Proposed pebble bed modular reactorSECTION 2: ASPECTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY
During an outage about 50m³ of water per day is required.
Ideally, any PBMR plant should be built on sound bedrock. In the case of this site, drilling results show that such bedrock exists at a depth of some 20 to 22 m below ground level. This is particularly appropriate for the PBMR, since the design of the plant is such that it ideally requires to be embedded to a depth of some 22 to 25 m. The information regarding foundation conditions, was confirmed by information gathered during the construction of the Koeberg NPS.
Drilling results at the proposed site have shown that the local water table is some 5 m below ground level. Since the site is immediately adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean and about 8 meters above sea level, it must be assumed that during the excavation process, continuous dewatering of the area will be required via pumping. This dewatering will continue during construction, until such time as the building’s walls have reached ground level and backfilling of the excavation is completed. Thereafter the groundwater level will be left to resume normal levels. Except for the bottom one or two meters of partially fractured rock the material to be excavated will be compacted sand. No decisions have been made on methods of limiting water ingress to the excavation, or to the excavation methodology to be used. These are dependent on the evaluation of proposals to be received from civil engineering contractors and will be environmentally managed to acceptable levels in the EMP.
Access to the proposed site would be via the existing normal access routes to Eskom's KNPS, i.e. via the R27 Highway from the directions of either Cape Town or Saldanha Bay. Although a private Eskom owned road from Duynefontein to Koeberg exists, traversing through the Koeberg Nature Reserve, this route would be designated as off-limits to construction traffic, to and from the PBMR site. Shipments of equipment of normal mass for the demonstration plant would be imported via Cape Town harbour. In the case of components of extreme mass, route studies have shown that several of the road bridges between Cape Town harbour and the proposed site could not handle these loads. It is therefore proposed that these abnormal components be imported via Saldanha Bay harbour and transported to site by road via the R27 Highway. Surveys of this route show that that there is only one highway bridge, which would not be capable of handling the loads. The bridge can be bypassed via a temporary road.
It has been established that the cooling water supply for the demonstration plant will be taken from Koeberg's cooling water pump house, and that the heated water from the demonstration plant will be routed into Koeberg's thermal water discharge channel. This will result in PBMR not having to build new water intake and discharge structures, with a resultant considerable cost saving. Piping connections between the Plant and the Koeberg structures will, however, have to be provided.
Skilled labour is readily available in surrounding towns such as Atlantis, some 25 km from the site. Unskilled labour is readily available from any number of the townships surrounding Cape Town. In both cases, the mass transporting of this labour to and from site by PBMR contractors will be essential.
Being immediately adjacent to Eskom's KNPS, the proposed site of the demonstration Plant is ideal from a nuclear infrastructure point of view. Although it is planned that the demonstration plant will run independent of Koeberg, it will use some of Koeberg's facilities, such as Radiation Medicine and to some extent, the decontamination facilities.
The PBMR requirement for a 400 m radius exclusion zone around the demonstration Plant will have no additional effect on adjacent land use, since the entire area defined by such a radius falls well within Koeberg's existing and much larger exclusion zone.
During construction about 1 400 job opportunities will be created with emphasis on local recruitment. During operations about 40 permanent employees will be required to operate the proposed Plant. 1.8.2Output Data
The sewerage requirements for the demonstration plant are catered for by the existing Koeberg sewerage reticulation system. The sewerage flow is estimated at 140 m³ per month. The expected sewerage effluent is as indicated in Table 5. Table 5: Average Sewerage Effluent
The average volume of garbage/refuse on site is as indicated in Table 6: Table 6: Average Volume Of Garbage Removal
The demonstration plant’s ultimate heat sink system will be interfaced with the existing KNPS seawater basin. The seawater temperature at Koeberg is 18 °C (weighted maximum average). For a constant heat load of 158 MW for the module, a main closed circuit water flow rate of 1 300 litres per second, a closed circuit heat exchanger inlet water temperature of 50 °C, and a closed circuit heat exchanger outlet temperature of 21 °C, sea water at a rate of 1 700 litres per second is required. The seawater outlet temperature is 40 °C at this rate. Directory: system -> files files -> Haiti Relief – esf 15 Support Organization Situation Report # 17 1/28/10 files -> Haiti Relief – esf 15 Support Organization Situation Report # 16 1/27/10 files -> Right to Carbon or Right to Life: Human Rights Approaches to Climate Change files -> Enhancing interactive learning in the classroom with Turning Point files -> Curriculum vita files -> - files -> Acknowledgements files -> Nw, Washington D. C 20037 Telephone: (202)884-1080, (202)939-6125/7 files -> Grey-headed Flying-fox Management Strategy for the Lower Hunter Grey-headed Flying-fox Download 3.55 Mb. Share with your friends: |