Przykładowe Materiały Egzaminacyjne JĘzyk angielski poziom 3 Czytanie

Listening 46

I Iraq, what appears to be a mass grave has been uncovered in the Shiah holly city of Karbala. Reports say police and doctors called to the site have uncovered have uncovered the bodies of men, women and children. The remains are said to date back to the 1991. A restaurant owner in the city Ajed Marshall describe what was found.

Yesterday night, while workers of the Karbala sewage system were rehabilitating sewage in the city, one of the workers told me that they found bags filled with decomposed corpses and bones. Human rights committee came and took the bags.

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  And I’m joined now on the line by the BBC’s Krill Lawrence in Baghdad. And Krill, what more can you tell us?
  
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  Only that local government officials have told us that they’re certain these bodies came from the 1991 uprising. After Saddam Hussein’s army was expelled from Kuwait, there was an uprising both in the Shiah south and in the north. And this was put down quite violently. And as many as 30 000 people might have been killed in the repression and the reprisals against Shiahs who had rebelled against Saddam’s government.
  
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  And similar mass graves have been discovered, uncovered elsewhere in Iraq since the overthrow of Saddam Hussein.
  
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  That’s right, some of them didn’t really need to be discovered. Of course, when these thousands of people were put into graves back in 1991, the survivors, the people in these cites new where it was happening, they heard the bulldozers. And as soon as the regime fell, there was quite a chaotic scramble when people came out to these mass-grave sites and looked for any signs that perhaps their disappeared family member might have been there. There was no real security and people were going through the remains. Human rights lawyers and human rights groups have criticised that there was no security for the crime scene and it’s made it quite complicated to come up with evidence since Saddam Husain’s trial.
  

Engineers no longer seem to be at the centre of power in the way that they were in Britain a hundred and sixty years ago and the railway pioneer, John Stevenson, founded the still existing Institute of Mechanical Engineers. I asked the president of the Institute, Andrew Wives, about this apparently diminished modern day status of engineers and why it matters to us all.

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  You look at the miracles flying in an aeroplane or driving in a modern car. Can you imagine how you can possibly put all that technology into a car that cost twenty thousand pounds. It is incredible. And a modern aeroplane people just taken for granted but it’s a miracle of engineering. It’s not a miracle of anything else, not a miracle of economics or law. It’s a miracle of engineering. And we are surrounded by examples of that that people take no note of whatsoever.
  
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  Except that engineers are now backroom boys called out to fix things or to do projects and then put back in their boxes. They are no longer bestriding the world in the heroic way, resolving maybe unfixable problems such as they were in the nineteenth century when British engineering was in its prime.
  
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  You have touched on something there which, of course, is the public image of engineers. And here we lie in the UK with a very serious problem. The schools in particular do not indicate to their young children what engineering is cause, quite honestly, I don’t think they know. And the media, too, refers to engineers very often as being the people who come to fix your washing machine or your plumbing. And that is just not what engineers do at all. Engineers are visionary. They’re creative and they drive things forward in a way which the person who comes to fix your washing machine is merely a mechanic.
  

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  I drive a car that is capable of doing six thousand six hundred and three miles per gallon.
  
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  That’s not possible.
  
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  Well, I should start by saying it’s not roadworthy. We drive it in a competition, and we actually drive it for ten miles, and they extrapolate that into how many miles per gallon it could therefore do. However, it is perfectly possible, and we’re not actually using any massively innovative technology, and it’s designed and it’s build on a shoestring.
  

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  In my lab, we have got about thirty of us in all, and there are currently two female engineers.
  
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  That says something about women and engineering, doesn’t it?
  
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  It certainly does. I mean at the moment we’re still hovering around the twelve percent mark taking engineering degrees. And unfortunately, by the time you get into industry that reduces quite a lot.
  
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  Why?
  
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  There really is no reason why women can’t go into engineering, and they’re trying desperately to get more and more of us to do it. I think it’s actually partly because women in a way don’t always want to do an engineering job because of our nature. We’re interested in helping other people, and sometimes that doesn’t come through that that’s what an engineer does.
  
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  I shall put this rather delicately, but there’s nothing about a woman’s mind that makes her less able to be precise and systematic enough, and imaginative enough to be an engineer, is there?
  
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  There certainly isn’t as far as I understand it. I’m told that often engineering girls make the best engineers. The way we think is often very systematic, and we are often much more detailed, which is what you need in engineering.
  

Part 4

Listening 48

Gentlemen! On behalf of the central training units, I would like to welcome you to the Alpha training centre. I hope you find your accommodation satisfactory and you were able to have a good night’s sleep. Now, the reason that you’re all gathered here in this hall this morning is so that I can give you a short briefing before we begin this training programme which we have decided to call Exercise Clouds and Rain. Now, as you know, the purpose of Exercise Clouds and Rain is to prepare you and your unit for deployment oversees. First, I have to tell you that we have the great honour of receiving advice and guidance from the United Nations’ Training and Advisory Team know as UNTAT. That’s