39- It is implied in the passage that ………… . A) some factual books are not really worth reading
B) some authors purposely try to deceive their readers
C) a reader of factual material should be aware of the author's background
D) an author's point of view is less important than the facts he presents
E) there are always two ways of looking at facts
Medieval Christians confronted Muslims chiefly in military crusades, in Spain and the Holy land, and
in theology. From this encounter came the restoration of ancient learning to the West. The
Reconquista in Spain gradually pushed the Moors south from the Pyrenees, and among the treasures
left behind were Arabic translations of Greek works of science and philosophy. In 1085 the city of
Toledo, with one of the finest libraries in Islam, fell to the Christians. Among the occupiers were
Christian monks who quickly began the process of translating ancient works into Latin. By the end of
the 12th century, much of the ancient heritage was again available to the Latin West.
40-The topic of the passage is …………. . A) the military confrontation between Muslims and Christians
B) why Medieval Christians were ignorant of ancient learning
C) the cruelty of the war between Muslims and Christians
D) the great classical library of Toledo, Spain
E) how Medieval Christians benefited from their conquest of Moorish Spain
41- Some of the books in Arabic that Christians captured with the conquest of Toledo……… . A) also had copies written them written in Latin
B) contained invaluable information about the birth of Christianity
C) had originally been translated from Greek
D) had been seized from the Spanish by Muslims
B) helped Christians progress faster than the Islamic world
42- The passage implies that, over the years, ancient Europe ……….. . A) had become the most advanced part of the world
B) had adopted the Islamic science and philosophy
C) had surpassed the Islamic world in many areas
D)had had its heritage of ancient Greek science and philosophy stolen
E)had used Toledo as a centre of science and knowledge
As a biological concept, race refers to a large group of people who share certain inherited physical
characteristics. These characteristics may include particular skin colour, head shape, hair type, nose
shape or blood type. One common classification of races recognises three groups: Caucasoid,
Mongoloid and Negroids, all of whom have different coloured skin and other differing
characteristics. However, there are at least two important problems with such a classification of races.
First, some groups fit into none of these categories, like people of the Indian subcontinent who have
Caucasoid features but dark skin. The other problem is that, with so many intermarriages, there are no
pure races today.
