citation, Communication, Digital Libraries, Digital Library, Discourse, Energy Physics, High, Impact, Journals, Libraries, Manuscripts, Open-Access, Open-Access, Physics, Publication, Publishing, Reading, Repository, Scholarly Communication, Trends

? Nejati, A. and Jenab, S.M.H. (2010), A two-dimensional approach to evaluate the scientific production of countries (case study: the basic sciences). Scientometrics, 84 (2), 357-364.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 357.pdf

Abstract: The quantity and quality of scientific output of the topmost 50 countries in the four basic sciences (agricultural & biological sciences, chemistry, mathematics, and physics & astronomy) are studied in the period of the recent 12 years (1996-2007). In order to rank the countries, a novel two-dimensional method is proposed, which is inspired by the h-index and other methods based on quality and quantity measures. The countries data are represented in a “quantity-quality diagram”, and partitioned by a conventional statistical algorithm into three clusters, members of which are rather the same in all of the basic sciences. The results offer a new perspective on the global positions of countries with regards to their scientific output.

Keywords: Algorithm, Basic Science, Biological, Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Global, h-Index, Impact, Index, Mathematics, Methods, Nations, Output, Production, Quality, Quantity, Ranking, Scientific Output, Scientific Production, Statistical

? Savanur, K. and Srikanth, R. (2010), Modified collaborative coefficient: A new measure for quantifying the degree of research collaboration. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 365-371.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 365.pdf

Abstract: Collaborative coefficient (CC) is a measure of collaboration in research, that reflects both the mean number of authors per paper as well as the proportion of multi-authored papers. Although it lies between the values 0 and 1, and is 0 for a collection of purely single-authored papers, it is not 1 for the case where all papers are maximally authored, i.e., every publication in the collection has all authors in the collection as co-authors. We propose a simple modification of CC, which we call modified collaboration coefficient (or MCC, for short), which improves its performance in this respect.

Keywords: Collaboration, Collaborative Coefficient, Multiple Authorship, Performance, Publication, Research, Research Collaboration

? Sooryamoorthy, R. (2010), Science and scientific collaboration in South Africa: Apartheid and after. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 373-390.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 373.pdf

Abstract: Scientific collaboration is growing in its importance, more so in Asian and African countries. This paper examines the scenario of science and scientific collaboration in South Africa which had passed through the colonial and apartheid regimes before it became a democracy in 1994. South African science under distinct political periods moved through some difficult periods but it did not badly affect the progress and direction of South African science. Science and scientific collaboration continued to grow under its major political phases amidst serious challenges. Despite internal conflict and boycott by the international scientific community, South Africa could move onto a stable and steady path of growth in science and collaboration under apartheid which is being carried on in the new South Africa. Collaborative research is encouraged at various levels of knowledge production and in science. The importance science and scientific development is gaining in today’s South Africa is remarkable.

Keywords: Africa, Apartheid, Collaboration, Development, Growth, Indicators, International, Knowledge, Knowledge Production, Medicine, Nations, Organization, Production, Research, Research-and-Development, Scenario, Science, Scientific Collaboration, South Africa, State, Technology

? Han, C.S., Lee, S.K. and England, M. (2010), Transition to postmodern science-related scientometric data. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 391-401.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 391.pdf

Abstract: A change in scientific developments in recent decades is widely proclaimed which may be associated with terms like postmodern science or steady state science. This change is usually discussed from a more epistemological viewpoint. In order to enhance the understanding of the underlying key factors, bibliometric, demographic and Nobel Prize recipient data spanning of the last hundred years are considered and analyzed. It is found that in general the considered data point to a quasi-steady state in bibliometric developments of highly developed countries. For emerging countries, such a steady state is not yet attained, therefore, the research output in scientific journal articles is still expected to rise considerably. Consequences and interpretations of an ever growing research output in relation to the increasing age of Nobel Prize recipients are discussed and conclusions are drawn from the considered data.

Keywords: Articles, Bibliometric, Biblometrics, Change, Demography, Exponential-Growth, Innovation, Journal, Nobel Prize, Postmodern Science, Research, Research Output, Science, Scientific Journal, State, Steady State, Steady State Science

? Mahbuba, D. and Rousseau, R. (2010), Scientific research in the Indian subcontinent: selected trends and indicators 1973-2007 comparing Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka with India, the local giant. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 403-420.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 403.pdf

Abstract: As part of a research program to analyse research in Bangladesh we provide a comparison between research indicators related to India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. In this investigation we make use of Web of Science (WoS) data as well as Scopus data (using the SCImago website). Special attention is given to collaboration data and to the evolution of country h-indices. A comparison based on relative quality indicators shows that Sri Lanka is the best performer among these four countries. Such a result agrees with the ranking of these countries according to the United Nations’ Human Development Index (HDI).

Keywords: Asia, Attention, Bangladesh, Citation, Collaboration, Comparison, Country h-Indices, Development, Evolution, Impact, Index, India, Indicators, Local, Pakistan, Publication Analysis, Research, Science, Scimago, Scopus, Sri Lanka, Trends, Web of Science, WOS

? Zhang, L., Zhao, H.A., Li, Q.S., Wang, J.A. and Tan, X. (2010), Establishment of paper assessment system based on academic disciplinary benchmarks. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 421-429.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 421.pdf

Abstract: An article assessment system based on both Tianjin University and nine key Chinese Universities’ academic disciplinary benchmarks was established to evaluate researcher’s published papers. With this scientific benchmarking system, the quality of a researcher’s papers could be easily located in a percentile scale in corresponding field within certain groups. Several factors, including total number of papers, order of authors, impact of journals, citation count, h-index, e-index, a-index, m-quotient, etc., were also utilized for both quantity and quality analysis. Furthermore, the novel proposed weighted citation analysis was introduced to judge a researcher’s contribution to his/her research outcomes. The convenient application and comprehensive evaluation property of this assessment system was thoroughly discussed via a given example.

Keywords: Article Assessment System, Articles, Assessment, Benchmarking, Benchmarks, Citation, Citation Analysis, Citation Count, Citations, Contribution, Evaluation, Groups, h Index, h-Index, Impact, Index, Journals, Outcomes, Research, Research Performance Assessment, Scale, System, Universities, University

? Ye, F.Y. and Rousseau, R. (2010), Probing the h-core: An investigation of the tail-core ratio for rank distributions. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 431-439.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 431.pdf

Abstract: The set of citations received by a set of publications consists of citations received by articles in the h-core and citations received by articles in the h-tail. Denoting the cardinalities of these fours sets as C, P, C (H) and C (T) we introduce the tail-core ratio (C (T)/C (H)) and show that in practical cases this ratio tends to increase. Introducing further the k-index, defined as k = (C/P)/(C (T)/C (H)), we show that this index decreases in most practical cases. A power law model is in accordance with these practical observations.

Keywords: Articles, Citations, h, h-Core, h-Index, h-Tail, Index, K-Index, Model, Power Law, Publications, Tail-Core Ratio, V-Index

? Marx, W. and Bornmann, L. (2010), How accurately does Thomas Kuhn’s model of paradigm change describe the transition from the static view of the universe to the big bang theory in cosmology? Scientometrics, 84 (2), 441-464.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 441.pdf

Abstract: Up to the 1960s the prevalent view of science was that it was a step-by-step undertaking in slow, piecemeal progression towards truth. Thomas Kuhn argued against this view and claimed that science always follows this pattern: after a phase of “normal” science, a scientific “revolution” occurs. Taking as a case study the transition from the static view of the universe to the Big Bang theory in cosmology, we appraised Kuhn’s theoretical approach by conducting a historical reconstruction and a citation analysis. As the results show, the transition in cosmology can be linked to many different persons, publications, and points in time. The findings indicate that there was not one (short term) scientific revolution in cosmology but instead a paradigm shift that progressed as a slow, piecemeal process.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, Change, Chemistry, Citation, Citation Analysis, Citation Counts, Cosmology, Distance, Distributions, Extra-Galactic Nebulae, Historical Reconstruction, Model, Paradigm, Progression, Publications, Radiation, Reconstruction, Relativity, Science, Scientific Discovery, Theory, Thomas Kuhn, Velocity

? Henzinger, M., Sunol, J. and Weber, I. (2010), The stability of the h-index. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 465-479.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 465.pdf

Abstract: Over the last years the h-index has gained popularity as a measure for comparing the impact of scientists. We investigate if ranking according to the h-index is stable with respect to (i) different choices of citation databases, (II) normalizing citation counts by the number of authors or by removing self-citations, (iii) small amounts of noise created by randomly removing citations or publications and (iv) small changes in the definition of the index. In experiments for 5,283 computer scientists and 1,354 physicists we show that although the ranking of the h-index is stable under most of these changes, it is unstable when different databases are used. Therefore, comparisons based on the h-index should only be trusted when the rankings of multiple citation databases agree.

Keywords: Citation, Citation Counts, Citation Databases, Citations, Computer, Databases, h Index, h-Index, Impact, Noise, Publications, Ranking Scientists, Rankings, Self-Citations, Stability, Stability Analysis

? Boshoff, N. (2010), South-South research collaboration of countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Scientometrics, 84 (2), 481-503.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 481.pdf

Abstract: This study investigates South-South collaboration in research, and specifically collaboration among the 15 countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) as well as between the SADC and the rest of Africa. It was found that only 3% of SADC papers during 2005-2008 were jointly authored by researchers from two or more SADC countries (intra-regional collaboration), and only 5% of SADC papers were jointly authored with researchers from African countries outside the SADC (continental collaboration). In contrast, 47% of SADC papers were co-authored with scientists from high-income countries. The few instances of intra-regional and continental collaboration in the SADC are largely the product of North-South collaboration. Authors from high-income countries are included in 60% of intra-regional co-authored papers and in 59% of continental co-authored papers. Moreover, between 2005 and 2008, South Africa produced 81% of all SADC papers and 78% of all intra-regional co-authored papers. This implies that there is a highly unbalanced and unequal partnership that can best be described as a variant of North-South collaboration with the scientific giant in the South taking on the role of the ‘political North’. As a consequence, guidelines for successful North-South collaborations should be extended to include South-South collaborations that comprise highly unequal partners, as is the case between South Africa and the other SADC countries.

Keywords: Africa, Authors, Co-Authorship, Co-Authorships, Collaboration, Context, Development, North, North-South Collaboration, Regional Integration, Research, Research Collaboration, Researchers, Science, South Africa, South-South Collaboration, Southern African Development Community (SADC)

? Kim, M.J. (2010), Visibility of Korean science journals: An analysis between citation measures among international composition of editorial board and foreign authorship. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 505-522.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 505.pdf

Abstract: This article reports findings from a study of the relationship between citation measures (impact factor and its quartile) among international composition of editorial board and foreign authorship in 17 Korean SCI journals for the three 5-year periods, 1995, 2000, and 2005. With few exceptions, the relationship between international editorial board composition and foreign authorship and citation measures was non-existent, at p > 0.05. However, the international members on editorial boards and foreign authorship of papers in Korean journals have increased greatly over the three 5-year periods, and there has been to a certain degree growth in the visibility and performance of Korean SCI journals in terms of impact factors, but not their quartiles.

Keywords: Authorship, Citation, Citation Measures, Composition, Foreign Authorship, Growth, Impact, Impact Factor, Impact Factors, International, International Composition of Editorial Board, Journals, Korean Science Journals, Performance, SCI, Science, Scientific Journals, Visibility

? van Eck, N.J. and Waltman, L. (2010), Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 523-538.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 523.pdf

Abstract: We present VOSviewer, a freely available computer program that we have developed for constructing and viewing bibliometric maps. Unlike most computer programs that are used for bibliometric mapping, VOSviewer pays special attention to the graphical representation of bibliometric maps. The functionality of VOSviewer is especially useful for displaying large bibliometric maps in an easy-to-interpret way. The paper consists of three parts. In the first part, an overview of VOSviewer’s functionality for displaying bibliometric maps is provided. In the second part, the technical implementation of specific parts of the program is discussed. Finally, in the third part, VOSviewer’s ability to handle large maps is demonstrated by using the program to construct and display a co-citation map of 5,000 major scientific journals.

Keywords: Attention, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Mapping, Co-Citation, Computational Intelligence Field, Computer, Computer Programs, Graphs, Journal Co-Citation Analysis, Journals, Mapping, Maps, Pathfinder Networks, Science, Science Mapping, Scientific Journals, Survey, Visualization, VOS, Vosviewer

? Lortie, C.J. (2010), Letter to the editor: A global comment on scientific publications, productivity, people, and beer. Scientometrics, 84 (2), 539-541.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 539.pdf

Keywords: Editor, Global, Nations, Productivity, Publications, Scientific Publications

? Lim, H. and Park, Y. (2010), Identification of technological knowledge intermediaries. Scientometrics, 84 (3), 543-561.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 543.pdf

Abstract: Intermediaries in a technological knowledge network have recently been highlighted as crucial innovation drivers that accelerate technological knowledge flows. Although the patent network analysis has been frequently used to monitor technological knowledge structures, it has examined only sources or recipients of the technological knowledge by mainly estimating technological knowledge inflows or outflows of a network node. This study, therefore, aims to identify technological knowledge intermediaries when a technology-level knowledge network is composed of several industries. First, types of technological knowledge flows are deductively classified into four types by highlighting industry affiliations of source technologies and recipient technologies. Second, a directed technological knowledge network is generated at the technology class level, using patent co-classification analysis. Third, for each class, mediating scores are measured according to the four types. The empirical analysis illustrates the Korea’s technological knowledge network between 2000 and 2008. As a result, the four types of mediating scores are compared between industries, and industry-wise technological knowledge intermediaries are identified. The proposed approach is practical to explore converging processes in technology development where technology classes act as technological knowledge intermediaries among diverse industries.

Keywords: Betweenness, Brokerage, Centrality, Firms, Industry Affiliation, Innovations, Knowledge Network, Network Analysis, Patent Co-Classification, Patent Statistics, Perspective, Positions, Research-and-Development, Spillovers, Technological Knowledge Intermediary

? Yanagisawa, K., Ito, K., Katsuki, C., Kawashima, K. and Shirabe, M. (2010), An outcome of nuclear safety research in JAERI: case study for LOCA. Scientometrics, 84 (3), 563-573.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 563.pdf

Abstract: An outcome of nuclear safety research (NSR) done by JAERI (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute) was case studied by the bibliometric method. (1) For LOCA (loss-of-coolant accident) a domestic share of JAERI in monoclinic research paper was 63% at the past (20) 1978-1982 but was decreased to 40% at the present 1998-2002. For co-authored papers a domestic share between JAERI and PS (public sectors) was zero at past (20) but increased to 4% at the present. Research cooperation is active between Tokyo University and JAERI or between JAERI and Nagoya University. (2) It is revealed that LOCA outputs born by NSR-JAERI reflected partly to those of the Safety Licensing Guidelines, however, a share of NSR-JAERI could not determined due to the lack of necessary information in the Guideline.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, Jaeri, Loca, Nuclear Safety Research, Outcome, Research, Safety Licensing Guideline, University

? Larsen, P.O. and von Ins, M. (2010), The rate of growth in scientific publication and the decline in coverage provided by Science Citation Index. Scientometrics, 84 (3), 575-603.

Full Text: 2010\Scientometrics84, 575.pdf

Abstract: The growth rate of scientific publication has been studied from 1907 to 2007 using available data from a number of literature databases, including Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). Traditional scientific publishing, that is publication in peer-reviewed journals, is still increasing although there are big differences between fields. There are no indications that the growth rate has decreased in the last 50 years. At the same time publication using new channels, for example conference proceedings, open archives and home pages, is growing fast. The growth rate for SCI up to 2007 is smaller than for comparable databases. This means that SCI was covering a decreasing part of the traditional scientific literature. There are also clear indications that the coverage by SCI is especially low in some of the scientific areas with the highest growth rate, including computer science and engineering sciences. The role of conference proceedings, open access archives and publications published on the net is increasing, especially in scientific fields with high growth rates, but this has only partially been reflected in the databases. The new publication channels challenge the use of the big databases in measurements of scientific productivity or output and of the growth rate of science. Because of the declining coverage and this challenge it is problematic that SCI has been used and is used as the dominant source for science indicators based on publication and citation numbers. The limited data available for social sciences show that the growth rate in SSCI was remarkably low and indicate that the coverage by SSCI was declining over time. National Science Indicators from Thomson Reuters is based solely on SCI, SSCI and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (AHCI). Therefore the declining coverage of the citation databases problematizes the use of this source.

Keywords: Big Science, Citation, Coverage of Conference Proceedings, Coverage of Databases, Coverage of Science Citation Index, Cumulative Values, Databases for Scientific Publications, Doubling Time, Exponential Growth, Google Scholar, Growth Rate for Science, Growth Rate for Scientific Publication, Indicator, Little Science, Low, Number of Scientific Journals, Publication, SCI, Scopus, Web

? Abramo, G., D’Angelo, C.A. and Solazzi, M. (2010), National research assessment exercises: a measure of the distortion of performance rankings when labor input is treated as uniform. Scientometrics,