Semantics I acknowledgements
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| CHAPTER III LOGIC 3.1 What is love? The term logic derives from the Greek logos, means reason. In general it refers to the study of the principles of right reasoning. Robert Sharvy defined it as the study of the rules of correct arguments (Sharvy, 1964 For this definition, the general object of logic is argument. The word argument means discourse in which it is claimed that one or more of the sentences are evidence for another sentence called the conclusion. In other words, it is a conclusion follows from something already known. An example of argument is Iron rusts - Guns are made of iron - Therefore, guns rust. Within the general field of argument the specific concern of logic is the problem of correctness. The logician is not concerned with describing the brain process involved in reasoning nor with the problem of whether particular sentences in an argument are true, but instead, he focuses on the normative problem of establishing rules for correctly getting from the evidence to the conclusion. From the argument mentioned above, we may not know whether all guns are made of iron, but if they are, andiron rusts, then all gun must rust. Daniel . Sullivan defined logic as : The art that enables us to proceed with order, ease, and correctness in the act of reason itself (1963 : 6). This definition was based on Aristotle’s Analytics in St. Thomas Aquinas’ commentary. SEMANTICS Page The definition is clearly showing us that besides the correctness of our act of reason, it is claimed to be in order and ease. But shall we accept the argument like I have a pain in my foot. - My foot is my shoes. - Therefore, I have a pain in my shoes. Is in case of its wrong conclusion We say it is wrong because it is possible all parts of my foot are in my shoes or my shoes itself feel pain. Seeing that the conclusion does follow from the other two sentences but is it acceptable to be logic To know this, it will be worth dividing logic into two, formal logic and material logic (as proposed by Sullivan). Download 332.89 Kb. Share with your friends:
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