Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 107.pdf

Abstract: The standardization of distribution fitting procedures is recommended also in informetrics. We examined the possibility of that standardization when fitting the Zipf-Mandelbrot (ZM) distribution. After propositions of possible steps of standardization, we stress the unique role of maximum likelihood estimates concerning the chi-square goodness-of-fit tests. We touch upon the possible correlation between the parameters of the ZM distribution. A numerical example demonstrates the method and the results.

Keywords: Distributions, Diversity, Laws, Maximum-Likelihood, Species Abundance

? Hemlin, S. (2006), Creative knowledge environments for research groups in biotechnology. The influence of leadership and organizational support in universities and business companies. Scientometrics, 67 (1), 121-142.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 121.pdf

Abstract: This study analysed how leadership and organizational support (LOS) influences creative knowledge environments for research groups in biotechnology. A questionnaire distributed to 90 (97% responding) university and business company researchers resulted in that leadership was rated higher than organizational support. First, leaders were more important to creativity than organizational support. Secondly, LOS differed to a limited extent between members and leaders, universities and business companies and excellent and less excellent groups. Thirdly. working freedom was rated higher in universities than in business companies. Fourthly, group members perceived they were more encouraged to think freely in comparison to their group leaders. Finally, innovation goals were more pronounced in excellent than less excellent groups.

Keywords: Group Innovation, Team Climate Inventory

? Schildt, H.A. and Mattsson, J.T. (2006), A dense network sub-grouping algorithm for co-citation analysis and its implementation in the software tool Sitkis. Scientometrics, 67 (1), 143-163.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 143.pdf

Abstract: Clustering algorithms are used prominently in co-citation analysis by analysts aiming to reveal research streams within a field. However, clustering of widely cited articles is not robust to small variations in citation patterns. We propose an alternative algorithm, dense network sub-grouping, which identifies dense groups of co-cited references. We demonstrate the algorithm using a data set from the field of family business research and compare it to two alternative methods, multidimensional scaling and clustering. We also introduce a free software tool, Sitkis. that implements the algorithm and other common bibliometric methods. The software identifies journal-, country- and university-specific citation patterns and co-citation groups, enabling the identification of ‘invisible colleges.’.

Keywords: Articles, Bibliometrics, Economics, Entrepreneurship, Indicators, Journals, Scholars, Science, Strategic Management Research, Word Analysis

? Rousseau, R. (2006), Measurement and statistics on science and technology. 1920 to the present. Scientometrics, 67 (1), 165-166

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 165.pdf

? Rousseau, R. and Rousseau, S. (2006), Remarks concerning the Liberman-Wolf bonding number. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 167-173.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 167.pdf

Abstract: The Libernian-Wolf bonding number can not be considered as an acceptable measure for the internal bonding of a research group or community. This is shown by a construction where adding the same number of articles with the same number of co-authors to two existing groups (with a given number of articles with one or two collaborators) reverses the original order in these groups’ bonding numbers.

Keywords: Collaboration

? Dang, Y. (2006), Fluctuation analysis of discipline development based on impact factor. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 175-186.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 175.pdf

Abstract: Based on the impact factors of the journals recorded by JCR from 1998 to 2003, this paper established the fluctuation model for discipline development. According to the Fluctuation Strength Coefficient, then we gave analysis and evaluation of developing trends of the disciplines in recent years.

? Melo, A.S., Bini, L.M. and Carvalho, P. (2006), Brazilian articles in international journals on limnology. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 187-199.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 187.pdf

Abstract: We assessed the contribution of Brazilian limnologists (freshwater ecologists) in international journals in the period 1970-2004. Brazilian contribution was low and regular in the 1970’s, but increased steeply after 1980 with no signs of stabilization until the present. Articles authored by Brazilians tend to be less cited than articles authored by non-Brazilians, although this difference is reduced in co-authored articles with international researchers. Brazilian articles are not distributed homogenously among the sub-areas of Limnology, but present some biases that can be explained by intellectual legacy. Brazil has invested since the 1970’s in establishing postgraduate courses in Brazil and in the last years has turned the focus to a better qualification of these courses. We believe these are the main reasons for the conspicuous development of Brazilian Limnology.

Keywords: Human-Resources, Impact, Period, Publications, Science

? Yu, G., Guo, R. and Yu, D.R. (2006), The influence of the publication delay on journal rankings according to the impact factor. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 201-211.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 201.pdf

Abstract: The inter-citation journal group is defined as a group of journals with inter-citation relations. In this paper, according to the 2003 JCR, an inter-citation relation matrix of 10 medical journals is established. Based on the transfer function model of the disturbed citing process, the calculation formula of journal impact factor disturbed by publication delays of certain journal in the group is deduced and a changing process of every journal’s impact factor caused by the increase of each journal’s average publication delay is simulated. In the inter-citation journal group, when a journal’s publication delay increase, impact factors of all journals will be decreased and rankings of journals according to the impact factor may be changed. The closer a citation relation between two journals, the stronger the interaction of them and the larger the decrease of their impact factors caused by the increase of their publication delays.

Keywords: Literature Publishing Process

? García-Aracil, A., Gracia, A.G. and Pérez-Marín, M. (2006), Analysis of the evaluation process of the research performance: An empirical case. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 213-230.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 213.pdf

Abstract: In this paper we analyze the objectivity of the peer review process of research performance by research groups in the scientific and technological Valencian system, over the period 1998-2002. For that purpose, we use qualitative and quantitative indicators to assess which of them are the most important to determine a research group as excellent one, based on peer review evaluation methodology. The results show that excellence appears to be driven only by publications in SCI, SSCI and the number of sexenios, and suggest that the peer review process is not as objective as we expected.

Keywords: Academic Research, Impact, Innovation, Knowledge, Research Assessment Exercise, Research Productivity, Science, Scientific Excellence, System, UK

? Leydesdorff, L. and Hellsten, I. (2006), Measuring the meaning of words in contexts: An automated analysis of controversies about ‘Monarch butterflies,’ ‘Frankenfoods,’ and ‘stem cells’. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 231-258.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 231.pdf

Abstract: Co-words have been considered as carriers of meaning across different domains in studies of science, technology, and society. Words and co-words, however, obtain meaning in sentences, and sentences obtain meaning in their contexts of use. At the science, society interface, words can be expected to have different meanings: the codes of communication that provide meaning to words differ on the varying sides of the interface. Furthermore, meanings and interfaces may change over time. Given this structuring of meaning across interfaces and over time, we distinguish between metaphors and diaphors as reflexive mechanisms that facilitate the translation between contexts. Our empirical focus is on three recent scientific controversies: Monarch butterflies, Frankenfoods, and stem-cell therapies. This study explores new avenues that relate the study of co-word analysis in context with the sociological quest for the analysis and processing of meaning.

Keywords: Chemistry, Co-Words, Dynamics, Indicators, Knowledge, Metaphors, Model, Networks, Science, Similarity Measures

? Glänzel, W., Debackere, K., Thijs, B. and Schubert, A. (2006), A concise review on the role of author self-citations in information science, bibliometrics and science policy. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 263-277.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 263.pdf

Abstract: The objective of the present study is twofold: (I) to show the aims and means of quantitative interpretation of bibliographic features in bibliometrics and their re-interpretation in research policy, and (2) to summarise the state-of-art in self-citation research. The authors describe three approaches to the role of author self-citations and possible conflicts arising from the different perspectives. From the bibliometric viewpoint we can conclude that that there is no reason for condemning self-citations in general or for removing them from macro or meso statistics, supplementary indicators based on self-citations are, nonetheless, useful to understand communication patterns.

Keywords: Indicators, Macro, Scientific Literature

? Nelson, M.J. (2006), Visualization of citation patterns of some Canadian journals. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 279-289.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 279.pdf

Abstract: In order to easily see the citation patterns of a journal or subject area it is very useful to use a graphical diagram to visualize all the connections between journals. Using data derived from the Journal Citation Reports, this study investigates the visualization of citation patterns for three Canadian journals in three different subject areas: library and information science, psychology and mathematics.

? Vaughan, L., Gao, Y.J. and Kipp, M. (2006), Why are hyperlinks to business Websites created? A content analysis. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 291-300.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 291.pdf

Abstract: Motivations for the creation of hyperlinks to business sites were analyzed through a content analysis approach. Links to 280 North American IT companies (71 Canadian companies and 209 U.S. companies) were searched through Yahoo!. Then a random sample of 808 links was taken from the links retrieved. The content as well as the context of each link was manually examined to determine why the link was created. The country location and the type of the site where the link came from were also identified. The study found that most links were created for business purposes confirming findings from early quantitative studies that links contain useful business information. Links to competitors were extremely rare but competitors were often co-linked, suggesting that co-link analysis is the direction to pursue for information on competitive intelligence.

Keywords: Impact, Information, Links, Web

? Wolfram, D. (2006), Applications of SQL for informetric frequency distribution processing. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 301-313.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 301.pdf

Abstract: Many informetric data types lend themselves to ready adaptation to relational DBMS environments for storage and processing. SQL, the standard language used for constructing and querying relational databases, provides useful tools for processing informetric data. The author demonstrates the applications and some limitations of SQL for efficient organization and tabulation of raw informetric data.

? Glänzel, W. (2006), On the h-index - A mathematical approach to a new measure of publication activity and citation impact. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 315-321

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 315.pdf

Keywords: Citation, h Index, h-Index, Impact, Publication, Publication Activity, Ranking, Scientists

? Burrell, Q.L. (2006), The use of Lotka functions and systematic sampling. Scientometrics, 67 (2), 323-325

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 323.pdf

Keywords: Law

? Suárez-Balseiro, C., Sanz-Casado, E. and Ortiz-Rivera, L. (2006), Patterns of international scientific co-operation in Puerto Rico. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 335-350.

Abstract: Scientific activity has been increasing in Puerto Rico in recent years, a development mirrored not only by the amount of papers published, but by the international links established for scientific co-operation. The purpose of the present study is to identify and discuss the patterns of such cooperation, along with the trends in scientific research conducted in that context at Puerto Rican institutions. The methodology includes an analysis of the main areas of research addressed, defined as the area of specialization of the journals publishing papers indexed in the Science Citation Index (CD-ROM version) from 1980 to 1999. A total of 7271 studies, appearing ill 1240 scientific journals, were selected to study the co-operation established between Puerto Rican institutions and organizations in other countries. The findings showed a high rate of international co-operation: 46.07% of the papers published were co-authored by researchers from other countries. The country accounting for the highest percentage of joint research was the USA, followed by Germany, United Kingdom, Canada and Italy. The close relationship between the Puerto Rican and US scientific systems is not unusual, inasmuch as the economic and sociopolitical bonds between them play an essential role in Puerto Rican scientific activity. The results also revealed substantial differences between the nineteen eighties and the nineties in terms, of the nature of the links established, as well as growing internationalization of scientific research conducted on the island over the twenty-year period studied.

Keywords: Co-Authorship, Journals, Link Indicator, Profiles, Research Collaboration, Science, Small Country, Time

? Wetterer, J.K. (2006), Quotation error, citation copying, and ant extinctions in Madeira. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 351-372.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 351.pdf

Abstract: Many authors have written about how exotic ants invaded the Atlantic islands of Madeira and negatively impacted or even completely exterminated its native ants, despite the lack of first hand observations concerning such impact. I examine how quotation error (misrepresentation of previous work) and citation copying (citing unexamined publications referred to by others) led to the origin and spread of the erroneous story of ant extinctions in Madeira. Quotation error and citation copying may be more common than most scientists realize, particularly when authors cite references that are written in languages they do not understand.

Keywords: Argentine, Articles, Authors, Citation, Error, First, Formicidae, Hymenoptera, Impact, Iridomyrmex-Humilis, Island, Languages, Origin, Ortega-Hypothesis, Pheidole-Megacephala, Publications, Quotation, Quotation Error, References, Work

? Thelwall, M., Barjak, F. and Kretschmer, H. (2006), Web links and gender in science: An exploratory analysis. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 373-383.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 373.pdf

Abstract: Gender inequalities are prevalent in science despite many initiatives to try to eradicate them. Given the deep-rooted and complex nature of these inequalities there is a continuing need for research into their causes and manifestations. This study analyses one aspect of web communication, hyperlinks, to explore whether they are a potential source of insights into gender differences in this important scientific communication medium. A study of links to life sciences research groups in nine European found little evidence of gender differences, except in Germany. As a consequence, it is argued that hyperlinks are not a promising source of quantitative information about gender differences in communication strategies or online visibility, at least for senior researchers or research groups.

Keywords: Computer-Mediated Communication, Impact Factors, Scientists, Site Interlinking, Women

? Robert, C., Wilson, C.S., Gaudy, J.F. and Arreto, C.D. (2006), A snapshot of EU publications in sleep research: A scientometric survey. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 385-405.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 385.pdf

Abstract: A bibliometric analysis of the literature covering a one-year period (2003) was performed it) evaluate the number of scientific publications on sleep and its distribution among the European Union countries. 912 articles appearing in Life Sciences and Clinical Medicine journals indexed in the Institute for Scientific Information databases were downloaded. These articles were authored by EU researchers, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy rank at the top of the EU countries. The output distribution of the most productive EU countries are also presented and discussed. Despite the limitations of the methods used, the present results give all interesting snapshot of the EU publishing behavior in sleep research.

Keywords: Adults, Consequences, European-Union, Journals

? Rivellini, G., Rizzi, E. and Zaccarin, S. (2006), The science network in Italian population research: An analysis according to the social network perspective. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 407-418.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 407.pdf

Abstract: The scientific community organises its relationships into network patterns, where the nodes are individuals (scientists) and the links are acquaintance and common work, usually presented at workshops and conferences and, or published in books and scientific journals. A references review on Population Studies by Italian scientists is delivered every two years by the Demography Section of the Italian Statistical Society, the review is exhaustive for academic demographers. In this paper, the properties of the demographers’ network in 1998-1999 are evaluated. with the aim of identifying factors which may influence collaborative relations among actors. The probability of cooperation between couples (dyads) of demographers is modelled, conditionally oil observed characteristics of the dyad (sex, academic position, university affiliation). Main results suggest that ‘closeness’, defined in a wider sense and not simply as geographical proximity, plays a major role in determining actors’ relationships.

Keywords: Patterns

? Huang, M.H., Chang, H.W. and Chen, D.Z. (2006), Research evaluation of research-oriented universities in Taiwan from 1993 to 2003. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 419-435.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 419.pdf

Abstract: Publications have been regarded as the most significant output indicating the research performance of universities. This paper uses ISI Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database to investigate the academic performance of research-oriented universities in Taiwan, adopting the bibliometric method from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. The data cover the time span for 11 years from 1993 to 2003. The performance indicators applied in this study includes the number of papers, the number of citations, the average citations per paper, the number of highly cited papers, the number of hot papers, and the number of top papers. The research performance and the strength of those universities are revealed in this study, and it is found that National Taiwan University leads among these universities though each university still shows strengths in various specific fields.

Keywords: Bibliometric Methods, Departments Research, Highly Cited Papers, Indicators, Publications, Research Performance

? Atallah, G. and Rodriguez, G. (2006), Indirect patent citations. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 437-465.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 437.pdf

Abstract: Patent citations are extensively used as a measure of patent quality. However, counting citations does not account for the fact that citations come from patents of different qualities, and that citations are of variable qualities. We develop a citation index which takes into account the cumulative quality of the citing patents. We apply this index to the 2,139,314 utility patents granted in the U.S. between 1975 and 1999. We study the properties of this index by year and by technological category, and analyse the links between patents.

Keywords: Indicators, Maximum-Likelihood Methods, Models

? Kumari, L. (2006), Trends in synthetic organic chemistry research. Cross-country comparison of Activity Index. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 467-476.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 467.pdf

Abstract: Chemistry is accepted as the central science since it encompasses the great divide between Physics and Biology with linkages to many othert disciplines. But recent emergence of other interdisciplinary sciences likes biomedicine, molecular biology, biotechnology etc. are overshadowing chemical research. Still one of the subfields of chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry (SOC) retained its importance as it is a part of new drug discovery and is the basis of bulk of chemical industry. Scientometric evaluation of world’s research output in Synthetic Organic Chemistry has been quantified for two periods spans 1989-1993 and 1998-2003. The global trends in publication output are mapped and a cross-country comparison of the relative activity in the subspecialty is examined. The Activity Index trend reveals that though quantitatively USA, Japan and European nations produce more publications, their Activity Index recorded a declining trend and leads to the conclusion that these nations are shifting their interest towards other emerging specialties. Asian countries, having recorded a linear increase in tile Activity Index show that synthetic organic chemistry is still their priority.

Keywords: Indicators, Physics, Universities

? Patra, S.K. and Mishra, S. (2006), Bibliometric study of bioinformatics literature. Scientometrics, 67 (3), 477-489.

Full Text: 2006\Scientometrics67, 477.pdf

Abstract: Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary and comparatively new area of science that has made a significant impact within a short period. A systematic analysis of the rise in bioinformatics literature is, however, not available. This study analyses the growth of the scientific literature in this area as available from NCBI PubMed using standard bibliometric techniques. Bradford’s law of scattering was used to identify core journals and Lotka’s law employed to analyze author’s productivity pattern. Study also explored publication type, language and the Country of publication. Twenty core journals were identified and the primary mode of dissemination of information was through journal articles. Authors with single publication were more predominant (73.58%) contrary to that predicted by Lotka’s law. The study provides useful information to scientists wishing to undertake work in this area.

Keywords: Lotkas Law, Science, Scientific Productivity

Notes: highly cited

? Van Raan, A.F.J. (2006), Comparison of the Hirsch-index with standard bibliometric indicators and with peer judgment for 147 chemistry research groups. Scientometrics,