Personal Research Database

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 171.pdf

Abstract: The present study characterizes the dynamic publication activity of global knowledge management (KM) by data collected through a search restricted to articles in ISI Web of Science. A total of 2727 unique authors had contributed 1407 publications since 1975. The overwhelming majority (2349 or 86%) of them wrote one publication. The productive authors, their contribution and authorship position are listed to indicate their productivity and degree of involvement in their research publications. The sum of research output of the first or responsible authors from USA, UK and Germany reaches 57% of the total productivity. The distribution of articles is rather widespread - they published in 462 titles of serials, spanning 110 Journal Citation Reports subject categories. The higher quality journals make publication of findings more visible. A Pearson’s correlation coefficient is statistically found to be significant between citation frequency of article and impact factor of journal, instead of authorship pattern. The results also indicate that R&D expenditures were actually not proportional to research productivity or citation counts. As the subject highly interacts with other disciplines, the field of KM has not yet developed its own body of literature. KM might have been evolving an interdisciplinary theory that is developing at the boundaries of scientific disciplines.

Keywords: Neural-Networks Research, Research Performance, Modern Science, Impact Factor, Citation, Journals, Collaboration, Indicators, Interdisciplinarity, Productivity

? Karazija, R. and Momkauskaite, A. (2004), The Nobel prize in physics - regularities and tendencies. Scientometrics, 61 (2), 191-205.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 191.pdf

Abstract: Various distributions of the Nobel laureates in physics in the 20th century and their discoveries are considered. It is shown that the time-interval between the discovery and its recognition can be approximately described by a lognormal distribution. The ratio of the numbers of laureates awarded for the experimental and the theoretical discoveries was rather different in various decades; this was determined by some “waves” of discoveries and in the initial period probably by some subjective factors. The probability to obtain this prize for the theorist is larger than for the experimenter. The main part of the awards was given to the scientists working in the main fields of modem physics: small distances and solid state physics. Some fields of physics such as mathematical physics, relativity, statistical physics were ignored completely. The worrying tendency of an increasing average age of laureates towards their retirement age is indicated.

Keywords: Experimental, Nobel Prize, Ratio, Statistical

Velloso, A., Lannes, D. and de Meis, L. (2004), Concentration of science in Brazilian governmental universities. Scientometrics, 61 (2), 207-220.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 207.pdf

Abstract: Brazilian university-based science has grown rapidly in the last 20 years. Most of the PhD-level teaching, research, and technical publications are based in the government-supported universities, although there are also privately supported universities, which educate a large fraction of Brazilian attorney, business people, and other professions. We investigate here the relationship between type of university, numbers of degree program offered, number of faculty members, and number of published papers. Twelve universities, all government supported, are found to produce a very large fraction of publications and to house the best qualified PhD programs. We find that there is a strong correlation between research carried out with foreign collaborators and rate at which the resulting publications are cited. This trend is characteristic of many developing and less developed nations.

Keywords: International Collaboration

Klaić, Z.B. and Klaić, B. (2004), Croatian scientific publications in top journals according to the Science Citation Index for the 1980-2000 period. Scientometrics, 61 (2), 221-251.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 221.pdf

Abstract: A top journal is defined as a journal which is within the first 10% of journals ranked by impact factor in the SCI list, within a particular scientific subfield, for the year considered. Journals which were for 11 or more years within the first 10% were considered top journals during the whole period even though they were not within the first 10%, in some of the years covered by this study.

In the period from 1980 to 2000, the Croatian scientists affiliated with research institutions within the Republic of Croatia, published a total of 13,021 papers in journals covered by the Science Citation Index (SCI). Out of these papers, only 2,720 were published in top journals. This amounts to 20.9% of the total, and this is below the world average of 29.5% for the same scientific subfields. Out of the above 2,720 publications, 1,250 (46.0%) were published in international collaboration, and 335 (12.3%) papers were Meeting Abstracts. The Croatian scientists were most productive in the main scientific fields: Physics (875 papers, 32.2%), Medicine (786 papers, 28.9%), and Chemistry (580 papers, 21.3%). All others fields, taken together, comprised 17.6% of the total scientific output. Of the 786 medical papers, 290 were Meeting Abstracts, or 36.9% of the total output in the field of Medicine, and medical Meeting Abstracts represent 86.6% of the total number of abstracts (33 5). Articles (2,060) represent 75.7% of the total Croatian scientific output in top journals.

Keywords: International Collaboration, Indicators

Gu, Y.N. (2004), Disciplinary determinants of bibliometric impact in Danish industrial research: Collaboration and visibility. Scientometrics, 61 (2), 253-270.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 253.pdf

Abstract: Firms are increasingly dependent on networks and network visibility for innovation. Bibliometric impact can be regarded as a measure of a firm’s visibility in knowledge-producing networks and may explain why companies publish their results. However, this visibility varies across disciplines. This paper examines publications produced by Danish companies in 1996, 1998 and 2000 to show how citation and collaboration patterns relate in different disciplines. The main findings are that for disciplines characterized by international collaboration and many authors per paper, international collaboration results in a greater number of citations. National collaboration does not, however, seem to make any difference to citation impact in industrial research. In disciplines where multinational collaboration and multi-authorship is uncommon, no clear picture of impact patterns can be obtained. By extension, this research may provide knowledge on how citations of papers in scientific journals can be used as a potential window to scientific networks for firms.

Keywords: Research-and-Development, Co-Authorships, Innovation, Networks, Cooperation, Citation, Progress

Belinchon, I., Ramos, J.M., Sanchez-Yus, E. and Betlloch, I. (2004), Dermatological scientific production from European Union authors (1987-2000). Scientometrics, 61 (2), 271-281.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 271.pdf

Abstract: To evaluate the contribution to international dermatological literature made by authors from European Union (EU) countries. Using MedLine, a selection was made of articles by EU authors published between 1987 and 2000 in 32 dermatological journals, classified as such by the Institute for Scientific hiformation. Overall 19,225 documents were published by European authors in the selected dermatological journals from 1987 to 2000. The leading countries in terms of output were the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and France. The leading countries in number of articles after taking into account the gross domestic product and the population were Denmark, Finland and Sweden. The main journals were the British Journal of Dermatology (14.5% of articles from European authors), Contact Dermatitis (13.7%), Journal of Investigative Dermatology (7.3%), Journal of American Academy of Dermatology (6.4%), and Acta Dermato-Venereologica (6.1%). The country with the highest output of papers by journal was the United Kingdom (11 journals) followed by Germany (9 journals), Italy (6 journals), France (3 journals), Spain (2 journals) and Sweden (1 journal). In conclusions: the scientific production of European Union research on dermatology is highest in northern countries.

Keywords: Biomedical Publications, Gastroenterology Research, Journals, Impact, Geography, Articles, Citation, Surgery

? Gu, Y. (2004), Information management or knowledge management? An informetric view of the dynamics of Academia. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 285-299.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 285.pdf

Abstract: This study analyzes the similarities and differences of performance of information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM) research publication indexed by the SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and A&HCI databases since 1994 with informetric methods in order to explore a developing tendency in the near future. The bibliographic search supplied 1199 IM and 1063 KM records. A very few of IM and KM authors contributed two or more articles. Four countries dominated global IM and KM research productivity, while a few institutions played remarkable roles in scholarly activity. IM journals distributed widespread and 84 per cent just published one or two articles, KM publications were rather concentrated to core and borderline periodicals, fitting Bradford’s law of scattering and. The result of Pearson’s correlation coefficients analysis indicates that the higher the journal impact factor, the more times the published article is cited. The author concludes that KM has been leading IM in both publication productivity and academic population and the tendency is overwhelmingly growing.

Keywords: Impact Factor, Citation, Journals, Patterns, Quality, Bias

? Fernandez-Cano, A., Torralbo, M. and Vallejo, M. (2004), Reconsidering Price’s model of scientific growth: An overview. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 301-321.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 301.pdf

Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the general model of scientific growth proposed by D. J. de Solla Price. Firstly, the formulation of the model is examined using the seminal sources. Later, forerunners, offshoots and criticisms to the model are discussed. Finally, an integrative review using retrieved empirical studies exposes the complexity and diversity of models of scientific growth and the absence of consistent patterns.

Keywords: Big Science, Growth, Indicators, Information, Integrative Review, Journals, Mathematical Approach, Model, Overview, Prediction, Progress, Review, Scientometrics, Technology

? Pinheiro-Machado, R. and Oliveira, P.L. (2004), A comparative study of patenting activity in US and Brazilian scientific institutions. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 323-338.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 323.pdf

Abstract: Patents generated from scientific research indicate academic involvement in technology development. Academic patenting activity is recent, even in developed countries. This study compares patenting activity of Brazilian and American universities. Brazilian universities had 29.5-fold increase in applications and 4.01-fold in grants (1990-2001), about twice the increase presented by American universities in this period. However, a significant fraction of Brazilian academic applications are abandoned due to the lack of specialized staff to help in writing and to shepherd the application through the patenting process in universities. The participation of research institutes in technological innovation is increasing steadily, even without financial incentives.

Keywords: Comparative Study, Development, Incentives, Innovation, Involvement, Patents, Public Science, Research, Scientific Institutions, Scientific Research, Technology, Universities, University, US, Writing

? Guan, J.C. and Ma, N. (2004), A comparative study of research performance in computer science. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 339-359.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 339.pdf

Abstract: The paper compares the research performance in computer science of four major Western countries, India and China, based on the data abstracted from INSPEC database during the period 1993-2002. A total of 9,632 computer science papers recorded in INSPEC database were used for the comparison. The findings indicate that, on the one hand, the number of papers produced in China has considerably increased in the past few years. Particularly, in recent years, China occupies a remarkable high position in terms of counts of papers indexed by the INSPEC database. On the other hand, Chinese scientists preferred to publish in domestic journals and proceedings and shares of SCI-papers to the total journal papers for China have still remained the lowest. This indicates that the research activities of Chinese scientists in computer science are still rather “local” and suffer from a low international visibility. Various scientometric indicators, such as Normalized Impact Factor, ratio of papers in high quality journals are further adopted to analyze research performance and diverse finding are obtained. Nevertheless, for these surrogate indicators, China has optimistically achieved great progress, characterized with “low level of beginning and high speed of developing”. The policy implication of the findings lies in that China, as well as other less developed countries in science, can earn relative competitive advantages in some new emerging or younger disciplines such as computer science by properly using catch-up strategy.

Keywords: Activities, Bibliometrics, China, Citation-Index, Comparative Study, Computer, Growth, Hand, Impact, Impact Factor, India, Indicators, Journal, Journals, Laser Research, Low, Papers, Policy, Quality, Ratio, Research, Research Performance, Science, Scientometrics, Strategy, Visibility

? Bhattacharya, S. (2004), Mapping inventive activity and technological change through patent analysis: A case study of India and China. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 361-381.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 361.pdf

Abstract: The characteristics of Indian and Chinese patenting activity in the US patent system are examined by delineating two categories of patents; ‘nationally assigned’, and ‘invented not nationally assigned’ patents (not-nationally assigned patents in short). Further within the above two categories, patents are distinguished and analysed in terms of patent types: utility, design, and plant patents. Indian patents are mainly of utility type whereas China’s activity falls in both utility and design. In the `nationally assigned’ patents, the different types of institutions involved and linkages are much higher for China. However, ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents of both the countries are dominated by industry and inter-institutional collaborations are sparse. Patents addressing technology sectors (analysis based on utility patents) do not exhibit major differences between the two categories in Chinese patents and address with varying degree all technology sectors. Unlike China, India’s `nationally assigned’ patents are concentrated in chemical and drugs & medical whereas their ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents are similar to that of China in addressing technology sectors. In design patents, Chinese `nationally assigned’ patents mainly cover ornamental design of lighting equipments whereas their ‘not-nationally assigned’ patents are mainly in design equipment for production, distribution or transformation of energy. Further, few firms are active in design patents in both the categories. India’s design activity is insignificant in both the categories. The paper concludes by examining the results in the policy context.

Keywords: Analysis, China, Collaborations, Design, Differences, Drugs, Energy, Falls, India, Indicators, Industry, Medical, Patent, Patents, Performance, Plant, Policy, Statistics, United-States, US

? Christoffersen, M. (2004), Identifying core documents with a multiple evidence relevance filter. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 385-394.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 385.pdf

Abstract: A method to identify core documents within a given subject domain has been developed by the author. The method builds on the concept of polyrepresentation by using different search rationales in several databases and isolating the overlaps between them. This paper delineates the ideas behind the method and describes the study done to measure its effectiveness.

Keywords: Author, Citation Retrieval, Databases, Effectiveness, Overlaps, Searches

Glänzel, W. and Thijs, B. (2004), Does co-authorship inflate the share of self-citations? Scientometrics, 61 (3), 395-404.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 395.pdf

Abstract: In recent papers, the authors have studied basic regularities of author self-citations. The regularities are related to the ageing, to the relation between self-citations and foreign citations and to the interdependence of self-citations with other bibliometric indicators. The effect of multi-authorship on citation impact has been shown in other bibliometric studies, for instance, by Persson et al. (2004). The question arises whether those regularities imply any relation between number of co-authors and the extent of author self-citations. The results of the present paper confirm the common notion of such effects only in part. The authors show that at the macro level multi-authorship does not result in any exaggerate extent of self-citations.

Kretschmer, H. and Aguillo, I.F. (2004), Visibility of collaboration on the Web. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 405-426.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 405.pdf

Abstract: The emerging influence of new information and communication technologies (ICT) on collaboration in science and technology has to be considered. In particular, the question of the extent to which collaboration in science and in technology is visible on the Web needs examining. Thus the purpose of this study is to examine whether broadly similar results would occur if solely Web data was used rather than all available bibliometric co-authorship data. For this purpose a new approach of Web visibility indicators of collaboration is examined. The ensemble of COLLNET members is used to compare co-authorship patterns in traditional bibliometric databases and the network visible on the Web. One of the general empirical results is a high percentage (78%) of all bibliographic multi- authored publications become visible through search of engines in the Web. One of the special studies has shown Web visibility of collaboration is dependent on the type of bibliographic multi-authored papers. The social network analysis (SNA) is applied to comparisons between bibliographic and Web collaboration networks. Structure formation processes in bibliographic and Web networks are studied. The research question posed is to which extent collaboration structures visible in the Web change their shape in the same way as bibliographic collaboration networks over time. A number of special types of changes in bibliographic and Web structures are explained.

? Lamirel, J.C., Al Shehabi, S., Francois, C. and Polanco, X. (2004), Using a compound approach based on elaborated neural network for Webometrics: An example issued from the EICSTES project. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 427-441.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 427.pdf

Abstract: This paper present a compound approach for Webometrics based on an extension the self-organizing multimap MultiSOM model. The goal of this new approach is to combine link and domain clustering in order to increase the reliability and the precision of Webometrics studies. The extension proposed for the MultiSOM model is based on a Bayesian network-oriented approach. A first experiment shows that the behaviour of such an extension is coherent with its expected properties for Webometrics. A second experiment is carried out on a representative Web dataset issued from the EISCTES IST project context. In this latter experiment each map represents a particular viewpoint extracted from the Web data description. The obtained maps represented either thematic or link classifications. The experiment shows empirically that the communication between these classifications provides Webometrics with new explaining capabilities.

Keywords: Communication, Information, Map, Model, Network, Neural Network, Precision, Reliability, Webometrics

Meyer, M. and Bhattacharya, S. (2004), Commonalities and differences between scholarly and technical collaboration. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 443-456.

Full Text: S\Scientometrics61, 443.pdf

Abstract: Co-authorship analysis is a well-established tool in bibliometric analysis. It can be used at various levels to trace collaborative links between individuals, organisations, or countries. Increasingly, informetric methods are applied to patent data. It has been shown for another method that bibliometric tools cannot be applied without difficulty. This is due to the different process in which a patent is filed, examined, and granted and a scientific paper is submitted, refereed and published. However, in spite of the differences, there are also parallels between scholarly papers and patents. For instance, both papers and patents are the result of an intellectual effort, both disclose relevant information, and both are subject to a process of examination. Given the similarities, we shall raise the question as to which extent one can transfer co-authorship analysis to patent data.

? Uzun, A. (2004), Assessing internationality of scholarly journals through foreign authorship patterns: The case of major journals in information science, and scientometrics. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 457-465.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 457.pdf

Abstract: This article reports findings from a study of patterns of foreign authorship of articles, and international composition of journal editorial boards in five leading journals in the field of information science, and scientometrics. The study covers an American journal and four European journals. Bibliographic data about foreign authors and their national affiliation from five selected years of publication were analyzed for all journals. The foreign input of articles were extremely high in Information Processing & Management, and Scientometrics, and were relatively low in the other three journals. The number of foreign countries contributing in all journals have increased rapidly since 1996. Canada, England, Belgium, Netherlands, China, and Spain were the countries with high contributions in JASIST. The authors from the USA have dominated the foreign-authored articles in all European journals. A simple linear regression analysis showed that 60% of variation in the proportion of foreign-authored articles in the set of five journals over the selected years could be explained by the percentage of foreign members on the editorial boards of the journals.

Keywords: Affiliation, Analysis, Authors, Authorship, Belgium, Bibliographic, Bibliometric Analysis, Canada, China, Editorial-Boards, England, Information, Information Science, Journal, Journals, Linear Regression, Low, Management, Publication, Regression Analysis, Scholarly Journals, Science, Scientific Journals, Scientometrics, Spain, USA, Women

? Vaughan, L.W. (2004), Exploring website features for business information. Scientometrics, 61 (3), 467-477.

Full Text: 2004\Scientometrics61, 467.pdf

Abstract: Two previous webometrics studies found a relationship between the number of inlinks to a commercial site and the company’s business performance measures. Thus inlink counts to commercial sites could be a potential source of business information. However, those studies examined top ranking information technology companies in the U.S. and China. Whether the above-mentioned relationship holds for all companies regardless of ranking and in other countries is unknown. The study reported in this paper investigated this question. The study includes all information technology companies in the U.S. and Canada and gathered both business performance data and website data for these companies. It found significant correlation between business performance measures and inlinks to the company websites. The correlation was still significant even after the size of the company and the website age were accounted for. The conclusion is robust to the search engine used for data collection. Data collection issues for webometrics research were also explored.

Keywords: Bias, Canada, China, Data Collection, Information, Information Technology, Links, Performance Measures, Ranking, Research, Sites, Web Impact Factors, Webometrics, Websites

? Wagner, C.S. (2005), Six case studies of international collaboration in science. Scientometrics,