Personal Research Database

Title: Tectonophysics

ISO Abbreviated Title: Tectonophysics

JCR Abbreviated Title: Tectonophysics

ISSN: 0040-1951

Issues/Year: 24

Journal Country/Territory: Netherlands

Language: Multi-Language

Publisher: Elsevier Science BV

Publisher Address: PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands

Subject Categories:

Geochemistry & Geophysics: Impact Factor 1.393, 17/45 (2000)

Pinar, A. (1998), Source inversion of the October 1, 1995, Dinar earthquake (M_s = 6.1): A rupture model with implications for seismotectonics in SW Turkey. Tectonophysics, 292 (3-4), 255-266.

Full Text: T\Tectonophysics292, 255.pdf

Abstract: An earthquake of M_s = 6.1 devastated the town of Dinar (SW Turkey, population 35,000) on October 1, 1995, killing 90 people and destroying 30% of the town. The earthquake generated complex body-waveforms varying with azimuth at teleseismic distances. The method of complex body-waveform inversion developed by Kikuchi and Kanamori (1991) was used to infer a source process for the earthquake. Two subevents were necessary to explain the observed seismic records. The inversion result suggests that the Dinar earthquake initiated at the SE end of the Dinar fault with a subevent of seismic moment M_o = 0.5×10¹⁸ Nm. Six seconds later, the second subevent took place about 10 km to the northwest of the first subevent with a seismic moment a few times larger than the first. The CMT depths of the first and second subevents were found to be 10 and 15 km, respectively. Both subevents had a predominantly normal faulting mechanism with slip-vectors oriented NE-SW, showing good agreement with the velocity-vectors obtained from the recent SLR and GPS studies as well as with the regional stress orientation obtained from geological data. The main shock was preceded by foreshock activity concentrated at the SE end of the Dinar fault where the first subevent took place, while the aftershock activity was concentrated in the vicinity of the second subevent. The spatial distribution of the foreshock and the aftershock activities and the locations of the subevents suggest that the first subevent broke an asperity and the second subevent broke a barrier on the fault, following the definition by Aki (1984) of an asperity and barrier earthquake model. About 10 km of surface ruptures were associated with the earthquake while the estimates yield a rupture length of 25 km. The calculated source parameters of the subevents and their locations suggest that the surface ruptures were probably associated with the first subevent. The estimates also show that the rupture zones of the two subevents overlapped where the maximum vertical displacement was observed.

Haslinger, F., Kissling, E., Ansorge, J., Hatzfeld, D., Papadimitriou, E., Karakostas, V., Makropoulos, K., Kahle, H.G. and Peter, Y. (1999), 3D crustal structure from local earthquake tomography around the Gulf of Arta (Ionian region, NW Greece). Tectonophysics, 304 (3), 201-218.

Full Text: T\Tectonophysics304, 201.pdf

Abstract: During summer of 1995 local seismicity was recorded in the area around the Gulf of Arta in northwestern Greece by a dense temporary seismic network. of the 441 local events observed at 37 stations, 232 well locatable events with a total of 2776 P-phase readings were selected applying the criteria of a minimum of 6 P-observations and an azimuthal gap less than 180 degrees. This data set is used to compute a minimum 1D velocity model for the region. Several tests are conducted to estimate model stability and hypocenter uncertainties, leading to the conclusion that relative hypocenter location accuracy is about 500 m in latitude and longitude and 1 km in depth. The minimum 1D velocity model serves as initial model in the non-linear inversion for three-dimensional P-velocity crustal structure by iteratively solving the coupled hypocenter-velocity problem in a least-squares sense. Careful analysis of the resolution capability of our data set outlines the well resolved features for interpretation. The resulting 3D velocity model shows generally higher average crustal velocities in the east, and the well resolved area of the eastern Gulf of Arta exhibits a homogeneous velocity around 6 km/s for the whole upper crust, A pronounced north-south trending zone of low velocities in the upper 5-10 km is observed in the area of the Katouna fault zone (KFZ), At greater depths (below 10 km) the KFZ is underlain by high-velocity material. E-W profiles suggest a horst-graben structure associated with the KFZ.

Title: Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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: Impact Factor

Notes: highly cited (> 1000)

? Raich, J.W. and Schlesinger, W.H. (1992), The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate. Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 44 (2), 81-99.

Full Text: 1992\Tel Ser B-Che Phy Met44, 81.pdf

Abstract: We review measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems to define the annual global CO2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation on soil respiration rates. The annual global CO2 flux from soils is estimated to average (+/- S.D.) 68 +/- 4 PgC/yr, based on extrapolations from biome land areas. Relatively few measurements of soil respiration exist from arid, semi-arid, and tropical regions; these regions should be priorities for additional research. On a global scale, soil respiration rates are positively correlated with mean annual air temperatures and mean annual precipitation. There is a close correlation between mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of different vegetation biomes and their mean annual soil respiration rates. with soil respiration averaging 24% higher than mean annual NPP. This difference represents a minimum estimate of the contribution of root respiration to the total soil CO2 efflux. Estimates of soil C turnover rates range from 500 years in tundra and peaty wetlands to 10 years in tropical savannas. We also evaluate the potential impacts of human activities on soil respiration rates, with particular focus on land use changes, soil fertilization, irrigation and drainage, and climate changes. The impacts of human activities on soil respiration rates are poorly documented, and vary among sites. Of particular importance are potential changes in temperatures and precipitation. Based on a review of in situ measurements, the Q10 value for total soil respiration has a median value of 2.4. Increased soil respiration with global warming is likely to provide a positive feedback to the greenhouse effect.