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Section 7. Radio Telephone Communications Skills



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Section 7.

Radio Telephone Communications Skills


Introduction When operating a radiotelephone system, whether it is a hand held FRS system, or a shipboard VHF receiver, certain procedures need to be adhered to. These procedures have been put in place to ensure that communication is clear and concise. When used properly, the voice radio is an effective and convenient form of communication. It can be used to transmit a short distance, or when used with repeaters and satellite signal bouncing, can be used to communicate halfway around the world.
Forbidden by Law When using voice radios, especially those monitored and used by civilians, there are certain Do’s and Don’ts. The FCC mandates many of these rules, while others are common sense and common courtesy. The following practices are specifically forbidden.
(1). Violation of radio silence (with the exception of extreme emergencies)

(2). Unofficial conversation between operators.

(3). Transmitting in a directed net without permission.

(4). Excessive tuning and testing or radio checking (mostly with base stations)

(5). Unauthorized use of plain language.

(6). Transmission of an operator’s name.

(7). Use of unauthorized prowords.

(8). Profane, indecent, or obscene language.


Microphone Operations In operating microphones, there are some important Do’s and Don’ts also.
(1). Listen before transmitting. Transmitting over another operator causes confusion and neither transmission may get through.

(2). Speak clearly and distinctly.

(3). Avoid extremes of voice pitch.

(4). Be natural, maintain a normal speaking rhythm.

(5). Use standard pronunciation, Try to curb accents as much as possible.

(6). Do NOT get too close to the microphone.

(7). Do not mumble.

(8). Shield your microphone. Keep your head and body between noise generating sources and the microphone while transmitting.

(9). Keep volume of speaker low, especially in the field. If there is one available, an earpiece is a good idea.

(10). Adhere strictly to prescribed radio procedures.

(11). Transmit your message and get off the air. If the message has been acknowledged, there is no reason to stay on.

(12). Do not key the mic until ready to transmit.


Pronouncing numerals Care must be taken care to distinguish numbers from similarly pronounced words. In some instances, the proword “FIGURES” can be used preceding such numbers. Pronounce numerals as follows. The number “0” is always spoken as “Zero” and never as “oh”. When written, it has a slant bar through it so that it is not confused with the letter “O” (Oscar).



NUMERAL

SPOKEN AS

NUMERAL

SPOKEN AS

0

Zero

5

Fi-yiv

1

Wun

6

Six

2

Too

7

Seven

3

Thuh-ree

8

Ate

4

Fo-wer

9

Niner


Pronouncing Decimal Points. Decimal points are always spoken as “DAY-SEE-MAL” In the text, numbers are transmitted digit by digit, except for exact multiples of hundreds and thousands, and are spoken as follows:



NUMBER

SPOKEN AS

44

Fo-wer fo-wer

90

Niner zero

136

Wun Thure-ree six

500

Fi-yiv hun-dred

1478

Wun fo-wer seven ate

7000

Seven thow-zand

16000

Wun six thow-zand

164000

Wun six fo-wer thow-zand

812681

Ate wun too six ate wun


Pronouncing Bearings. Bearings are always given in three digits and are transmitted digit by digit. True bearing s is always used unless otherwise stated. Examples are.



BEARING

SPOKEN AS

090

Zero niner zero

189

One ate niner

295

Too niner fi-yiv

`

Phonetic Alphabet Using the standard phonetic equivalent identifies any letter of the alphabet that occurs in a radiotelephone transmission. The accent for pronunciation is shown by the underscores.



LETTER

EQUIVALENT

PRONOUNCIATION

A

ALFA

AL-fah

B

BRAVO

BRAH-vo

C

CHARLIE

CHAR-lee

D

DELTA

DELL-tah

E

ECHO

ECK-oh

F

FOXTROT

FOKS-traht

G

GOLF

GOLF

H

HOTEL

hoh-TELL

I

INDIA

IN-dee-ah

J

JULIETT

JEW-lee-ett

K

KILO

KEY-loh

L

LIMA

LEE-mah

M

MIKE

MIKE

N

NOVEMBER

no-VEM-ber

O

OSCAR

OSS-ker

P

PAPA

pah-PAH

Q

QUEBEC

kay-BECK

R

ROMEO

ROW-me-oh

S

SIERRA

see-AIR-rah

T

TANGO

TANG-go

U

UNIFORM

YOU-nee-form

V

VICTOR

VIK-ter

W

WHISKEY

WISS-key

X

XRAY

ECKS-ray

Y

YANKEE

YANG-key

Z

ZULU

ZOO-loo


Phonetic spelling. Phonetic spelling is desirable in expressing lettered designations and in spelling prowords in radiotelephone operations. They are not to be used:
(1). When the actual word might be used; 26 degrees west instead of 26 degrees whiskey

(2). When the abbreviation is readily recognizable and authorized; such as USN or USCG.


Prowords. Procedure words (prowords) are words and phrases used to speed the transmission of radiotelephone messages. Listed below are common prowords with an explanation of each.



PROWORD

MEANING

AFFIRMATIVE

An answer in the positive. Yes

ALL AFTER

All after

ALL BEFORE

All before

BREAK

Separation of text from other portions of the message

CORRECTION

Error

I READ BACK

The following is my response to the instructions to read back

I SAY AGAIN

I am repeating transmissions or portion indicated

I SPELL

I shall spell the next word phonetically

NEGATIVE

An answer in the negative. No

OUT

End of transmission: no receipt required (NOT used with OVER)

OVER

Go ahead, or this is the end of my transmission, a reply is expected (Not used with OUT)

READ BACK

Repeat this entire transmission exactly as received

ROGER

I have received your last transmission satisfactorily.

SAY AGAIN

Repeat

TIME

What follows is time or Date-Time Group of this message.

WAIT

I must pause a few seconds

WAIT OUT

I must pause longer than a few seconds

WILCO

I have received your message, I understand, and I will comply.



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