Title: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

Title: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

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? Yunus, M.B. (2008), Central sensitivity syndromes: A new paradigm and group nosology for fibromyalgia and overlapping conditions, and the related issue of disease versus illness. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 37 (6), 339-352.

Abstract: Objectives: To discuss the current terminologies used for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and related overlapping conditions, to examine if central sensitivity syndromes (CSS) is the appropriate nosology for these disorders, and to explore the issue of disease versus illness. Methods: A literature search was performed through PUBMED, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect using a number of keywords, eg, functional somatic syndromes, somatoform disorders, medically unexplained symptoms, organic and nonorganic, and diseases and illness. Relevant articles were then reviewed and representative ones cited. Results: Terminologies currently used for CSS conditions predominantly represent a psychosocial construct and are inappropriate. On the other hand, CSS seems to be the logical nosology based on a biopsychosocial model. Such terms as “medically unexplained symptoms,” “somatization,” “somatization disorder,” and “functional somatic syndromes” in the context of CSS should be abandoned. Given current scientific knowledge, the concept of disease-illness dualism has no rational basis and impedes proper patient-physician communication, resulting in poor patient care. The concept of CSS is likely to promote research, education, and proper patient management. Conclusion: CSS seems to be a useful paradigm and an appropriate terminology for FMS and related conditions. The disease-illness, as well as organic/non-organic dichotomy, should be rejected. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Central Sensitivity Syndromes, Chronic Widespread Pain, Chronic-Fatigue-Syndrome, Communication, Coronary-Artery-Disease, Disease, Disease Versus Illness, Education, Fibromyalgia, Functional, Functional Somatic Syndromes, Functional Somatic Syndromes, Hand, Irritable-Bowel-Syndrome, Knowledge, Literature, Management, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Methods, Model, Overlapping, Overlapping Syndromes, Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Pressure-Pain Thresholds, Psychosocial, Pubmed, Research, Science, Sensitivity, Somatization, Symptoms, Tension-Type Headache, Web of Science

? Kalichman, L., Bannuru, R.R., Severin, M. and Harvey, W. (2011), Injection of botulinum toxin for treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, 40 (6), 532-538.

Abstract: Objectives: Lateral epicondylitis can be chronic and difficult to manage with conservative measures such as physical therapy and corticosteroid injection. We attempted to determine the efficacy of botulinum toxin for the treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis. Methods: We searched PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, EMBASE, PEDro, and ISI Web of Science databases from inception until November 2009. Studies were included if they used any formulation of botulinum toxin A for treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis and reported at least 1 pain outcome. One author extracted the relevant data using a standardized data extraction sheet and a second author checked the data. We performed a meta-analysis by computing effect sizes for each study separately for pain and grip strength at 3 months after injection. Impact of bias was assessed independently by 2 authors. Results: The search found 10 studies relevant to the question. Four of these were randomized controlled trials that could be pooled in a meta-analysis. Results showed a moderate effect for pain favoring botulinum toxin (effect size -0.5, 95% CI -0.9, -0.1, I(2) = 56%) at 3 months and a no effect for grip strength. Qualitative analysis of the studies that could not be pooled also showed improvement in pain, but was limited by potential bias. Conclusions: Present literature provides support for use of botulinum toxin A injections into the forearm extensor muscles (60 units) for treatment of chronic treatment-resistant lateral epicondylitis. It is minimally invasive and can be performed in an outpatient setting. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Semin Arthritis Rheum 40:532-538.

Keywords: Analysis, Author, Authors, Bias, Botulinum Toxin A, Chronic Radial Epicondylitis, Clinical-Trials, Corticosteroid, Databases, Double-Blind, Efficacy, Embase, Google Scholar, Grip Strength, Impact, ISI, Isi Web of Science, Lateral Epicondylitis, Literature, Medline, Meta-Analysis, Methods, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Myofascial Pain, Outcome, Pain, Physical Therapy, Prevalence, Pubmed, Randomized Controlled Trials, Randomized Controlled-Trial, Review, Science, Strength, Systematic, Systematic Review, Tennis Elbow, Tennis Elbow, Therapy, Treatment, Trigger Points, Upper-Limb

Title: Seminars in Dialysis

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? Bennett, P.N., Breugelmans, L., Barnard, R., Agius, M., Chan, D., Fraser, D., McNeill, L. and Potter, L. (2010), Sustaining a hemodialysis exercise program: A review. Seminars in Dialysis, 23 (1), 62-73.

Abstract: This article reviews the literature addressing exercise programs for dialysis patients to identify elements necessary for sustaining exercise programs in this population. Literature searches for publications (January 1980-February 2009) in MEDLINE (OVID), PUBMED, CINAHL (EBSCO), EBSCOhost EJS, ProQuest Central, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Springer-Link (Kluwer), and Wiley Interscience (Blackwell) were performed. Reference lists from relevant articles were hand-searched for further publications. Criteria for inclusion included full-text primary research and review articles focused on exercise for adult hemodialysis patients. One hundred and seventy one publications were found with a primary focus on exercise in hemodialysis. of these, 28 primary research and 14 review articles addressed one or more aspects of sustainability of hemodialysis exercise programs. Factors contributing to sustainable exercise programs included: dedicated exercise professionals; encouragement to exercise intradialytically; dialysis and medical staff commitment; adequate physical requirements of equipment and space; interesting and stimulating; cost implications need to be addressed; exercise is not for everyone; requires individual prescription; and there is no age barrier to exercise on hemodialysis.

Keywords: Adult, Blood-Pressure, Cochrane, Controlled-Trial, Dialysis, Dialysis Patients, Exercise, Factors, Google Scholar, Hemodialysis, Intradialytic Exercise, Literature, Maintenance Hemodialysis, Medical, Medical Staff, Patients, Patients Receiving Hemodialysis, Physical-Activity Levels, Primary, Publications, Pubmed, Quality-Of-Life, Rehabilitation Program, Research, Review, Science, Stage Renal-Disease, Web of Science