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Indicative Syllabus:

Indicative syllabus covered in the module and / or in its discrete elements
Part A: Desistance

The definition of desistance.

Measurement.

Methodology.
Theoretical framework
Major international studies of desistance
Desistance in an Irish context.

Part B: Recidivism

The definition of recidivism

Measurement.

Methodology.
Theoretical framework
Major international studies of recidivism
Recidivism in an Irish context.

Part C:

Linking desistance and recidivism

Learning and Teaching Methods:
Collaborative student-centred learning consisting of lectures, group discussions, independent reading and the use of webcourses
Total Teaching Contact Hours	24
Total Self-Directed Learning Hours	176

Module Delivery Duration:

One semester.

Assessment
Assessment Type	Weighting (%)	LO Assessment (No.)
Book Review (1,500 words)	20%	1-8
Essay (3,500 words)	80%	1-8
Module Specific Assessment Arrangements (if applicable)
Derogations from General Assessment Regulations
Module Assessment Thresholds
Special Repeat Assessment Arrangements

Essential Reading:
Farrall, S. and Calverley, A. (2006), Understanding Desistance from Crime. Theoretical directions in resettlement and rehabilitation, Open University Press: Berkshire, England.

Healy, D. (2010), The Dynamics of Desistance. Charting pathways through change. Devon: Willan Publishins.

Maruna, S. (2001), Making Good. How Ex-Convicts Reform and Rebuild Their Lives. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Maruna, S., Immarigeon, R. and LeBel, T. (2004), (Eds), After Crime and Punishment: Pathways to Offender Reintegration. Devon: Willan Publishing.

Zamble, E. and Quinsey, V.L. (1997), The Criminal Recidivism Process. England: Cambridge University Press.
Supplemental Reading: (author, date, title, publisher)

Calverley, A. (2014), Cultures of Desistance. Rehabilitation, Reintegration and Ethnic Minorities. Devon: Willan Pubishing.

CSO (2013), Prison Recidivism. http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/crimejustice/2008/prisonrecidivism2008.pdf

Farrall, S. (2002), Rethinking What Works with Offenders. Probation, Social Context and Desistence from Crime, Oregan, USA: Willan Publishing .

Flynn, N. (2012), Criminal Behaviour in Context. Space, Place and Desistance from Crime. Devon: Willan Pubishing.

Glynn, M. (2013), Black Men, Invisibility and Crime. Towards a Critical Race Theory of Desistance. Devon: Willan Pubishing.

King, S. (2013), Desistance, Transitions and the Impact of Probation. Devon: Willan Pubishing.

Laub, J.H. and Sampson, R.J. (2003), Shared Beginnings, Divergent Lives. Delinquent Boys to Age 70. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Leibrich, J. (1993), Straight to the Point. Angles on Giving Up Crime. New Zealand: University of Otago Press.

Maltz, M. (1984), Recidivism. Orlando: Academic Press.

O’Donnell, I, Baumer, E. and Hughes, N. (2008), ‘Recidivism in the Republic of Ireland’, Criminology and Criminal Justice, 8(2): 123-146.

Robinson, G. and Crow I. (2009), Offender Rehabilitation. Theory, Research and Practice. London: Sage Publications.

Sampson, R.J. and Laub, J.H. (1993), Crime in the Making. Pathways and Turning Points Through Life. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

Zara, G. and Farrington, D. (2014), Criminal Recidivism. Explanation, Prediction and Prevention. Devon: Willan Pubishing.

Version No:	1	Amended By	Dr. Nicola Hughes
Commencement Date	September 2014	Associated Programme Codes

# Modules that are to be offered as Stand-Alone CPD Programmes must have an NFQ level assigned

*Details of the assessment schedule should be contained in the student handbook for the programme stage.

Date of Academic Council approval ………………………….

Policing, Crime Prevention and the Governance of Security (Option)

Module Code	Pre-requisite Module codes		Co-Requisite Modules code(s)	ISCED Code	Subject Code	ECTS Credits	NFQ Level (CPD)#
CRIM9016						10	9
Module Title	Policing, Crime Prevention and the Governance of Security
School Responsible:		Languages, Law and Social Sciences

Module Overview:

The module critically examines the policing function in society by considering the issues of power, sovereignty and democracy. The evolution of policing as a social process will be examined to arrive at an understanding of the current organizational form of policing that we are familiar with in contemporary society. Increasingly civil society is being mobilised alongside private firms to contribute to the governance in a wider governance of security. This involves the underpinning of social order by the incorporation of these wider social institutions in crime control and public safety. In this context a broad ‘community’ of actors is mobilised where once the state acted as a solitary actor. The module takes its focus from sociological theory and trends in social policy and questions of governance.

The module also presents this against a consideration of the role of the welfare state in creating social solidarity in the context of the globalisation of risk. The course also explores the politics of crime and community in the context of increased social and digital surveillance. The module also considers the emergence of the preventive turn together with the late modern regulatory state.

Learning Outcomes (LO): (to be numbered) For a 5ECTS module a range of 4-10 LOs is recommended
On Completion of this module, the learner will be able to
1	Critically analyse the policing function in society and the way in which nation state legitimacy is formulated and challenged through its policing function.
2	Critically evaluate the findings of contemporary empirical research as applied to both national and international contexts.
3	Critically evaluate policing practice in the context of social change.
4	Discern, outline and discuss the theoretical perspectives informing the distinctions between modernity, late modernity and post-modernity.
5	Critically analyse and demonstrate an understanding of the Risk Society thesis.
6	Evaluate and compare different theoretical approaches to governance and how these apply to both crime control and crime prevention.
7	Demonstrate critical awareness of policy network approaches and local approaches to crime control.
8	Critically compare Ireland with other societies in relation to the role of civil society and communities in crime prevention.
9	Demonstrate a critical awareness of security governance and related concepts such as plural policing, nodal governance and state-anchored pluralism.

Indicative Syllabus:

The Evolution of Modern Policing: concepts of ‘police’ and ‘policing’ through the ages; police as process and police as institutional structure; professionalization. Policing, Power and Democracy: Sovereignty, Legitimacy and Accountability; monopoly on violence;
Plural Policing, Regulation and Governance – policing as a process; policing risk populations; environmental regulation and policing; financial policing, global policing.

Nodal Governance of Security – the theory of nodal / network governance; late modern policing.

Understanding Modernity and Late Modernity: The ‘problem of order’ in society; Sociological theory of late-modernity and post-modernity; ontological insecurity; inclusion, exclusion and social divisions; advanced marginality, ghettos and riots; citizenship, social order and social control; The ‘third way’ and the reflexive ‘life project’; ‘Etho-politics’ and self-conduct.
Late Modern Welfare Regimes and the Risk Society: The late-modern state; The privatisation of risk; Fordism and Post-Fordism; Globalisation, ‘glocalisation’ and restructuring; the penalisation of poverty; the criminalisation of social policy; the Risk Society; the end of welfarism and the rise of ‘popular punitiveness’; the ‘responsibilisation’ thesis; hybrid adaptations to late modernity in Ireland’s “flexible, developmental state”.
Theoretical Approaches to Governance: New forms of regulation - ‘Government’ to ‘Governance’; Governance, regulation and crime prevention; Crime prevention as ‘Etho-politics’; the Governmentality thesis;: a Bourdieuian approach to governance -Crime prevention and ‘field’ theory; critical and realist criminology; post-foundational criminology.
Understanding Networks and Crime Control: Network approaches to governance; the reflexive network; the panoptic network; the logic of network forms of organisation; policy networks.
The Local Governance of Crime: crime prevention and government of territory; ; case study of youth crime prevention in Ireland; community as an ideological appeal; critical realism and ‘power dependence’; organisational cultures and local nuances.
Communities and Crime Prevention in Comparative Terms: comparative analysis between Ireland and other societies / jurisdictions including UK, Canada, France.

Learning and Teaching Methods:
The module will involve a mix of lecturing and activated learning through student led content; class discussion and presentation
Total Teaching Contact Hours	24
Total Self-Directed Learning Hours	176

Module Delivery Duration: Semester 2 only

Assessment
Assessment Type	Weighting (%)	LO Assessment (No.)
Book Review	20%	1, 2 & 6
Essay	80%	1-9
Module Specific Assessment Arrangements (if applicable)
Derogations from General Assessment Regulations
Module Assessment Thresholds
Special Repeat Assessment Arrangements

Essential Reading: (author, date, title, publisher)

Body-Gendrot, S. 2000. The Social Control of Cities: A Comparative Perspective. Oxford: Blackwell.

Bowling, B. and Sheptycki, J. (2012) Global Policing. London: Sage.

Conway, V. (2014) Policing Twentieth Century Ireland: A History of An Garda Siochana. London: Routledge.

Crawford, Adam (2009) Crime Prevention Policies in Comparative Perspective. Cullompton: Willan

Garland, D. 2001. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hughes, G. 2007. The Politics of Crime and Community. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Reiner, R. (2000) The Politics of the Police. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Simon, J. (2007) Governing Through Crime. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Tilley, Nick (2009) Crime Prevention. Cullompton: Willan

Wacquant, L.J.D 2008. Urban Outcasts: A Comparative Sociology of Advanced Marginality. Cambridge: Polity

Young, J. 2007. The Vertigo of Late Modernity. London: Sage.

Supplemental Reading:

Allen G (1999) Policing Independent Ireland 1922-1982. Gill & Macmillan.

Beck, U. and Ritter, M. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London:Sage

Bourgois, P.I. 2003. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bowden, M. 2006. 'Youth, Governance and the City: Towards a Critical Urban Sociology of Youth Crime and Disorder Prevention'. Youth Studies Ireland 1: 19-39.

Brady C (1974) Guardians of the Peace. Gill and Macmillan. (Also edition published in 2000 by Prendeville)

Brogden, M., & Nijhar, P. (2005). Community Policing: National and International Models and Approaches. Cullompton: Willan.

Byrne P (2002) Challenges Facing An Garda Siochana. In O’Mahony, P. (ed) Criminal Justice in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration.

Clements, P. (2008). Policing a Diverse Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Connolly J (2002) Policing Ireland: Past, Present and Future. In O’Mahony, P. (ed) Criminal Justice in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration.

Conway, V. (2010). The Blue Wall of Silence: The Morris Tribunal and Police Accountability in Ireland. Dublin: Irish Academic Press.

Coulter, C. 2003. 'The End of Irish History? An Introduction to the Book' in Coulter, C. and Coleman, S. (eds.) The End of Irish History? Critical Reflections on the Celtic Tiger. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Crawford, A. 1997. The Local Governance of Crime Appeals to Community and Partnership. Oxford: Clarendon.

Crawford, A. 1998. Crime Prevention and Community Safety: Politics, Policies and Practices. Harlow: Addison Wesley Longman.

Crawford, A. 2002. 'The Growth of Crime Prevention in France as Contrasted with the English Experience: Some Thoughts on the Politics of Insecurity' in Hughes, G., McLaughlin, E. and Muncie, J. (eds.) Crime Prevention and Community Safety: New Directions. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Davis, M. 1990. City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles London: Pimlico.

Della Porta, D and Reiter, H. eds. (1998) Policing Protest: The Control of Mass Demonstrations in Western Democracies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press

Ellison G and J Smyth (2000) The Crowned Harp: Policing Northern Ireland. Pluto.

Ericson, R.V. and Haggerty, K. D. (1997) Policing the Risk Society. Oxford: Clarendon

Garland, D. (2001). The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Co ntemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Garland, D. 2000. 'The Culture of High Crime Societies: Some Preconditions of Recent Law and Order Policies'. British Journal of Criminology 40: 347-345.

Garland, D. 2001. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Giddens, A. 1991. The Consequences of Modernity: Polity Press.

Greener, B. K. (2009). The New International Policing. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Hall, S., Crichter, C., Jefferson, T., & Roberts, B. (1978). Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Hopkins-Burke, R. (2004). Hard Cop, Soft Cop: Dilemmas and Debates in Contemporary Policing. Cullompton: Willan.

Hughes, G. 1998. Understanding Crime Prevention: Social Control, Risk and Late Modernity. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Hughes, G. 2002. 'The Shifting Sands of Crime Prevention ' in Hughes, G., McLaughlin, E. and Muncie, J. (eds.) Crime Prevention and Community Safety: New Directions. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Hughes, G. and Edwards, A. (eds.) Crime Control and Community: The New Politics of Public Safety. Cullompton: Willan.

Hughes, G. and Edwards, A. 2002. Crime Control and Community : The New Politics of Public Safety. Cullompton: Willan.

Johnson, L. (2000). Policing Britain: Risk, Security and Governance. Harlow: Longman.

Jones, T., & Newburn, T. (2006). Plural Policing: A Comparative Perspective. London: Routledge.

Kilcommins S et al (2004) Crime, punishment and the search for order in Ireland. Institute of Public Administration.

Loader, I. (1996). Youth, Policing and Democracy. Basingstoke: MacMillan.

Loader, I. (1997). 'Policing and the Social: Questions of Symbolic Power', British Journal of Sociology, 48(1), 1-18.

Loader, I., & Mulcahy, A. (2003). Policing and the Condition of England: Memory, Politics and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Mawby, R. (1999). Policing Across the World: Issues for the Twenty-first Century. London: University College London Press.

McKeown, K. and Brosnan, M. 1998. Police and Community: An Evaluation of Neighbourhood Watch and Community Alert in Ireland. Dublin: Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform.

McNiffe L (1997) A History of the Garda Siochana. Dublin: Wolfhound Press.

Mulcahy, A. (2006) Policing Northern Ireland: Conflict, Legitimacy and Reform: Cullompton: Willan

National Crime Council. 2003. A Crime Prevention Strategy for Ireland: Tackling the Concerns of Local Communities. Dublin: National Crime Council.

Newburn, T. and Reiner, R. (2007) ‘Policing and the Police’. In: Maguire, m., Morgan, M., and Reiner, R. (eds.) Oxford Handbook of Criminology, 4^th ed, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 910-952.

Newburn, T., & Neyroud, P. (2008). Dictionary of Policing. Cullompton: Willan.

Pitts, J. 2003. The New Politics of Youth Crime. Lyme Regis: Russell House Publishing.

Rose, N. 1999. Powers of Freedom : Reframing Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sheptycki, J. (2000) Issues in Transnational Policing. London: Routledge.

Thompson, G.F. 2003. Between Hierarchies and Markets: The Logic and Limits of Network Forms of Organization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Walsh D (1998) The Irish Police: A Legal and Constitutional Perspective. Round Hall.

Westmarland, L. (2001). Gender and Policing: Sex, Power and Police Culture. Cullompton: Willan.

Williamson, T. (2008) The Handbook of Knowledge Based Policing. Chichester: Wiley

Zizek, S. (2009) Violence. London: Profile Books.

Version No:	1	Amended By	Dr Matt Bowden
Commencement Date	September 2014	Associated Programme Codes	DT568 & DT550

# Modules that are to be offered as Stand-Alone CPD Programmes must have an NFQ level assigned

*Details of the assessment schedule should be contained in the student handbook for the programme stage.

Date of Academic Council approval ………………………….

Prison Policy (Option)

Module Code	Pre-requisite Module codes		Co-Requisite Modules code(s)	ISCED Code	Subject Code	ECTS Credits	NFQ Level (CPD)#
CRIM9006						10	9
Module Title	Prison Policy
School Responsible:		Languages, Law and Social Sciences

Module Overview:

In this section a brief description of the general rationale for, and purpose of, the module should be provided, indicating at whom the module is aimed and if, for example, it is an introductory, basic, intermediate or advanced module. This section should also include if there are discrete module elements / components.
This module will enable students to engage with key theoretical perspectives and debates in the theory of punishment and their application to the study of prison policy.
Students will explore and appraise major concepts and ideas within the academic literature relating to the emergence and development of the use of imprisonment as punishment. The course will pay particular attention to three main movements in the philosophical analysis of prison policy – that relating to the origins of modern punishment, penal-welfarism and rehabilitationism and, finally, elements of contemporary penological discourse.
These debates, which have mainly concentrated on Anglo-American penality, will provide a framework within which Irish prison policy will be investigated and examined. Students will explore and assess the purposes and functions of imprisonment, the relationship between prison policy and wider social policy and the nature of contemporary prison policy in Ireland. Students will be facilitated to explore aspects of contemporary penal policy and culture. The module will concentrate mainly on the theory and practice of imprisonment, but will include study of other penal measures where instructive and appropriate.

Learning Outcomes (LO): (to be numbered) For a 5ECTS module a range of 4-10 LOs is recommended
On Completion of this module, the learner will be able to
1	Identify and evaluate key debates and concepts in the academic literature on the theory of punishment.
2	Discuss, interpret and appraise the development of the use of the prison in Ireland.
3	Compare and contrast the course of Irish prison policy with theoretical accounts of the development of imprisonment.
4	Identify and evaluate concepts and ideas in contemporary academic literature on the study of punishment.
5	Formulate critical and comparative appraisals of Irish prison policy by applying these theoretical tools.
6	Demonstrate specialised, self-directed knowledge through autonomous examination and assessment of a particular aspect of Irish prison policy.
7

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