Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 211.pdf

Abstract: Nalimov’s relations with Polish scientists date from the sixties. He was present in Polish science owing to his publication - also specially prepared for Polish journals - and for his participation in Polish-Soviet science of science conferences organized alternately in Poland and in (of that time) Soviet Union. He had a high opinion - which he many times expressed - on contemporary condition of Polish science of science as well as on its previous achievements. In such opinion he was riot isolated, also John Bernal and Derek de Solla Price referred in their papers to precursory statements of Maria and Stanislaw Ossowski formulating already in the thirties of XX century progressive programme for science of science research. Ten years earlier a similar views upon science presented world-famous Polish sociologist Florian Znaniecki. So, in the first part of the paper a common way of thinking and approaching science of science basic problems in Ossowski’s, Znaniecki’s and Nalimov’s works is presented. In the second part the direct contacts of Nalimov with Polish science of science researchers widely described and commentated in Polish journals are discussed. At least using citation analysis the influence of Nalimov’s ideas on science of science and scientometrics in Poland is presented. As a base to citation analysis the journal Problems of the Science of Science (1965-1999) and monographs devoted to scientometrics, bibliometrics and informetrics were taken.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, Citation, Citation Analysis, Informetrics, Journals, Publication, Research, Researchers, Science, Science of Science, Scientometrics

? Żbikowska-Migoń, A. (2001), Karl Heinrich Frommichen (1736-1783) and Adrian Balbi (1782-1848) - The pioneers of biblio- and scientometrics. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 225-233.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 225.pdf

Abstract: When V. V, Nalimov in his important book Naukometriya (Moskva 1969) postulated research on the process of developement of science with the aid of quantitative methods, he listed many different indicators. There were among them the number and growth of scientific publications books and periodicals, the number of scientists, the level of expenditure. This article shows that the importance of these indicators was recognised by earlier authors.

Keywords: Books, Periodicals, Publications, Research, Science, Scientific Publications, Scientometrics

Arunachalam, S. (2001), Mathematics research in India today: What does the literature reveal? Scientometrics, 52 (2), 235-259.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 235.pdf

Abstract: Mathematics research in India, as reflected by papers indexed in Mathsci 1988-1998, is quantified and mapped. Statistics, quantum theory and general topology are the three subfields contributing the most to India’s output in mathematics research, followed by special functions, economics and operations research, and relativity and gravitational theory. Indian Statistical Institute and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research are the two leading publishers of research papers. Unlike in many other fields, Calcutta publishes the largest number of papers in mathematics, followed by Mumbai, New Delhi, Chermai and Bangalore. West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Delhi are the leading states. Researchers from 257 institutions spread over 134 cities/towns have published 17, 308 papers in the 11 years. About 92% of these papers have appeared in 877 journals published from 62 countries. Journals published in the USA, UK and the Netherlands are popular with Indian mathematicians. of the 36 journals that have published at least a hundred papers, 20 are Indian journals of which only two are indexed in Journal Citation Reports. In all, about 38.5% of papers have been published in Indian journals, as against about 70% in agriculture, 55% in life sciences, 33.5% in medicine and 20% in physics. In the later years, there has been a moderate shift to non-Indian journals. Close to 78% of papers have come from universities and colleges and 13% from the institutions under science related departments. Almost all papers in high impact journals are physics related and most of them have come from institutions under the Department of Atomic Energy. Over 15% of the 9760 papers published during 1993-1998 are internationally coauthored. In all of science, as seen from Science Citation Index, 14% of Indian papers were internationally coauthored in 1991 and 17.6% in 1998, The USA, Canada, and Germany are the important collaborating nations, followed by France, Italy, Japan and the UK.

Keywords: Science

? Egghe, L. and Rousseau, R. (2001), Symmetric and asymmetric theory of relative concentration and applications. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 261-290.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 261.pdf

Abstract: Relative concentration theory studies the degree of inequality between two vectors (a(1),....,a(N)) and (alpha (1),....,alpha (N)). It extends concentration theory in the sense that, in the latter theory, one of the above vectors is (1/N,....,1/N) (N coordinates). When studying relative concentration one can consider the vectors (a(1),....,a(N)) and (alpha (1),.....,alpha (N)) as interchangeable (equivalent) or not. In the former case this means that the relative concentration of (a(1),....,a(N)) versus (alpha (1),....,alpha (N)) is the same as the relative concentration of (alpha (1),.....,alpha (N)) versus (a(1),....,a(N)). We deal here with a symmetric theory of relative concentration. In the other case one wants to consider (a(1),....,a(N)) as having a different role as and hence the results can be different when interchanging the vectors. This leads to an asymmetric theory of relative concentration. In this paper we elaborate both models, As they extend concentration theory, both models use the Lorenz order and Lorenz curves. For each theory we present good measures of relative concentration and give applications of each model.

Keywords: Concentration Theory, Information-Retrieval, Theory

Hood, W.W. and Wilson, C.S. (2001), The literature of bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 291-314.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 291.pdf

Abstract: Since Vassily V. Nalimov coined the term ‘scientometrics’ in the 1960s, this term has grown in popularity and is used to describe the study of science: growth, structure, interrelationships and productivity. Scientometrics is related to and has overlapping interests with bibliometrics and informetrics. The terms bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics refer to component fields related to the study of the dynamics of disciplines as reflected in the production of their literature, Areas of study range from charting changes in the output of a scholarly field through time and across countries, to the library collection problem of maintaining control of the output, and to the low publication productivity of most researchers. These terms are used to describe similar and overlapping methodologies. The origins and historical survey of the development of each of these terms are presented. Profiles of the usage of each of these terms over time are presented, using an appropriate subject category of databases on the DIALOG information service. Various definitions of each of the terms are provided from an examination of the literature. The size of the overall literature of these fields is determined and the growth and stabilisation of both the dissertation and non-dissertation literature are shown. A listing of the top journals in the three fields are given, as well as a list of the major reviews and bibliographies that have been published over the years.

Keywords: Bibliometrics, Bradford Distribution, Citation Analysis, Cocitation Analysis, Definition, Information-Science, Journals, Scholarly Communication

? Zorin, N.A., Nemtsov, A.V. and Kalinin, V.V. (2001), Formalised assessment of publication quality in Russian psychiatry. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 315-322.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 315.pdf

Abstract: A comparative study was carried out to determine the quality of research papers published during 1996 in two leading Russian psychiatric journals: Social and Clinical Psychiatry - SCP (27 papers) and the Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry S.S. Korsakov - JNP (33 papers). A newly created “Checklist for the formalised assessment of medical papers” elaborated on the principles of the evidence-based medicine was used for the analysis. A paper was defined as a scientific study if the suggested hypothesis had been verified by the methods that permitted to minimise systematic errors, to take into consideration random errors and if conclusions and arguments answered the suggested goals and were based on the data obtained. 1/3 of all papers in both journals appeared to be purely descriptive ones. Tbe analysis showed that only 2 papers in SCP (7%) and 5 papers in JNP (15%) could be defined as scientific studies. 12% of papers met the requirements of scientific standards to a certain extent. But 77% of papers published in 1996 were real spoilage of scientific research.

Keywords: Assessment, Evidence-Based Medicine, Journals, Medical, Medicine, Psychiatry, Publication, Research, Research Papers, Standards

Marshakova-Shaikevich, I. (2001), Scientometric perspectives of the analysis of chemical terminology. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 323-336.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 323.pdf

Abstract: This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Nalimov. The paper is to show some possibilities of bibliometric methods applied to Subject Index to ‘CHEMICAL ABSTRACT’ (CA) and to Permuterm Subject Index to ‘SCIENCE CITATION INDEX’.

? Shapiro, S.I. (2001), The Universe Grasper. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 337-344

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 337.pdf

? Nalimov, V.V., Drogalina-Nalimov, J. and Zuyev, K. (2001), The universe of meanings. Scientometrics, 52 (2), 345-360

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 345.pdf

? Kretschmer, H. (2001), Selected papers of the “Second Berlin Workshop on Scientometrics and Informetrics/Collaboration in Science and in Technology and First COLLNET Meeting” - Berlin (Germany), September 1-4, 2000 - Preface. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 363-364.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 363.pdf

Keywords: Science, Scientometrics, Technology

? Beaver, D.D. (2001), Reflections on scientific collaboration, (and its study): Past, present, and future. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 365-377.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 365.pdf

Abstract: Personal observations and reflections on scientific collaboration and its study, past, present, and future, containing new material on motives for collaboration, and on some of its salient features. Continuing methodological problems are singled out, together with suggestions for future research.

Keywords: Co-Authorship, Collaboration, Research

Basu, A. and Aggarwal, R. (2001), International collaboration in science in India and its impact on institutional performance. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 379-394.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics52, 379.pdf

Abstract: In this paper, our objective is to delineate some of the problems that could arise in using research output for performance evaluation. Research performance in terms of the Impact Factor (IF) of papers, say of scientific institutions in a country, could depend critically on coauthored papers in a situation where internationally co-authored papers are known to have significantly different (higher) impact factors as compared to purely indigenous papers. Thus, international collaboration not only serves to increase the overall output of research papers of an institution, the contribution of such papers to the average Impact Factor of the institutional output could also be disproportionately high. To quantify this effect, an index of gain in impact through foreign collaboration (GIFCOL) is defined such that it ensures comparability between institutions with differing proportions of collaborative output. A case study of major Indian institutions is undertaken, where Cluster Analysis is used to distinguish between intrinsically high performance institutions and those that gain disproportionately in terms of perceived quality of their output as a result of international collaboration.

? Davis, M. and Wilson, C.S. (2001), Elite researchers in ophthalmology: Aspects of publishing strategies, collaboration and multi-disciplinarity. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 395-410.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 395.pdf

Abstract: This study covers a ten-year period, 1990-1999, of the publishing careers of nine authors who appear in the top-20 most productive authors in the field of ophthalmology In this paper we discuss findings from a study of the publishing careers of elite researchers in the field of ophthalmology. The paper highlights the extent and nature of the journals in which these elite researchers publish their work. Data derived from the study include indications of multidisciplinary involvement or ‘work-space’ interests, publication characteristics, and: collaborative engagement with others. We provide insights into the workings of author productivity, characteristics of papers such as numbers per paper of pages, references, and: authors, and initial findings about their collaboration patterns. These findings, showing! (ir)regularities or patterns in publishing careers, may be of interest to researchers and practitioners because they provide a view that might not otherwise be apparent to the field or to authors themselves.

Keywords: Author Productivity, Collaboration, Journals, Publication, Publishing, Researchers

? Gläser, J. and Laudel, G. (2001), Integrating scientometric indicators into sociological studies: Methodical and methodological problems. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 411-434.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 411.pdf

Abstract: This article discusses the methodological problems of integrating scientometric methods into a, qualitative study. Integrative attempts of this kind are poorly supported by the methodologies of both the sociology of science and scientometrics. Therefore it was necessary to develop a project-specific methodological approach that linked scientometric methods to theoretical considerations. The methodological approach is presented and used to discuss general methodological problems concerning the relation between (qualitative) theory and scientometric methods. This discussion: enables some conclusions to be drawn as to the relations that exist between scientometrics and them sociology of science.

Keywords: Big Scientometrics, Citation, Communication, East, Journals, Patterns, Physics, Science, Scientometric Indicators, Scientometrics, Sociology of Science, Spanish, Technology, Theory

Havemann, F. (2001), Collaboration behaviour of Berlin life science researchers in the last two decades of the twentieth century as reflected in the Science Citation Index. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 435-443.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics52, 435.pdf

Abstract: Coming together to get publishable research results is not always a simple task. There can be geographical, cultural, disciplinary and political barriers, which have to be overcome. The Berlin Wall was such a barrier. After its fall in November 1989 Berlin scientists changed their collaboration behaviour. Research groups in East Berlin went West to look for partners and vice versa. The numbers of papers in life science journals with co-authors working in Berlin and coauthors in other places are discussed against the background of the international trend to more and more collaboration in science.

? Kretschmer, H., Liang, L.M. and Kundra, R. (2001), Chinese-Indian-German collaboration results that provided the impetus for the foundation of COLLNET. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 445-456.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 445.pdf

Abstract: The collaboration model of Kretschmer was applied to the co-authorship network of Indian medicine with the aim of being able to observe changes in structure over a period of 30 years. The idea of Liang, on her “Distribution of Major Scientific and Cultural Achievements in Terms of Age” was put in relation to the collaboration model by Kretschmer.

Keywords: Co-Authorship, Collaboration, Medicine, Model

Lange, L.L. (2001), Citation counts of multi-authored papers: First-named authors and further authors. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 457-470.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 457.pdf

Abstract: To examine whether primary-citation indexing can be taken as an unbiased representation of all-author indexing, we compared the cited first-author counts (straight counts) with the: cited all-author counts (complete counts) in two psychological journals over two publication years. Although rather high correlations were found between straight counts and complete counts, correlations differ with journals of the same discipline, with different publication years of them same journal, and according to seniority of cited authors. No effect of alphabetical name ordering was found. Results are discussed against the background of the possible use of weighting procedures for all-author indexing.

Keywords: Productivity

? Liang, L.M., Kretschmer, H., Guo, Y.Z. and Beaver, D.D. (2001), Age structures of scientific collaboration in Chinese computer science. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 471-486.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 471.pdf

Abstract: This paper is a scientometric study of the age structure of scientific collaboration in Chinese computer science, Analysis reveals some special age structures in scientific collaboration in Chinese computer science. Most collaborations are composed of scientists younger than thirty-six (Younger) or older than fifty (Elder). For two-dimensional collaboration formed by first and second authors, Younger-Elder and Younger-Younger are the Predominant age structures. For three-dimensional collaboration formed by first, second and third authors, Younger-Younger-Elder and Younger-Younger-Younger are the most important age structures. Collaboration between two authors older than 38 amounts to only 6.4 percent of all two-person collaborations. Collaboration between two middle-aged scientists is seldom seen. Why do such types of age structure in Chinese computer science exist? We suggest a tentative, explanation based on analyses of the age composition of all authors, the age distributions of the authors in different ranks, and the name-ordering of authors in articles written by professors and their students.

Keywords: Articles, Collaboration, Computer, Science

? Mutschke, P. and Haase, A.Q. (2001), Collaboration and cognitive structures in social science research fields. Towards socio-cognitive analysis in information systems. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 487-502.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 487.pdf

Abstract: Bibliographic information systems have to address the needs of users by providing “value-added-components.” For instance, users would benefit from knowing the social and cognitive structures of research fields. Research suggests that a relationship exists between actors’ position in scientific networks and the innovativeness of themes they examine. The present study confirms: and expands these results through a technique that relates the cognitive and social structures of a research field (socio-cognitive analysis). The results from two social science fields suggest that well-integrated actors are engaged in the consolidation of the mainstream, whereas new ideas are most likely to be introduced and pursued by social climbers, i.e., actors who are starting to form a social network of collaboration.

Keywords: Co-Word Analysis, Collaboration, Networks, Research, Science, Scientific Networks

? Wagner-Döbler, R. (2001), Continuity and discontinuity of collaboration behaviour since 1800 - from a bibliometric point of view. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 503-517.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 503.pdf

Abstract: Time-series of collaboration trends indicated through co,authorships are examined from 1800 to presence in mathematics, logic, and physics. In physics, the share of co-authored papers expands in the second half of the 19th century, in mathematics in the first decades of the 20th century, in logic in the second half of the 20th century. Subdisciplines of mathematics, of physics, and areas of logic show large differences in their respective propensities to collaborate. None of the existing explanatory approaches meets this: heterogeneity, the most salient: feature is a propensitiy to collaborate in fields where theoretical and applied research is combined.

Keywords: Bibliometric, Collaboration, Mathematics, Research, Scientific Co-Authorship

Kundra, R. and Tomov, D. (2001), Collaboration Patterns in Indian and Bulgarian Epidemiology of Neoplasms in Medline for 1966–1999. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 519-523.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 519.pdf

Abstract: The publication output of India and Bulgaria on epidemiology of neoplasms as reflected in Medline on CD-ROM for 1966–1999 was scientometrically analyzed. Indians have published 347 papers in 24 domestic journals but 444 papers in 169 journals from 21 countries. Bulgarians have published 88 papers in 6 Bulgarian journals but 63 papers in 39 journals from 13 countries. Some 17 journals from 8 countries contained papers by Indian and Bulgarian authors both. Oncology dominated with 46 different journals. Indians have published papers in foreign journals of 30 thematic profiles but Bulgarians - of 12 ones. The collaboration of Indians and Bulgarians resulted from joint bilateral projects and/or postgraduate studies abroad.

? Wenzel, V. (2001), Complex systems in natural science and humanities. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 525-529.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 525.pdf

Abstract: In this paper specifics of the research subject within the natural sciences and humanities are supposed to be well-known. These specifics set limits: to communication between, scholars and natural scientists. In particular this leads to critical situations in cases if both participantes have to collaborate within a common interdisciplinary research work. The modem conception of complex system as subject of investigation for both natural sciences and humanities have in this context an integrating function. The term ‘complex system’ is now recognized as a transdisciplinary matters of research. Despite of the well-known differences between two fields of modem science one can find on this condition a number of mechanisms which are generating also common properties of them.

Keywords: Complex, Humanities, Mechanisms, Research, Research Work, Science, System

? Kretschmer, H., Liang, L.M. and Kundra, R. (2001), Foundation of a global interdisciplinary research network (COLLNET) with Berlin as the virtual centre. Scientometrics, 52 (3), 531-537.

Full Text: 2001\Scientometrics52, 531.pdf

Abstract: The growing importance of collaboration in research and the still underdeveloped state-of-the-art of research on collaboration have encouraged scientists from 16 countries to establish a global interdisciplinary research network under the title “Collaboration in Science and in Technology” (COLLNET) with Berlin as its virtual centre which has been set up on January Ist, 2000. The network is to comprise the prominent scientists, who work at present mostly in the field of quantitative science studies. The intention is to work together in co-operation both on theoretical and applied aspects.

Keywords: Collaboration, Research, Science

Markusova, V.A., Wilson, C.S. and Davis, M. (2002), From bioweapon to biodefense - The collaborative literature of biodefense in the 1990s. Scientometrics,