Strategic Studies Institute ssi human Intelligence (humint): All Humans, All Minds, All the Time


HUMINT Inter-Disciplinary Support



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HUMINT Inter-Disciplinary Support


Without getting into classified sources and methods, it is none-the-less necessary to emphasize the vital role that HUMINT plays in tipping off and supporting the technical collection disciplines. By way of context, the technical collection disciplines are vacuum-cleaners in contrast to the precision of HUMINT, and suffer further from lacking the processing power to detect—in real-time—the anomalies and patterns or to translate—in real-time—the most important conversations. Hence, HUMINT can be—but usually is not—a vital “force multiplier” for the technical disciplines.

SIGINT relies heavily on HUMINT for the acquisition of code books from the field. It should rely heavily on HUMINT for the identification of specific communications devices that are being used to communicate using clandestine methods such as steganography, or bland conversation that is heavily laden with covert meaning, but in reality the HUMINT discipline has failed to develop as broadly and deeply as it should among indigenous sources, in part because the field of multinational clandestine HUMINT is in its infancy. SIGINT also relies heavily on HUMINT for the emplacement of close-in technical monitoring devices, the procurement of listening posts, and the handling of real-time monitors and translators for close-in collection.

IMINT tends to be self-sufficient but because of its genesis as a precision collection system with very high resolution, it still does not do wide-area surveillance. While IMINT still cannot see under jungle canopy, into caves, or even into urban areas in any sort of coherent manner, when told exactly where to look, IMINT can add value. The advent of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has dramatically increased IMINT value at the tactical level, but the processing and the connection from the collection platform to the end-user in the field are still severely deficient.

MASINT depends heavily on HUMINT for collecting samples (e.g. of water downstream from a suspected bio-chemical factory) or for emplacing close-in devices that seek to collect signatures in the form of smells, air composition, or other electro-magnetic anomalies characteristic of specific capabilities.

Cyber-War, both offensive cyber-war and defensive cyber-security, is in its infancy, the warnings and the substantive recommendations of the early 1990’s having been ignored. The importance of HUMINT in Cyber-War cannot be over-stated, but will certainly be ignored by the new “cyber czar.” Both Offensive and Defensive CI—HUMINT sub-disciplines—should play a major role in both defensive protection and offensive penetration of cyber-space.

All four of the above technical collection disciplines should, but do not, rely heavily on OSINT. Although NSA has a fine effort to leverage OSINT in targeting telecommunications (for example, using OSINT to study the emergent Chinese cellular capabilities), and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) makes use of commercial source imagery, in reality both NSA and NGA are so heavily defined by their legacy systems that they have yet to make the fullest possible use of OSINT in all languages and mediums. MASINT is very new and has sought to leverage OSINT, but MASINT relies too heavily on beltway bandits (very large vendors) and the latter are not skilled at global OSINT in all languages using HUMINT intermediaries—they prefer to sell the government “butts in seats” surfing the Internet, a means of running up very large bills (and 200% overhead charges) without actually drilling down to exactly what is needed and could be obtained at very low cost if they truly understood multinational open sources and methods.



Remembering that OSINT is a part of HUMINT, the figure below illustrates how OSINT should be managed, both to relieve the classified disciplines of requirements that can be answered with open sources and methods, and to enhance the efficacy of the classified sources and methods.





Figure 12: OSINT &Classified HUMINT in Relation to Other INTs


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