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Asset and Liability Structure of MFBs



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Asset and Liability Structure of MFBs

The upfront investments over the years initiated an expansion of micro-credit services which marked the increase of total number of active borrowers, that is, from 60,000 borrowers to over 600,000 in 2005.

Gender-wise Distribution of MFBs Loans

The growth has been remarkable while other financial services such as savings or insurance received less emphasis. The introduction of Microfinance Ordinance 2001 has made possible for microfinance banks to mobilize micro-deposits, and the RSPs to encouraged members to save in commercial banks. Micro-credit market share shifted towards specialized microfinance banks/NGOs during the past seven years.

The growth in Micro-credit came from across all categories of microfinance providers: RSPs, Multisectoral NGOs, Specialized Microfinance Banks/NGOs, and Commercial Financial Institutions. However, the delivery of credit services is still catching up to the upfront investment. This is illustrated by the portion of total assets that are lent out in loans. A good international benchmark is 70% of total assets allocated to loans. The position of Pakistan has improved but has only reached 42% in 2005, suggesting a need to further build retail capacity.

With the growth in the investments, the cost efficiency of most Pakistani providers has improved, mainly because they maintained low-cost offices, affordable staff and by monitoring closely the efficiency of operations. Figure below shows the improvement in operational costs of microfinance sector.

Unit costs increased in 2005 by the addition of several new younger institutions to the database. Younger institutions typically have higher unit costs until their outreach increases, bringing economies of scale.
A conservative estimate of the total investment in microfinance from 1999 to 2005 includes the amount below.


Asian Development Bank

(Microfinance Sector Development Program)


Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund: Credit for Phase I (World Bank)
Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund: Credit for Phase II (World Bank)
Shareholder Capital in Microfinance Banks (First, Rozgar, Network, Khushhali)
Commercial Loans to Microfinance Providers
Total

$150 million

$ 45 Million

$135 Million

$42 Million

$17 Million
$389 Million


Peer Group Classifications Of Participating Microfinance Providers

Peer Groups

Description & Rationale for Peer Grouping

Participating Microfinance Providers

First Year of Reporting

Rural Support Programs (RSPs)

The Rural Support Programs (RSPs) constitute a distinct group of organizations following a model originally pioneered in northern Pakistan by the Agha Khan Rural Support Program. This peer group also includes TRDP which is considered an RSP although it does not use the exact same name

National Rural Support Program (NRSP)

Punjab Rural Support Program (PRSP)

Sarhad Rural Support Program (SRSP)

Thardeep Rural Development Program (TRDP)



NRSP:
1999 for # clients
2001 for other data

PRSP:
1999 for # Clients


2002 for other data

SRSP: 1999

TRDP: 2000


Specialized Microfinance Banks/NGOs

Includes both NGOs and licensed Microfinance Banks (MFBs) that focus exclusively on microfinance

MFBs:
Khushhali Bank

First Microfinance Bank (FMFB)

Rozgar Microfinance Bank

NGOs:
Kashf Foundation


ASASAH
Akhuwat

Khushhali: 2001
FMFB: 2003

Rozgar: 2005

Kashf: 1999
ASASAH: 2004
Akhuwat: 2005


Multisectoral NGOs

Microfinance providers that are registered as NGOs and microfinance is only one of multiple operational activities that they are involved in

Development Action for Mobilization and Emancipation (DAMEN)

SUNGI


Sindh Agricultural & Forestry Workers' Coordinating Organization (SAFWCO)
Taraqee Foundation

Orangi Pilot Project (OPP)



DAMEN: 2000

SUNGI: 1999

SAWCO: 1999

Taraqee: 2000

OPP: 1999


Commercial Financial Institutions

For-profit commercial financial institutions, belonging to the mainstream financial sector, that consider microfinance as one of many product lines

Bank of Khyber

Orix Leasing



Bank of Khyber: 2003

Orix Leasing: 2003





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