Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 87.pdf

Abstract: Bio-pharmaceutical R&D is increasingly an international affair. Research articles published in the peer-reviewed international scientific and technical journals represent quantifiable research outputs of bio-pharmaceutical firms. Large-scale systemic measurements of worldwide trends and sectoral patterns within bio-pharmaceutical science can be gauged from these articles, where coauthored research papers are assumed to reflect research cooperation and associated knowledge flows and exchanges. We focus our attention on the largest science-based multinational enterprises (MNEs), those that produce relatively large quantities of research articles. The study deals with the worldwide output of research articles that are co-produced by corporate researchers during the years 1996-2001. We employ these publications to examine structural factors characterizing research cooperation networks within industry at the level of major geographical regions (North America, Europe, Pacific-Asia), with a breakdown by within-MNE and between-MNE network linkages. The descriptive statistics on publication output and results of network analyses of co-publication linkages not only indicate regional differences, with a central role for US companies in biopharmaceutical research, but also a variety of firm-specific research cooperation networks which enabled us to develop a tentative typology of MNEs in terms of their intra- and interorganizational patterns of research cooperation linkages.

Keywords: Attention, Bibliometric Analysis, Breakdown, Enterprises, Europe, Flows, Journals, Knowledge, Measurements, Networks, North America, Organization, Output, Publication, Publications, Regional, Research, Research Articles, Research-and-Development, Role, Science, States, Statistics, Trends, Typology, US

? Chen, D.Z., Lin, W.Y.C. and Huang, M.H. (2007), Using essential patent index and essential technological strength to evaluate industrial technological innovation competitiveness. Scientometrics, 71 (1), 101-116.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 101.pdf

Abstract: The aim of this article is to develop new patent indicators for evaluating technological innovation competitiveness between companies. A novel indicator representing an industrial’s patent performance, Essential Patent Index (EPI), was developed by incorporating information on who cited these patents and when these patents were cited, based on the assumption that both contribute to meaningful quality assessment. By combining EPI and Chi’s well known Technological Strength (TS) indicator, a second novel indicator Essential Technological Strength (ETS) was developed to represent the innovation competitiveness of an individual company. In this study, patent performance of three high-tech industries in Taiwan were analyzed using ETS as well as the traditional TS for comparison. Results from this analysis demonstrated that ETS provided better insights by clearly verifying the latent influence of citations, reinforcing the impact of essential patents, and aggrandizing the differences of innovation competitiveness between companies.

Keywords: Analysis, Assessment, Citations, ETS, Flows, Impact, Index, Indicator, Indicators, Industrial, Information, Performance, Quality, Taiwan

? Ramos, R., Royuela, V. and Surinach, J. (2007), An analysis of the determinants in Economics and Business publications by Spanish universities between 1994 and 2004. Scientometrics, 71 (1), 117-144.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 117.pdf

Abstract: The objective of this study consists, firstly, of quantifying differences between Spanish universities’ output (in terms of publications and citations), and secondly, analysing its determinants. The results obtained show that there are factors which have a positive influence on these indicators, such as having a third-cycle programme, with public financing obtained in competitive selection procedures, having a large number of full-time researchers or involvement in collaborations with international institutions. However, other factors which appear to have the opposite effect were also noted. These include a higher number of students per lecturer or a lower proportion of lecturers with recognised six-year periods.

Keywords: Analysis, Constraints, Departments, Efficiency, Financing, Incentives, Indicators, Institutions, Management, Output, Productivity, Rankings, Research Output, Scientific Performance, Selection, Students, US

? Neuhaus, C., Litscher, A. and Daniel, H.D. (2007), Using scripts to streamline citation analysis on STN International. Scientometrics, 71 (1), 145-150.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 145.pdf

Abstract: The database host STN International allows for extensive citation analysis in the SCISEARCH database (Science Citation Index Expanded) and in the CAplus database (Chemical Abstracts). Along with its powerful browsing, searching and analyzing facilities, STN International also features scripts. In this paper we examine the usefulness of the script language in the automation of citation analysis in SCISEARCH and CAplus.

Keywords: Analysis, Automation, Features, Language, Online Databases, Paper, Searching

? Chen, T.J., Chen, Y.C., Hwang, S.J. and Chou, L.F. (2007), The contribution of Hong Kong to China’s international scientific publications. Scientometrics, 71 (1), 151-154

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 151.pdf

Keywords: Clinical-Research, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Hong Kong, Science

? Braun, T., Diospatonyi, I., Zador, E. and Zsindely, S. (2007), Journal gatekeepers indicator-based top universities of the world, of Europe and of 29 countries - A pilot study. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 155-178

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 155.pdf

Keywords: Europe, Science Indicators, Universities

Anuradha, K.T. and Urs, S.R. (2007), Bibliometric indicators of Indian research collaboration patterns: A correspondence analysis. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 179-189.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 179.pdf

Abstract: International collaboration is becoming an increasingly significant issue in science. During the last few years, a large number of bibliometric studies of co-authorships have been reported. Mostly, these studies have concentrated on country-to-country collaboration, revealing general patterns of interaction. In this study we analyze international collaborative patterns as indicated in the Indian publications by tracking out multi author publications as given in Science Citation Index (SCI) database. Correspondence analysis is used for analysis and interpretation of the results. According to correspondence analysis of the data set, Physics, Chemistry, Clinical medicine are the first, second and third largest subjects having international collaboration. USA, Italy, Germany, France, England are the top five countries with which India is collaborating. The data set shows an association between Physics and Italy, Switzerland, Algeria, Finland, South Korea, Russia, Netherlands contrasting an association between Biology & Biochemistry, Immunology, Ecology & Environment, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary subjects and England, Japan, Canada. It also shows an association between Agriculture and Philippines, Canada, Denmark in contrast to an association between Chemistry and Malaysia, Germany, France. An association between Clinical medicine, Astrophysics and England, Sweden, USA, New Zealand in contrast to an association between Agriculture and Canada, Philippines, Denmark is shown. An association between Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science, Neuroscience and Singapore, Canada, USA in contrast to an association between Chemistry, Astrophysics and Malaysia, Spain is shown. This association of collaborating countries and disciplines almost tallies with the publication productivity of these countries in different disciplines.

Keywords: 48 Countries, Analysis, Bibliometric, Bibliometric Studies, Canada, Collaboration, Correspondence Analysis, Denmark, England, Finland, France, General, Germany, India, Indicators, Interaction, International Collaboration, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Medicine, New Zealand, Philippines, Productivity, Publication, Publications, Research, Research Collaboration, Russia, SCI, Science, Science Citation Index, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tracking, USA

? Krampen, G., Becker, R., Wahner, U. and Montada, L. (2007), On the validity of citation counting in science evaluation: Content analyses of references and citations in psychological publications. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 191-202.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 191.pdf

Abstract: In reference to the increasing significance of citation counting in evaluations of scientists and science institutes as well as in science historiography, it is analyzed empirically what is cited in which frequency and what types of citations in scientific texts are used. Content analyses refer to numbers of references, self-references, publication language of references cited, publication types of references cited, and type of citation within the texts. Validity of citation counting is empirically analyzed with reference to random samples of English and German journal articles as well as German textbooks, encyclopedias, and test-manuals from psychology. Results show that 25% of all citations are perfunctory, more than 50% of references are journal articles and up to 40% are books and book-chapters, 10% are self-references. Differences between publications from various psychological sub-disciplines, publication languages, and types of publication are weak. Thus, validity of evaluative citation counting is limited because at least one quarter refers to perfunctory citations exhibiting a very low information utility level and by the fact that existing citation-databases refer to journal articles only.

Keywords: Evaluation, Information, Language, Low, Motivations, Psychological, Psychology, Publication, Publications, Quality, Science, United-States, Utility, Validity

? Davis, P.M. and Fromerth, M.J. (2007), Does the arXiv lead to higher citations and reduced publisher downloads for mathematics articles? Scientometrics, 71 (2), 203-215.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 203.pdf

Abstract: An analysis of 2,765 articles published in four math journals from 1997 to 2005 indicate that articles deposited in the arXiv received 35% more citations on average than non-deposited articles (an advantage of about 1.1 citations per article), and that this difference was most pronounced for highly-cited articles. Open Access, Early View, and Quality Differential were examined as three non-exclusive postulates for explaining the citation advantage. There was little support for a universal Open Access explanation, and no empirical support for Early View. There was some inferential support for a Quality Differential brought about by more highly-citable articles being deposited in the arXiv. In spite of their citation advantage, arXiv-deposited articles received 23% fewer downloads from the publisher’s website (about 10 fewer downloads per article) in all but the most recent two years after publication. The data suggest that arXiv and the publisher’s website may be fulfilling distinct functional needs of the reader.

Keywords: Access, Analysis, Functional, Impact, Lead, Publication, Recent, Support

? Sangam, S.L., Savanur, K. and Manjunath, M. (2007), Communication and collaborative research pattern of Sivaraj Ramaseshan: A scientometric portrait. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 217-230.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 217.pdf

Abstract: S. Ramaseshan has contributed for the better understanding of various subjects in which he specialized during his years at the Indian Institute of Science, University of Madras and the Raman Research Institute. In this paper we would like to emphasis on his scientific contributions in various journals and some classic papers. In his entire career as a scientist he has collaborated with 47 eminent scientists and students and has published a total of 178 papers during the years 1944-2000. His field of interest has been varied and thus classified into 4 main area, i.e.: Crystallographic studies, Magneto-optics & Optics, Solid State Physics and Miscellaneous topics.

Keywords: Journals, Paper, Research, Students

? Hudson, J. (2007), Be known by the company you keep: Citations - quality or chance? Scientometrics, 71 (2), 231-238.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 231.pdf

Abstract: We examine the determinants of five year citations to papers published in the American Economic Review and the Economic Journal. Citations are positively related to page length and position in the journal. Both of these variables are consistent with the hypothesis that citations reflect paper quality, as is the number of subsequent self-citations. However, the publication of a major paper, as judged by subsequent citations, significantly increases the citations of other papers in an issue and this indicates the importance of chance in determining citations.

Keywords: Economics Departments, Importance, Journals, Paper, Position, Publication, Quality, Rankings, Trends, US

? Rodriguez, V., Janssens, F., Debackere, K. and De Moor, B. (2007), Do material transfer agreements affect the choice of research agendas? The case of biotechnology in Belgium. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 239-269.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 239.pdf

Abstract: In this paper we examine whether and to what extent material transfer agreements influence research agenda setting in biotechnology. Research agendas are mapped through patents, articles, letters, reviews, and notes. Three groups are sampled: (1) documents published by government and industry which used research materials received through those agreements, (2) documents published by government and industry which used in-house materials, (3) documents published by academia. Methodologically, a co-word analysis is performed to detect if there is a difference in underlying scientific structure between the first two groups of documents. Secondly, interviews with practitioners of industry and government are intended to capture their opinion regarding the impact of the signed agreements on their own research agenda choices. The existence of synchronic and diachronic common terms between co-word clusters, stemming from the first two groups of publications, suggests cognitive linkage. Moreover, interviewees generally do not consider themselves constrained in research agenda setting when signing agreements for receiving research materials. Finally, after applying a co-word analysis to detect if the first group of documents overlaps with the third group we cannot conclude that agreements signed by industry and government affect research agenda setting in academia.

Keywords: Access, Affect, Analysis, Belgium, Clusters, Co-Word Analysis, Economics, Genetic Inventions, Group, Groups, Impact, Innovation, Interviews, Materials, Models, Network, Paper, Patents, Policy, Publications, Research, Reviews, Science, Structure, Transfer

? Imperial, J. and Rodriguez-Navarro, A. (2007), Usefulness of Hirsch’s h-index to evaluate scientific research in Spain. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 271-282.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 271.pdf

Abstract: The applicability of Hirsch’s h index (Hirsch, 2005) for evaluating scientific research in Spain has been investigated. A series of derivative indexes that take into account: i) the overall low scientific production in Spain before the’ 80s, ii) differences among areas due to size (overall number of citations for publications in a given area), and iii) the number of authors, are suggested. Their applicability has been tested for two different areas in the Biological Sciences. The proposed set of indexes accurately summarizes both the success and evolution of scientists’ careers in Spain, and it may be useful in the evaluation of other not well established national scientific research systems.

Keywords: Careers, Citations, Evaluation, Evolution, h Index, h-Index, Hirsch, Impact, Publications, Ranking, Research, Scientific Production, Scientific Research, Size, Spain

? Sombatsompop, N., Markpin, T., Buranathiti, T., Ratchatahirun, P., Metheenukul, T., Premkamolnetr, N. and Yochai, W. (2007), Categorization and trend of materials science research from Science Citation Index (SCI) database: A case study of ceramics, metallurgy, and polymer subfields. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 283-302.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 283.pdf

Abstract: This article offers information on the characteristics and number of materials research articles indexed in the Science Citation Index (SCI) database in the year of 2004. 22,843 articles in full-text forms from 169 journals from the materials field (which included ceramics, metallurgy, and polymer journals) were retrieved from the SCI database and exported to EndNote software. The retrieved articles were carefully analyzed by eight scientists and experts in those subfields and categorized using SPSS into eight different categories, being (1) New materials, (2) Materials characterizations, (3) Materials improvement, (4) New process and/or process improvement, (5) Mathematical and theoretical models and/or computer simulations, (6) Novel and comprehensive explanations, (7) Testing conditions, and (8) Comparative studies, whose definitions were clearly indicated. The results were then considered in terms of the percentage of the number of articles in each materials subfield, country of corresponding author, and number of authors. The overall results suggested that, most materials articles published in 2004 were focused on new process and process improvement (27%), while materials characterizations (23%) and testing conditions (12%) took the 2nd and 3rd places, especially for the ceramics and polymer articles. The highest numbers of articles in the ceramics and polymer subfields were focused on new processes and/or process improvement, and those for the metallurgy subfield were on materials characterization. In the SCI database, the largest number of materials articles was authored from Asian scientists although the majority of the materials journals were run by editors from Europe in North America/Canada continents. There was no coherent relationship between the authors’ and editors’ affiliations. China, Japan and the United States of America (USA) were shown to be the top three countries which had the highest publication numbers in the materials field. Japan had the highest publication numbers in the ceramics subfield while China possessed most publications in polymer and metallurgy subfields. However, when considering the journal impact factors, the leading positions of the countries changed. The results from this work could assist materials scientists to select suitable international journals in relevant association with the contents of their to-publish works. Finally, it was noted that most material research articles were written by 3-4 authorships.

Keywords: Asian, Case Study, Ceramics, Characterization, China, Europe, Impact, Impact Factors, Information, Japan, Materials, Models, Polymer, Process, Publication, Publications, Research, Research Articles, SCI, Science, Science Research, Software, Testing, Trend, United States, USA

? Tijssen, R.J.W. (2007), Africa’s contribution to the worldwide research literature: New analytical perspectives, trends, and performance indicators. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 303-327.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 303.pdf

Abstract: This paper examines general characteristics of African science from a quantitative ‘scientometric’ perspective. More specifically, that of research outputs of Africa-based authors published in the scientific literature during the years 1980-2004, either within the international journals representing ‘mainstream’ science, or within national and regional journals reflecting ‘indigenous science’. As for the international journals, the findings derived from Thomson Scientific’s Citation Indexes show that while Africa’s share in worldwide science has steadily declined, the share of international co-publications has increased very significantly, whereas low levels of international citation impact persist. A case study of South African journals reveals the existence of several journals that are not processed for these international databases but nonetheless show a distinctive citation impact on international research communities.

Keywords: Case Study, Characteristics, Citation, Communities, Databases, Developing-Countries, General, Impact, Indicators, Journals, Levels, Low, Output, Paper, Performance, Performance Indicators, Regional, Research, Science, Scientific Activity, South-Africa, Technological Capabilities, Third-World, Trends

? Pouris, A. (2007), Is fundamentalism a threat to science? Evidence from scientometrics. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 329-338.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 329.pdf

Abstract: This article aims to provide scientometric evidence in order to confirm or refute the statement that the ‘rise in literalist religious thinking in the 1990s devastated science in the Islamic world by promoting the idea that all knowledge could be found in the Koran’ published in a Special Report in the New Scientist and to map the literature related to fundamentalism over time and space during the last ten years. We find that despite the rise of fundamentalism, science was thriving in eight Islamic countries (Iran, Jordan, Indonesia, Egypt, Turkey, Malaysia, Morocco, and Pakistan) during the period and hence the statement is refuted. The mapping of the ‘fundamentalist’ literature indicates that there are a constant number of articles per year (60 to 70) covering disciplines ranging from religion and sociology to political sciences and international relations. The center of research is revealed to be the Anglo-Saxon world with epicenter the USA. Finally, we identify that the debate of fundamentalism versus science is in an embryonic stage.

Keywords: Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Knowledge, Malaysia, Mapping, Order, Pakistan, Religion, Research, Science, Sciences, Scientometrics, South-Africa, Thinking, Turkey, USA

? Yu, G. and Li, Y.J. (2007), Parameter identification of the observed citation distribution. Scientometrics, 71 (2), 339-348.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 339.pdf

Abstract: Based on the transfer function model of the observed citation distribution and the expression of the cumulative citation probability distribution, parameters of 12 citation distributions are identified from statistical data of age distributions of references of 10 journals in JCR using the parameter optimization fitting method. At same time, based on the steady state solution of differential equations of the publication delay process and data of publication delays of 10 journals, the publication delay parameters of every journal are identified using the fitting method. Identified parameters of every journal citation distribution are compared with the journal’s publication delay parameters and some valuable conclusions are deduced.

Keywords: Age, Differential, Distribution, Distributions, Function, Identification, Model, Optimization, Parameters, Probability, Process, Publication, Publication Delays, Steady-State, Transfer

? Buela-Casal, G., Gutiérrez-Martínez, O., Bermúdez-Sánchez, M.P. and Vadillo-Muñoz, O. (2007), Comparative study of international academic rankings of universities. Scientometrics, 71 (3), 349-365.

Full Text: 2007\Scientometrics71, 349.pdf

Abstract: International academic rankings that compare world universities have proliferated recently. In accordance with latter conceptual and methodological advances in academic rankings approaches, five selection criteria are defined and four international university rankings are selected. A comparative analysis of the four rankings is presented taking into account both the indicators frequency and its weights. Results show that, although some indicators differ considerably across selected rankings and even many indicators are unique, indicators referred to research and scientific productivity from university academic staff have a prominent role across all approaches. The implications of obtained data for main rankings consumers are discussed.

Keywords: Academic, Analysis, Comparative Analysis, Consumers, Fatal Attraction, Indicators, Journals, Productivity, Rankings, Research, Role, Scientific Productivity, Scientometrics, Selection, Universities, Weights

? Jappe, A. (2007), Explaining international collaboration in global environmental change research. Scientometrics,