Sustainable Food Production Exploration of culinary art and food science
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- CAFOs can negatively impact the environment and public health
- The environmental impacts of wastes include
- Animal Feeding Operations
- Minamata disease Chisso corporation dumped methylmercury in Minamata which bioaccumulated in fish and
- There are many aquaculture methods species, some are sustainable ___________________
- clams and mussels
- Fish Facts Tips Avoid farmed carnivore fish. It takes 15-25 lbs wild fish to produce 1 lb farmed
- Chose wild caught over farmed carnivore fish.
- Principles: small fish, live in large numbers close to shore, are herbivores.
- LEAST MERCURY Anchovies Butterfish Catfish Clam Crab (Domestic) Crawfish/Crayfish Croaker (Atlantic) Flounder*
Meat Production
How are ___________________ used to produce meat? Is producing more meat the answer to the world’s food problems? What are the effects of overgrazing? How can meat be produced more ___________________? Rangelands Many feel need to increase meat ___________________ to feed population As incomes rise so does meat ___________________ Are grasslands in temperate and tropical ___________________ that provide foraging and browsing areas for animals Cattle, Sheep, goats are on 42% of ___________________ Pastures are managed ___________________ ___________________ resource Producing meat Meat products good source of ___________________ Per capita meat ___________________ doubled since 1950 Feedlots: animals are ___________________ for slaughter in densely populated confined areas Concentrated Animal ___________________ Operations CAFOs = 43% world beef CAFOs can negatively impact the environment and public health: Manure and wastewater have the potential to contribute ___________________, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, organic matter, sediments, pathogens, heavy metals, hormones and ammonia, to the environment. The environmental impacts of wastes include: Nitrogen and ___________________which can contribute to low levels of dissolved oxygen (fish kills) ___________________ organic matter that can contribute to toxic algal blooms. Contamination from runoff or leakage can contribute to illness by exposing people to wastes and pathogens in their drinking ___________________ Animal Feeding Operations What to do with waste? Open Lagoons? Consume large amount of grain and fish instead of feeding on grass Antibiotics and steroid use Factory farming: Issues Cheap & abundant meat increases demand & production American’s meat ___________________ has increased 50lbs per person in the last 50 years Almost 30% of the earth’s ice-free land is directly or indirectly involved in livestock production. 800 million people suffer from hunger and malnutrition, most corn & soy goes to livestock It takes 2-10 times more grain to ___________________ the same amount of calories through livestock as through direct grain consumption Increased meat consumption is linked to increase risk of heart disease, diabetes and some cancers Livestock production produces 18% of CO2 equivalents (transportation 15%) Livestock are put in high density unnatural environments causing: Greenhouse gas ___________________ (feces and passing gas, food miles) Water ___________________ Ethical___________________ Poor ___________________ for animals and workers (confinements, disease, de-beaking chickens, removing tails from pigs, etc) To minimize disease and increase ___________________ many animals in factory farms are given antibiotics > ½ of the worlds supply of antibiotics are used on animals Risk of antibiotic resistance Livestock used to be integrated into carbon and ___________________cycles of small farms Increasing rangeland causes ___________________ Unnatural ___________________practices (like fattening cattle on crafted feed) has led to development of more pathogenic bacteria Feeding meat & bone meal led to Mad ___________________ Iowa hog factories: Produce 50 ___________________ tons of excrement Put into lagoons not waste treatment facilities ___________________e waterways (excrement, antibiotics & hormones) Overgrazing Occurs when too many animals graze for too long and exceed the carrying capacity of the grassland area Kills ___________________ Reduces grass ___________________ Causes ___________________ Compacts ___________________ Damages ___________________ Desertification Fish consumption Where do we get fish and shellfish? ___________________: concentrations of aquatic species suitable for harvesting from a body of water 55% from the ocean Fish and shellfish supply 7% of world’s food Mostly from coastal zones Primary source of protein for more than 1 billion (mostly developing countries) Minamata disease Chisso corporation dumped methylmercury in Minamata which bioaccumulated in fish and _____________ Where do we get fish and shellfish? ___________________: using feedlot management to raise marine and freshwater fish. using cages and nets 
Rivers, lakes and oceans China the world’s leader 1/3rd of world’s marine fish harvest is used for animal feed, fishmeal and oil Aquaculture ___________________ fish and shellfish for food, like crops World’s fastest growing food production What do you think are pros and cons of this technique? There are many aquaculture methods & species, some are sustainable ___________________: herbivore (plant eater) & omnivores (plant and animal eaters). ___________________thrive on inexpensive vegetable-based foods. ___________________, clams and mussels improve water quality as they filter plankton out of the water for their food. ___________________: carnivores (animal eaters). Salmon, tuna, and shrimp require feed that's made from wild fish. Fish Farming 
___________________: waste, diseases and parasites can freely spread to wild habitat. Farmed fish can escape and compete with wild fish for natural resources, interbreed with wild fish. ___________________: same concerns as cages/pens. ___________________: can destroy coastal habitat to build facility. Discharged untreated wastewater pollutes the environment and contaminates groundwater. ___________________: fish cannot escape, wastewater is treated, but are costly to operate and rely on electricity or other power sources. ___________________: when farmed in high densities with little current/tidal flow leads to the accumulation of waste and the possibility of out-competing native species for natural resources. Fish Facts & Tips Avoid farmed carnivore fish. It takes 15-25 lbs wild fish to produce 1 lb farmed ___________________. It takes 2-10 lbs of wild fish feed to produce 1 lb farmed ___________________. Plus large water___________________ Chose wild caught over farmed carnivore fish. US farm-raised, plant eating fish are much more sustainable than air flown salmon or tuna. Include herring, sardines, US farmed catfish, barramundi, tilapia, shrimp, clams, oysters, and mussels. Principles: small fish, live in large numbers close to shore, are herbivores. Most fresh waters are ___________________ with PCBs and methyl mercury. Overfishing Tragedy of ___________________Not a new problem, but becoming global Commercial Extinction Adding to the problem are development along the coasts, wetland and estuary pollution, coral reef and mangrove forest destruction New high demand for “___________________” fish LEAST MERCURY Anchovies Butterfish Catfish Clam Crab (Domestic) Crawfish/Crayfish Croaker (Atlantic) Flounder* Haddock (Atlantic)* Hake Herring Mackerel Mullet Oyster Perch (Ocean) Plaice Pollock Salmon (Canned)** Salmon (Fresh)** Sardine Scallop* Shad (American) Shrimp* Sole (Pacific) Squid (Calamari) Tilapia Trout (Freshwater) Whitefish Whiting HIGH MERCURY Eat three servings per month: Bluefish Grouper* Mackerel (Spanish, Gulf) Sea Bass (Chilean)* Tuna (Canned Albacore) Tuna (Yellowfin)* HIGHEST MERCURY Avoid eating: Mackerel (King) Marlin* Orange Roughy* Shark* Swordfish* Tilefish* Tuna (Bigeye, Ahi)* Sustainable Fish in the US Wild Striped Bass (Rockfish) North Atlantic Swordfish Summer Flounder or Fluke Domestic Squid Alaskan Pollock Mahi Mahi Maine Lobster Alaskan Halibut Atlantic Yellowfin Tuna Atlantic Sea Scallop Pacific Sardines Non Sustainable Fish Eel, European Eel, Conger Devil fish Cod, Atlantic Cod Clam, Razor, clams Bass, seabass Directory: cms -> lib -> UT01001306 -> Centricity -> Domain lib -> 1. naclo 2017 – North American Computational Linguistics Olympiad lib -> Chem I honors Unit 2 Notes: Numbers in Chemistry Measurement lib -> Sanderson High School ap human Geography Summer Assignment 2016 lib -> Find fantastic ousd elementary music programs lib -> American Studies Pacing Calendar 2014-2015 lib -> The ap history Timeline 8000bce-the Present lib -> Absolutism in Europe Domain -> Why Is Dancing So Good for Your Brain? Domain -> Transplantations and Borderlands Download 0.7 Mb. Share with your friends:
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