Research on the performance of the manufacturing sector
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Table of ContentsTable of Contents 2 List of figures 4 List of tables 7 Executive Summary 13 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT OBJECTIVES 16 Introduction 16 Project Objectives 16 SECTION 2: INTERNATIONAL MANUFACTURING ENVIRONMENT AND THE IMPORTANCE OF SMMES 18 Importance of manufacturing – International experience 18 International importance of SMMEs 20 SECTION 3: THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR 22 Background trends to the SA manufacturing sector 22 Gross fixed capital formation in the SA manufacturing sector 27 Employment in the manufacturing sector 29 Imports and exports in the manufacturing sector 32 Forward and Backward Linkages in the Manufacturing Sector 36 Provincial Manufacturing Activity 36 Forecasting in the Manufacturing Sector 37 Manufacturing Sector by Enterprise Size and Employment Contribution 38 SECTION 4: POLICY & PROGRAMMES ON MANUFACTURING 45 Introduction 45 The New Growth Path 45 Policies at a Provincial and Local Level 49 Provincial and Local Economic Development Strategies 51 SECTION 5: MANUFACTURING SUB SECTOR ANALYSIS 93 The Agro – Processing Subsector 93 The Automotive Subsector 99 The Plastic Subsector 109 The Chemicals Subsector 116 The Textile Subsector 131 The Metals Subsector 136 Wood Product, Publishing and Printing 143 Furniture 150 SECTION 6: RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS IN THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR 156 SECTION 7: TELEPHONIC PROFILING REPORT 164 7.1: Business Profiling 167 7.2: Awareness 180 7.3: Respondent Recommendations 186 SECTION 8: RECOMMENDATIONS AND POLICY INITIATIVES 188 Recommendations: Market Penetrations, Options and Strategies 191 Services and Product Market Sectors 193 Recommendations: Possible Working Relationships/Partnerships 194 SECTION 9: CONCLUSION 197
List of figuresFigure 1: Share of Worlds manufacturing of the top 10 manufacturing economies in 2010 18 Figure 2: Trend in manufacturing output in the top 10 manufacturing countries (US$, constant 2005 prices) 19 Figure 3: Distribution of employment in the manufacturing Sector by Firm Size 21 Figure 4: SA sector contribution to GDP in 2010, with a focus on the manufacturing sector 23 Figure 5: SA sector contribution to GDP in 1993, with a focus on the manufacturing sector 23 Figure 6: Manufacturing sectors, contribution to GDP, constant 2005 prices (R million) 24 Figure 7: Labour productivity and nominal unit labour cost (2000 to 2011) 26 Figure 8: Percentage utilisation of production capacity in the manufacturing sector 27 Figure 9: Gross fixed capital formation in the manufacturing sector (1990 to 2011) 27 Figure 10: Formal sector employment in the manufacturing sector (2000 to 2011) 30 Figure 11: Year-on-year percentage change in manufacturing employment 31 Figure 12: Provincial manufacturing activity (1995 – 2010) constant 2005 prices 37 Figure 13: A forecast of the manufacturing activity (2011 to 2014 are forecasted values) 38 Figure 14: Share of income by enterprise size in the manufacturing industry, 2008 41 Figure 15: Share of employment by enterprise size in the manufacturing industry, 2008 43 Figure 16: Agro Processing Value Chain 93 Figure 17: The automotive supply chain 103 Figure 18: Plastic Market Sectors (% Polymer converted) 110 Figure 19: The Plastics sub sector supply chain 110 Figure 20: Percentage Contribution by Subsector to the Chemicals Industry 118 Figure 21: Designation of Respondent in the Business 164 Figure 22: Gender: Male vs. Female 165 Figure 23: Respondents Split by Province 165 Figure 24: Respondents Split by Manufacturing Subsector 166 Figure 25: Educational Qualification 166 Figure 26: The Number of Years in the Manufacturing Sector 167 Figure 27: Business Conditions – Improved or Deteriorated 168 Figure 28: Businesses that have Procured Government Business Split by Government Level 168 Figure 29: Percentage of Government Business Procured. 169 Figure 30: Percentage of Full Time Staff Employed at Profiled Businesses 169 Figure 31: Percentage of Part time Employees 170 Figure 32: Total Percentage of Business Owners / Managers Previously Employed in the Manufacturing Sector 171 Figure 33: Total Business Owners / Managers that Received Formal Training & Education 171 Figure 34: Attendance of trade fairs 172 Figure 35: Business Owners/Managers Belonging to an Industry Body/Association 173 Figure 36: Association to a Business Chamber or Network 174 Figure 37: Growth Opportunities in the Manufacturing Sector 174 Figure 38: Employment Opportunities in the Manufacturing Sector 175 Figure 39: Promotion of Growth and Employment in the Manufacturing Sector 176 Figure 40: Constraints facing SMME Businesses in the Manufacturing Sector 177 Figure 41: Challenges facing SMME Businesses in the Manufacturing Sector 178 Figure 42: Attendance of Trade Events 178 Figure 43: Seda’s Role in the Manufacturing Sector 180 Figure 44: Services Seda can Offer 184 Figure 45: Association and Industry bodies that Businesses belong to 184 Figure 46: Recommendation 186 List of tablesTable 1: Manufacturing share of gross value added in the top 10 manufacturing countries and South Africa from 2004 to 2010 18 Table 2: Manufacturing, disaggregated industries and percentage growth between 1993 and 2010 (in constant 2005 prices) 23 Table 3: Annual Manufacturing production at current prices (R million) (2005 – 2010) 24 Table 4: Annual Manufacturing production at constant 2005 prices (R million) (2005 – 2010) 25 Table 5: Gross capital formation in manufacturing for 2007 – 2010 (nominal values) 27 Table 6: Employment output ratios (including informal sector) at constant 2005 prices by industry, 2001 to 2010 31 Table 7: Exports and Imports in the manufacturing sector (2010) 32 Table 8: Year-on-year percentage change in manufacturing industries and forecasted percentages for 2011 to 2014 37 Table 9: Percentage contribution of small and medium enterprises in the SA economy (2010) 38 Table 10: Income by enterprise size in the manufacturing industry, 2008 39 Table 11: Employment by enterprise size in the manufacturing industry, 2008 40 Table 12: Employment ratio per R1 million income per enterprise size in the manufacturing industry, 2008 42 Table 13: Subsidies and incentives received by different enterprise sizes from government in the manufacturing sector between 2006 and 2010 (in rand millions) 43 Table 14: Subsidies received by different enterprise sizes as a percentage of total turnover per year in the manufacturing sector between 2006 and 2010 43 Table 15: Vehicle brands that have manufacturing facilities in South Africa 98 Table 16: OEM’s which manufacture other types of vehicles and not LCV’s such as: 99 Table 17: above indicates the automotive component sales by product type from 2006 to 2010. 100 Table 18: List of major plastic sub sector manufacturers 111 Table 19: Business linkage opportunities for the South African Manufacturing sector 120 Table 20: End market segments 121 Table 21: Input-output table for SA for 2010 with reduced primary and tertiary sectors 200 AsgiSA Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiation in South Africa APDP Automotive Production and Development Plan BBBEE Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment BEE Black Economic Empowerment CFTL SETA Clothing, Textiles, Footwear and Leather Sector Education Training Authority CIACM Competitiveness Improvement of Automotive Component Manufactures COTII Council of Trade and Industry Institutions CoCT City of Cape Town CoJ City of Johannesburg DAFF Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery The dti Department of Trade and Industry DBSA Development Bank of Southern Africa DPLG Department of Provincial and Local Government EMM Ekurhuleni Metro Municipality EC Eastern Cape FMMCG Fast moving consumer goods FoodBev Food Beverages Sector FS Free State FDI Foreign Direct Investment FSGDS Free State Growth and Development Strategy FBO Food Business Operators GPG Gauteng Provincial Government GOS Gross Operating Surplus GEDA Gauteng Economic Development Agency GDP Gross Domestic Product GDS Growth and Development Summit GVA Gross Value Add HRD Human Resource Development IPAP 2 Industrial Policy Action Plan ICT Information, Communication and Technology IDC Industrial Development Corporation IDT Independent Development Trust IDP Integrated Development Plan IDRC International Development Research Centre IDZ Industrial Development Zone ISA Investment South Africa ISF South African International Steel Fabricators IT Information Technology ITC Information Technology Centre JSE Johannesburg Stock Exchange KFC Kwa Zulu Finance and Investment Corporation KZN CTC KwaZulu-Natal Clothing and Textile Cluster KPA Key Performance Area KPI Key Performance Indicator KSP Knowledge Sharing Programme for local government KZN KwaZulu-Natal LED Local Economic Development LEDS Local Economic Development Strategy LEDF Local Economic Development Fund LGMSA Local Government Municipal Systems Act, 2000 (Act No. 32 of 2000) LGTA Local Government Transition Act, 1993 (Act No. 108 of 1993) LM Local Municipality LRA Labour Relations Act, 1995 (Act No. 66 of 1995) MIDP Motor Industry Development Programme MERSETA Manufacturing, Engineering and Related Services Sector Education and Training Authority MFMA Municipal Finance Management Act, 2003 (Act No. 56 of 2003) MOA Memorandum of Agreement MOU Memorandum of Understanding MEDS Micro Economic Development Strategy MTBPS Medium Term Budget Policy Statement MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework NAAMSA National Association of Automotive Manufacturers of South Africa NAACAM National Association of Automotive Component Manufacturers NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development NGO Non Governmental Organisation NPO Non-profit organization NQF National Qualifications Framework NRF National Research Foundation NSDS National Skills Development Strategy NSIF National Spatial Information Framework NYC National Youth Commission NCPGDS Northern Cape Provincial Growth and Development Strategy NSDP National Spatial Development Perspective NGDS National Growth and Development Strategy OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer PAIA Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act No. 2 of 2000) PFMA Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999) R & D Research and Development RDF Rural Development Framework RDP Reconstruction and Development Programme SA South Africa SABS South African Bureau of Standards SACOB South African Chamber of Business SADC South African Development Community SADT South African Development Trust SAQA South African Qualifications Authority SARB South African Reserve Bank SARS South African Revenue Service SDF Spatial Development Framework (In terms of Municipal Systems Act, 2000) SDI Spatial Development Initiative SDI Act Spatial Development Initiative Act (part of the KwaZulu-Natal Land Affairs Act, 11 of 1992) SEDA Small Enterprise Development Agency SETA Sector Education and Training Authority SMME Small Medium Micro Enterprise Stp Seda Technology Programme StatsSA Statistics South Africa SAISI South African Iron and Steel Institute SAAPA South African Agricultural Processors Association SAAFoST South African Association for Food Science and Technology SACCI South African Chamber of Commerce Industry SASSDA T Southern Africa Stainless Steel Development Association SEIFSA Steel and Engineering Industries Federation of South Africa SACTMA South African Cotton Textile Manufacturers Association TIKZN Trade and Investment KwaZulu-Natal VAT Value Added Tax WESGRO Western Cape Investment and Trade Promotion Agency WSSD World Summit on Sustainable Development WTO World Trade Organisation WC Western Cape WRSETA Wholesale and Retailing Sectoral Training Authority ZAR South African Rand Directory: Publications -> 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