Figure 9 Six-year (1999-2004) mean rainfall (mm day-1) from model; (a) HH, (b) HL, and (c) the observations from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). The model precipitation in (a) and (b) is re-gridded to the GPCP grids at 2.5*2.5. Precipitation greater than 13 mm day-1 is shaded in gray.
Figure 10 The seasonal variation of latitude of the maximum precipitation averaged between 50W-20W from the 6-year (1999-2004) monthly averages for (thick solid) the GPCP precipitation, (thin solid line) HH, and (thin dashed line) HL.
Figure 11 (a) Six-year mean SST in HH. (b-f) the mean difference with HL (HH minus HL) of (b) SST, (c) 10-m wind speed (shaded) and vectors, (d) net surface heat flux, (e) surface latent heat flux, and (f) net surface radiative flux. The negative (positive) in heat flux in cools (warms) the ocean.
Figure 12 (a) Seasonal cycle of monthly averaged SST (1999-2004) over 5N-25N, 50W-20W for (thick solid) the observations from TRMM SST, (thin solid) HH, and (thin dashed) HL. (b) Same as (a), except for the southern hemisphere in 5S-25S, 50W-20W. (c) Same as (a) except for the seasonal cycle of meridional gradient of SST anomaly. SST gradient is computed as the difference in SST anomaly in the northern extratropics (5N-25N, 50W-20W) and the southern extratropics (5S-25S, 50W-20W).
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