Table of Contents Chapter Working with Selections
In the options bar, open the Brushes pop-up panel, and specify an 80
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- Navigate this page:
- Olives , Carrot, Tomato , and Logo
- S epa r a ting po r tions of an image o nt o dif f e r e n t l a y ers
- R e vi e w ans w ers 1
- LAST STEP
- PUT THIS FILE IN THE DROP BOX (You will turn in this .jpg file as well as the Photoshop file)
6 In the options bar, open the Brushes pop-up panel, and specify an 80-pixel brush with 100% hardness.  7 Drag the Eraser tool across the area you want to remove. You can erase quickly because the Eraser tool only affects the selected area.
  8 Repeat steps 4–7 to remove any other unwanted scraps of background.
9 Choose File > Save to save your work. Refining the edge of a selection Sometimes you’ll get better results if you feather a selection edge to soften it, increase the edge’s contrast, or expand or contract the edge to capture wisps of hair or other detail. The Refine Edge option improves the quality of a selection’s edge, and it lets you see the edge more clearly by removing it from context and placing it against different backgrounds. In this composition, the lettuce has more complicated edges than other elements. You’ll select it and then fine-tune its edges. 96 LESSON 3 Working with Selections  1 Select the Quick Selection tool ( ), hidden beneath the Magic Wand tool ( )
in the Tools panel.  2 Drag from the upper-left corner of the composition across the lettuce to select it with part of the white background.
3 In the options bar, click the Subtract From Selection button ( ). 
4 Click throughout the white portion of the selection, until only the lettuce is selected.
5 Click Refine Edge in the options bar. The Refine Edge dialog box contains options to improve the selection edges by soft- ening, feathering, or expanding them, or increasing their contrast. You can also view the selection edges as if masked or against various mattes, or backgrounds. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CS4 CLASSROOM IN A BOOK 97  6 To prepare the edge for a drop shadow, set Contrast to 25, Smooth to 9, Feather to 2, and Contract/Expand to -49.
 7 Select the Zoom tool in the dialog box, and then drag a marquee around the lettuce head to zoom in on its edges.
You’ll preview the shadow that you’ll add to the lettuce against one of the mattes.  8 Click the center Black Matte button at the bottom of the dialog box. A black background appears under the selection and the selection edges disappear. You can click the other buttons to see the edges against different backgrounds.
9 Increase the Expand value to add more of a shadow around the lettuce edges.  We used a value of 30%.
� Tip: You’ll learn other ways to save selections in Lesson 5, “Masks and Channels.” 10 When you’re satisfied with the adjustments, click OK. You’ve gone to a lot of work to make and refine your selection. So that you don’t lose it, you’ll save it. 11 Choose Edit > Copy, and then choose Edit > Paste to paste the selection on a new layer. In the Layers panel, double-click this new layer and rename it Lettuce. 98 LESSON 3 Working with Selections Isolating and saving selections You’ll save selections of the other elements in the composition, as well. That way, your selections remain intact and easily available for editing.  1 In the Layers panel, select the Background layer.
2 Zoom out or scroll across the image so that you can see the yellow pepper.   Select the Background layer in the Layers panel. Then, use the Quick Selection tool ( ) to select the pepper, dragging carefully within its green stem. Remember that you can add or subtract from the selection using the buttons in the options bar.
� Tip: To add to the selection, press Shift as you click or drag. To subtract from the selection, press Alt or Option as you click or drag.
 3 Choose Edit > Copy, and then choose Edit > Paste to paste a copy of the pepper onto a new layer. In the Layers panel, double-click the layer name and rename it Yellow Pepper.
ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CS4 CLASSROOM IN A BOOK 99  4 Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the bowl of olives, carrot, tomato, and Salads logo: naming their new layers Olives, Carrot, Tomato, and Logo, respectively.
5 Choose File > Save. It’s good to save your selections on discrete layers— especially when you’ve spent time and effort creat- ing them—so that you can easily retrieve them. Creating a soft drop shadow To complete your composition, you’ll add a drop shadow behind the vegetables and logo. Adding the drop shadow is a simple matter of adding a layer effect.   1 In the Layers panel, select the Carrot layer.
2 At the bottom of the Layers panel, click the Add A Layer Style button ( ), and choose Drop Shadow from the pop-up menu. 100 LESSON 3 Working with Selections 3 In the Layer Styles dialog box, adjust the shadow settings to add a soft shadow. We used these values: Blend mode: Normal, Opacity: 60%, Angle: 30, Distance:  5 px, Spread 3%, Size: 18 px. Then click OK.
 The carrot now has a soft drop shadow.
To replicate this shadow for the rest of the vegetables and the Salads logo, you’ll simply copy the effect to their layers. 4 In the Layers panel, position the pointer on the Drop Shadow layer effect beneath the Carrot thumbnail (the pointer turns into a pointing hand). Alt (Windows) or 5 Hold down Option (Mac OS), and drag the effect up to the   Lettuce layer to copy it.
There you have it! You’ve copied the drop shadow. Alt-dragging (Windows) or 6 Repeat Step 5, Option-dragging (Mac OS) the Drop Shadow effect onto each of the other layers except the Background layer. # Note: To remove a layer effect, drag the effect icon to the Delete Layer button at the bottom of the Layers panel. Do not forget to copy the e!ect to the text layer with your name on it. ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CS4 CLASSROOM IN A BOOK 101
         7 Choose File > Save to save your work. You’ve used several different selection tools
to move all the vegetables into place. The collage is complete! Separating portions of an image onto different layers To quickly create multiple images from one scan, use the Crop And Straighten Photos command. Images with a clearly delineated outline and a uniform back- ground—such as the 03Start.psd file—work best. To try it, open the 03Start.psd file in the Lesson03 folder, and choose File > Automate > Crop And Straighten Photos. Photoshop automatically crops each image in the start file and creates individual Photoshop files for each. You can close each file without saving. Original image Result 102 LESSON 3 Working with Selections Review Questions 1 Review uses Number List Review questions 1 Once you’ve made a selection, what area of the image can be edited? 2 How do you add to and subtract from a selection? 3 How can you move a selection while you’re drawing it? 4 When drawing a selection with the Lasso tool, how should you finish drawing the selection to ensure that it is the shape you want? 5 What does the Quick Selection tool do? 6 How does the Magic Wand tool determine which areas of an image to select? What is tolerance, and how does it affect a selection? Review answers 1 Only the area within the selection can be edited. 2 To add to a selection, click the Add To Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to add. To subtract from a selection, click the Subtract From Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to subtract. You can also add to a selection by pressing Shift as you drag or click; to subtract, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag or click. 3 Without releasing the mouse button, hold down the spacebar and drag to reposition the selection. 4 To make sure that the selection is the shape you want, end the selection by dragging across the starting point of the selection. If you start and stop the selection at different points, Photoshop draws a straight line between the start point of the selection and the end point of the selection. 5 The Quick Selection tool expands outward from where you click to automatically find and follow defined edges in the image. 6 The Magic Wand tool selects adjacent pixels based on their similarity in color. The Tolerance setting determines how many color tones the Magic Wand tool will select. The higher the tolerance setting, the more tones are selected. Add your name with TWO Layer Styles. Do NOT let your NAME cover any of the Picture. Be sure you have SAVED this file into your LESSONS fOLDER. SAVE AS: X (class period)_LastName_FirstName_Les3_B.psd PUT THIS FILE INTO THE DROP BOX
TODAY YOU WILL SAVE a SECOND COPY IN A DIFFERENT FORMAT . . . Go to THE MENU BAR > IMAGE > DUPLICATE :
TO .JPEG SAVE AS: X (class period)_LastName_FirstName_Les3_BFLAT.jpg
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