[Psychological consequences of severe overweight in teenagers]
Predictors of health-related quality of life in a sample of children and adolescents: a school survey
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- BACKGROUND
- DESIGN: A cross-sectional design was chosen. METHOD
- CONCLUSION
- Victims of bullying in childhood and suicide attempts in adulthood.
- SUBJECTS AND METHODS
- DISCUSSION
- Are cyberbullies less empathic Adolescents cyberbullying behavior and empathic responsiveness.
Predictors of health-related quality of life in a sample of children and adolescents: a school survey.Haraldstad K, Christophersen KA, Eide H, Nativg GK, Helseth S. SourceOslo University College, Faculty of Nursing, Oslo, Norway. kristin.haraldstad@su.hio.no AbstractAIM:The aim is to study the health-related quality of life in a school sample of children and adolescents aged 8-18 years and to examine the relationship between health-related quality of life and the following variables; age, gender, perceived pain, body image, body mass index and bullying. BACKGROUND:The study of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents have received little attention compared with adults in health care research and still little is known about the associations between health-related quality of life and other variables. DESIGN:A cross-sectional design was chosen. METHOD:We measured the health-related quality of life using the generic questionnaire KIDSCREEN-10. We administered the KIDSCREEN 52-item, and the 10 items were selected from this according to the KIDSCREEN manual. Multilevel regression models were used to evaluate the associations between health-related quality of life and the independent variables. RESULTS:The sample included 1066 children and adolescents, 576 girls and 490 boys, with a response rate of 74%. The results show that body mass index was not significant associated with health-related quality of life in full model. However, in addition to age, being bullied, pain and body image were significant associated with health-related quality of life. Of these predictors, body image has the strongest impact in terms of explained variance in health-related quality of life. CONCLUSION:The subjective sense of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with one's body, perceived body image, is a powerful predictor of health-related quality of life. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE:Knowledge about predictors of health-related quality of life is especially important for public health nurses. Health promotion and intervention programmes that aim to strengthen psychosocial well-being, especially those that strengthen body image, should be developed for both genders. Eur Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;26(8):498-503. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.11.006. Epub 2011 Feb 9. Victims of bullying in childhood and suicide attempts in adulthood.Meltzer H, Vostanis P, Ford T, Bebbington P, Dennis MS. SourceDepartment of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, 22-28, Princess Road West, Leicester LE1 6TP, UK. hm74@le.ac.uk AbstractPURPOSE:To examine whether self-reported exposure to bullying during childhood is associated with suicide attempts over the life course, and if so, what mechanisms could account for this relationship. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:A random probability sample comprising 7461 respondents was interviewed for the 2007 survey of psychiatric morbidity of adults in Great Britain. Survey respondents were asked about suicidal attempts and whether they were bullied in childhood. RESULTS:Recall of being bullied in childhood decreased with age from 25% of 16-24-year-olds to 4% among those 75 or over with few differences in the proportions between men and women. Bullying co-occurred with several victimisation experiences including sexual abuse and severe beatings and with running away from home. Even after controlling for lifetime factors known to increase the risk of suicidal behaviour, adults who reported bullying in childhood were still more than twice as likely as other adults to attempt suicide later in life. DISCUSSION:Being the victim of bullying involves the experience of suffering a defeat and humiliation that in turn could lead to entrapment, hopelessness, depression and suicidal behaviour. CONCLUSIONS:Bullying is already known to be associated with substantial distress and other negative consequences and this further evidence of a strong correlation with the risk of suicide in later life should increase further the motivation of society, services and citizens to act decisively to reducebullying in childhood. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2011 Nov;14(11):643-8. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2010.0445. Epub 2011 May 9. Are cyberbullies less empathic? Adolescents' cyberbullying behavior and empathic responsiveness.Steffgen G, König A, Pfetsch J, Melzer A. SourceResearch Unit INSIDE, University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg. georges.steffgen@uni.lu AbstractMeta-analyses confirm a negative relationship between aggressive behavior and empathy, that is, the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. Based on theoretical considerations, it was, therefore, hypothesized that a lack of empathic responsiveness may be characteristic for cyberbullies in particular. In the present study, 2.070 students of Luxembourg secondary schools completed an online survey that included a cyberbullying questionnaire(4) and a novel empathy short scale. According to the main hypothesis, analyses of variances indicated that cyberbullies demonstrated less empathic responsiveness than non-cyberbullies. In addition, cyberbullies were also more afraid of becoming victims of cyberbullying. The findings confirm and substantially extend the research on the relationship between empathy and aggressive behavior. From an educational point of view, the present findings suggest that training of empathy skills might be an important tool to decrease cyberbullying. Can J Public Health. 2011 Nov-Dec;102(6):462-6. 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