Питання, на які необхідно дати короткі (відкриті) відповіді

Task 1.5

A His mouth was diseased, and he bared his teeth aggressively. I was not quite sure what to do.

B The fishermen, who had seen all of this, were laughing so much that they could hardly stand up.

C The boat stopped some way from the beach, so we had to swim to the shore. The monkeys did not seem to be afraid of us, so we assumed that they must be used to humans coming to see them.

D Suddenly the monkey leapt down from the tree, so I ran down the beach as fast as possible with the monkey at my heels. In the end I only managed to escape by running into the sea, leaving the monkey on the beach behind me.

E During the trip, the fishermen told us that there were a lot of monkeys on a beach only a few miles away. We asked if they could take us there, and half an hour later, we arrived. F I went off down the beach on my own. I came up to a tree in which there was a much larger monkey unlike the others, he did not seem to be at all friendly.

Task 2.1

A The Earl of Sandwich was the head of the English Navy in the American War of Independence. He loved playing cards and he didn't like stopping for lunch. So in 1762 he invented a snack made of two pieces of bread with something in the middle. What was it called? Of course, sandwich!

B 150 years ago in England, mothers and fathers in poor families had to go out to work in factories. There was no time to shop and cook. So they bought fast food in the street. The most popular was fried fish with a piece of bread. Then in the 1870s something new came from France — pommes de terre a la mode. The English called them "chips". Soon there were fish'n'chip shops everywhere in working-class areas. They used to put your fish'n'chips in an old newspaper — with a lot of salt and vinegar on top. Today fish'n'chips are still very popular in Britain — but they come, in clean white paper bags!

C The word hamburger comes from the German city Hamburg. In the Hamburg area the Tartars first made a sort of hamburger in the Middle Ages. They used to. sit on pieces of meat when they rode horses; so the meat came out flat! But the Americans invented the modern hamburger about 100 years ago. Now they forget the origin of the word — and make cheeseburgers, fishburgers, beefburgers, eggburgers ... in fact anythingburgers!

D Long thin sausages come from Frankfurt in Germany. They are called "frankfurters". Put one in bread, and it becomes a "hot dog". Why? Well, the sausage looks like a long thin German dog, a "dachshund". Add chilli, and it tastes hot!

1. 
   What did the Earl of Sandwich like? playing cards
   
2. 
   When was a snack made of two pieces of bread with something in the middle invented?
   
3. 
   What is the name of the snack described in text A?
   

4 What did the English call pommes de terre a la mode which came from France?

5 Where did the English put fish'n'chips?

6- What city does the word hamburger come from?

7. 
   What did the Tartars use to sit on when they rode horses?
   
8. 
   What was invented by the Americans about 100 years ago? .
   
9. 
   What is the name for long thin sausages?
   
10. 
    Because of what does a hot dog taste hot? __
    

Task 2.2

Coca-Cola

1. 
   The Coca-Cola story begins in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1886. John S. Pemberton invents a new drink. Two of the ingredients are the South American coca leaf and the African cola nut.
   
2. 
   Pemberton can't think of a good name for the drink. Finally, Dr Pemberton's partner Frank M. Robinson suggests the name Coca-Cola and writes the new name in a special way — and that becomes the famous trademark.
   
3. 
   Thirty years later the famous Coca-Cola bottle design first appears. The style of the bottle and the trademark are very important for the success of the drink.
   
4. 
   For many years, they make only Coca-Cola. They only introduce new drinks — Fanta, Sprite and TAB — in the 1960s, and diet Coke in 1982.
   
5. 
   The recipe of Coca-Cola is a secret. In 1985 the company does something almost incredible. They change the recipe! But the public is very unhappy. And, soon after, they bring back the original recipe: "Coca-Cola Classic".
   
6. 
   Today they sell Coca-Cola in 195 countries. Hundreds of millions of people, from Boston to Beijing, drink it every day. It has the most famous trademark in the world.
   

B Failure of the drink

C Recipe of Coca-Cola

D Ingredients of Coca-Cola

E Original drink

F New drinks

G Name of the drink

H The most famous trademark

Task 2.3

Health insurance can be very expensive. Some working people do not make enough money to pay for it. (0) This program offers people health insurance at a low cost.

Families are charged about $7.00 a month per child for this health insurance. (1) Having health insurance is very important. With insurance people can see a doctor when they are sick or hurt.

The cost of this program is low. (2) People say that it still costs too much money.

They need all their money for food and rent.

(3) People are working hard to come up with ways to make this happen. One idea is to make the Healthy Families Program free for some people.

It is important for people to see a doctor when they need to. The Healthy Families Program makes it possible for more people to do this. (4) Hopefully, some of them will allow even more families to get health insurance.

A Many people are still not enrolling in it.

B Many ideas are being considered.

C The state started a program called Healthy Families.

D It would be great if everyone could have health insurance.

E Health insurance is not important.

F This is much less money than buying insurance any other way.

0	1	2	3	4
c

Score: 4 points

Task 2.4

Knowing how to read is very important. Reading helps you (0 Many people want to get more children, adults, and families to read.

A special program was created to help others (1) . This program is a tour that (2)

It gets people watching it to be a part of it. The program puts on a show that (3) . It has two funny people putting on a show. They go to schools all over California (4) .

One of the things they do is a game show with someone in the audience. That person has to answer questions about books (5) . They (6) if they get the questions right.

The show is a part of a program that (7) . It wants to get as many people involved in reading as they can. They are planning to travel to many different places.

A and perform

B . learn about reading

C win a prize

D is 20 minutes long

E travels a lot

F and reading

G costs a lot of money

H understand things

I goes to different places

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
H

Score: 7 points

Task 2.5

A I naturally thought long and hard about what to wear. In the fashion business, of course, you were expected to be smart. The question was whether to be businesslike, or fashionable.

B In the end, I decided to wear my most expensive clothes. These were a pair of boots, a pair of fashion jeans which had cost me a week's salary, a hand-made sweater and a coat. I was not very satisfied with my appearance, but at least everything was new and expensive.

C The job sounded interesting: with a fashion house in the city centre. The telephone conversations I had had with them were' relaxed and friendly, and the letter from the boss had also been a friendly one.

D Then he caught sight of me. He shook his head apologetically, and smiled. Sorry, he said, the house rules were quite clear. No one in jeans would be admitted.

E There was something else to think about, too. I had to get there by train and bus. The journey was over two hours, and that affects the clothes you choose.

F He had invited me to visit the office and join some of them for lunch. The appointment was at twelve o'clock.

G The boss was just as friendly as his letter had been. We looked round the offices, chatted about the business, and finally went out for lunch.

H I led the way out, and we started looking for somewhere else to eat.

I In fact, I realized on my arrival that I had chosen exactly the wrong clothes. The men in the office were wearing dark suits and ties. The women were in business suits.

J They had chosen a smart restaurant nearby, where the boss was quite well known. The restaurant manager greeted him by name.

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
c

Score: 9 points

TEST 3

Task 3.1

1937

1945

They get paper boxes and bags for the hamburgers. They put the price down from 30 cents to 15 cents. They cut the menu down from 25 things to only 9. There are no more waiters — it is self-service. So it is cheaper and faster. And they have windows all around the kitchen — so everyone can see it is clean. Parents start bringing their children to the restaurant. Poor families eat at a restaurant for the first time.

1960s

The McDonald's company opens hundreds of McDonald's restaurants all over the States.

They open restaurants in Japan, Germany and Australia.

Now...

the McDonald's company opens a new restaurant every 8 hours! There are more than 14,000 restaurants in over 70 countries. The largest restaurant is in Beijing in the People's Republic of China and the smallest in Ginza, Tokyo. The northernmost restaurant in Fairbanks, Alaska and the southernmost in Gibson, New Zealand.

1. 
   What kind of restaurant did the McDonald brothers open? drive-in
   
2. 
   Where was the first McDonald's open?
   

2. 
   How many waiters did they have in the middle of the 40s?
   
3. 
   When did McDonald's become a self-service restaurant?
   
4. 
   What was the price of hamburgers in 1948?
   

5. 
   Where did the company open its restaurants at the beginning of the 70s?
   
6. 
   How often does the McDonald's company open a new restaurant?
   
7. 
   What city is the biggest restaurant located in? j
   
8. 
   What food is served in every country?
   
9. 
   What is the name for salmon burger?
   

Task 3.2

1. 
   The "green revolution" to feed hungry people in the developing world has a new star, scientist said Monday: the hairy potato.
   
2. 
   Most potatoes are easily damaged by pests, said scientist K.V. Raman. The hairy potato fights them off. The hairs emit a sticky substance that traps and kills small insects as they eat or reproduce. The potato also poisons larger insects.
   
3. 
   This build-in defense makes the new potato easier to grow. It will require fewer insecticides, which will be good for farmers and the environment.
   
4. 
   "Potatoes are the fourth most important food crop in the world," said Raman. He works at the International Potato Center in Lima, Peru. The Center recently won the International Agricultural Research Award. It was honored for 20 years of work to develop safe pest management.
   
5. 
   Cornell Prof. Robert Plaisted said the new potato is "the best method yet to fight insects is a broad way". He said the material on the potato hairs will control pests from 50 percent to 95 percent.
   

There are authorities that take care of many schools. They make decisions for lots of people. (0)

These authorities wanted to have Pepsi

In some of their schools, they sold drinks. (1)

Cola the only soft drink in these machines.

The authorities knew that the selling of soft drinks would bring in a lot of money for them. They would also sell bottled water. (2)

But some parents did not like the plan. They thought that ads would be allowed in the schools. (3) They were worried that the drinks had too much sugar and no good calories.

Both sides wanted to keep talking about it. (4) The authorities would switch from Coca Cola to Pepsi Cola very soon.

A People were not interested in their decisions at all.

B They also thought that students who drank the soft drinks would not be very healthy.

C These were soft drinks that were sold from a machine.

D They were getting together to study the problem more.

E One decision they made was not liked by all of the people.

F There would also be fruit juices.

0	1	2 •	3	4
E

Score: 4 points

Task 3.4

Many people are concerned about the health of children in the USA. One big problem is that children are (0) . Being overweight is a problem (1) . People are less productive when they weigh too much. They also have more health issues (2) _.

One thing that makes people overweight is eating too much junk food. Chips, candy and sugary snacks are called (3) . Junk food is not healthy for people. It can make them overweight. Most junk food contains (4) . When children have too much fat and sugar in their diets, they can become overweight or (5) .

Teenagers and children eat a lot of junk food. Some studies say that teenagers drink soda every day and eat (6) . They also eat a lot of junk food.

The governor of California wants children to be healthier. He held a special summit meeting (7) . He invited several other health groups, as well as children. He talked to the children (8) . He asked them to exercise more and to stay away from junk food.

The governor also took a walk with the children. We wanted to show them (9) . He asked the students for a commitment to stay healthy.

The governor also signed a new law. It limits the sale of junk food and soda in school cafeterias. Lawmakers hope that this new law will stop children (10) . so much junk food. They hope this will help make children healthier in the state.


A to drink water

B too much fast food

C when they are overweight

D to talk about the problem

E junk food

F that exercise can be fun

G that costs money

H from eating

I even obese

J about staying healthy

K becoming more overweight

L too much fat and sugar

Task 4.1

1. 
   Ernest Hemingway was born in Chicago in 1899. One of his first jobs was as a newspaper reporter in the First World War. In the 1920s he settled in Paris and began writing. His first famous novels were Fiesta, Men without Women and A Farewell to Arms, which deals with life in the First World War. Hemingway visited Spain during the Civil War, and described his experiences in the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls. In 1954 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea. Hemingway shot himself in 1961.
   
2. 
   Ray Bradbury is one of the greatest writers of science and horror fiction of the twentieth century. He was born in Illinois, USA in 1920. As a child he was already fascinated by monsters, dinosaurs and the "red planet", Mars. He started writing short stories at the age Of twelve, and by the 1940s he was making his living out of writing.
   

The date of birth

The first occupation in World War I
The age when he started writing short stories
The prize he was awarded with

The name of collection of stories set on Mars

Score: 5 points

1. 
   Janice Weinman of the American Association of University Women Researchers says, "Girls tend to be less comfortable than boys with the computer. They use it more for word processing rather than, for problem solving, rather than to discover new ways in which to understand information."
   
2. 
   After re-examining a thousand studies, the American Association of University-Women Researchers found that girls make up only a small percentage of students in computer, science classes. Girls consistently rate themselves significantly lower than boys in their ability and confidence in using computers. And they use computers less often than boys outside the classroom.
   
3. 
   The instructor of this computer lab says he's already noticed some differences. Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, "Boys are not so afraid they might do something that will harm the computer, whereas girls are afraid they might break it somehow."
   
4. 
   Six years ago, the software company Purple Moon noticed that girls' computer usage was falling behind boys. Karen Gould says, "The number one reason girls told us they don't like computer games is not because they're too violent, or too competitive. Girls just said they're incredibly boring."
   
5. 
   Purple Moon says it found what girls want: characters they can relate to and story lines relative to what's going on in their own lives. Karen Gould of Purple Moon Software says, "What we definitely found from girls is there is no intrinsic reason why they wouldn't want to play on a computer; it was just a content thing."
   
6. 
   The sponsor of the study says it all boils down to this, the technology gender gap that separates the girls from the boys must be closed if women are to compete effectively with men in the 21st century.
   

B Girls use computers for word processing

C Boys are not afraid to break a computer

D There are few girls in computer science classes

E Boys use computers less often than girls outside the classroom

F It's necessary to close the technology gender gap

G Boys and girls in the sixth grade class have similar access to computers

H In high schoolboys are less comfortable with the computer than girls

I' Computer games are not interesting for girls

0	1	2	3	4	5	6
G

Score: 6 points

Task 4.3

Leaves begin to change color, the air turns crisp — summer ends. (0 ) or are you immediately filled with joy? (1) But when back-to-school sales come in full swing and your thoughts turn to sharpening pencils, writing essays, graded papers and frustrating -classmates, do you sometimes ask, "Why is school important?"

Teachers or schoolmates can be difficult to deal with, tests can be hard, and mornings can feel too early. (2)

Yet your education is enormously important! (3) In fact, the second law of success is education. Knowledge you learn in class provides an important foundation for your life. Determine to gain everything you can from your time in school! (4)

A To be successful in life one must acquire a basic education.

B As you hear the word "school" for the first time after summer break, does it hit your ears like a hammer as your stomach drops and depression sets in?

C School is not easy, and some days it may be hard to climb out of bed and go to class.

D Most likely it is neither extreme.

E Your education is not important for you.

F It can be a wonderful opportunity to learn and develop character — if you take an active approach to your education.

Every morning, kids from a local high school are working hard. They (0) ________ special coffee at a coffee cafe. They are also making a lot of money. These students can make up to twelve hundred dollars a day. They are selling (1) to airplane passengers. After the students get paid, the rest of the money goes to helping a local youth project.

These (2) use a space in the Oakland airport. It is usually very crowded. Many people who fly on the planes like to drink the special coffee.

One customer thinks that the coffee costs a lot but it is good (3) . Most customers are pleasant (4) . They do not like it if the coffee cafe is not open for business.

The students earn $6.10 an hour plus tips. They also get school credit (5) how to run a business. Many of the students enjoy the work although it took some time to learn (6) .

They have to learn how to steam milk, load the pots, and add flavor. It takes some skill and sometimes (7) . The most common mistake is forgetting to add the coffee.

A and worth it

B while they learn

C their special coffee

D mistakes are made

E high school students

F how to do it

G are making and selling

H it is pleasant

I but some are unhappy

0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
G

Score: 7 points

Task 4.5

Your mood is greatly influenced by many factors, one of which is colour. Whether it is the colours that you see when you wake up in the morning, the ones that surround you during your daily routine, or the colours you choose to wear, they have a profound affect on your mood. The colours you choose to be surrounded by can also have an effect on others and the way they perceive you. The following nine colours, and the way they are perceived by yourself and others, may help to evaluate and change your mood.

Black is a disciplined colour that shows power and authority. It is a colour that can stand alone and make a profound statement. Showing strength and promoting independence, it is a very secure colour portraying security and longevity.

White Having a purifying influence, it's often thought to be an angelic colour. In combination with other colours, it brings a sense of life and vitality. Large amounts of energy are produced due to this colour. Often, it possesses an ability to unite people in differing situations.

Yellow is cheerful like the sunshine. It also increases energy levels. The brighter the shade of yellow, the more optimistic thoughts become. It is an expansive colour that promotes happiness. Yellow is often used in offices to promote creative, optimistic patterns of thinking.

Pink soothes oneself. Promoting affection, pink has the ability to stimulate conversation as it allows others to feel a need to comply with one another and come to a successful resolution.

Drawing out one's intuition, purple holds a sense of spirituality for many. While it possesses a large amount of mystery, this colour also has the power to comfort.

Blue is a relaxing, refreshing, and cooling colour. Peaceful moods filled with tranquil feelings are often a result of this colour. Therefore, blue is commonly used to decorate bathrooms and bedrooms. Some feel that blue is the colour of sleep, and being surrounded by this colour helps to put them at ease and fall asleep more easily.

Green encourages emotional growth by balancing, normalizing, and refreshing one's spirit. Being the colour of money, it can also create a feeling of wealth and security. As a natural, earthy colour, it may produce a feeling of hunger, which is why it is often used as an accent colour in kitchens and restaurants. |

Empowering and enlivening, red symbolizes passion. It stimulates emotions and dramatizes situations. Competition if often found where red is. Red is definitely an attention-getter.

Orange cheers, promoting conversation and charity. It also stimulates appetites, which is why it is commonly used as an accent colour in kitchens-and at restaurants. It is also known as a very commanding colour.

A This is a very mysterious colour.

B One's spirit can be refreshed with the help of this colour.

C This colour generates big amounts of energy.

D One's appetite can be stimulated due to this colour.

E This colour shows independence.

F How colours influence our mood.

G This colour stimulates relaxation and good sleep.

H Because of this colour people have more optimistic thoughts.

I This colour can stimulate emotions and passion.

J This colour helps to develop conversation with one another.

0	1	2	3	4.	5	6	7	8	9
F

Score: 9 points


TEST 5

Task 5.1

1. 
   Needed: Full time secretary position available. Applicants should have at least 2 years experience and be able to type 60 words a minute. No computer skills required. Apply in person at United Business Ltd., 17 Browning Street.
   
2. 
   Are you looking for a part time job? We require 3 part time shop assistants to work during the evening. No experience required, applicants should be between 18 and 26. Call 366-76564 for more information.
   
3. 
   Computer trained secretaries: Do you have experience working with computers? Would you like a full time position working in an exciting new company? If your answer is yes, give us a call at 367-75631.
   
4. 
   Teacher Neededi^ommy's Kindergarten needs 2 teachers/trainers to help with classes from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Applicants should have appropriate licenses. For more information visit Tommy's Kindergarten in Leicester Square No. 56.
   
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