Tenor of discourse in spoken communication
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| Research methodology. Tenor of speech refers to the overall tone, mood, or attitude conveyed in a message. It includes the feelings, intentions and hidden feelings conveyed by the speaker or writer in conversation or writing. Poynton and Iedema are known for their contributions to discourse analysis. They emphasize "tenor" as a crucial aspect in analyzing discourse, focusing on the social relationships, roles, and power dynamics between participants in communication. They explore how language choices, tone, and style reflect and shape these relationships within a given context. The definition was given by Bugarski is about that Discourse (spoken or written) is the process of producing and understanding texts in situational contexts, they creates language production . Text (spoken or written) is the result of discourse, a formed and coherent language product.4
5 Analysis and results .Yule says that It is well known that context is a crucial concept in analysing discourse and this is what the two disciplines pragmatics and discourse have in common. Yule extends the definition: “Pragmatics is the study of how more gets communicated than is said”. In addition to locution (the actual utterance), important aspects in analysing any language use are illocution (intended meaning) and perlocution (the effect an utterance produces). These concepts are as useful for discourse analysis as for pragmatics. It is the same with deixis, reference, speech acts, politeness, etc. These are concepts studied both by discourse analysis and pragmatics. In addition, meaning is traditionally studied by semantics, but is highly dependent on the context. Again, separating semantics from pragmatics and discourse would be wrong 6 Camillo My gracious lord, I may be negligent, foolish, and fearful. In every one of these no man is free, But that his negligence, his folly , fear , Among the infinite doings of the world, Sometime puts forth. In your affairs, my lord, If ever I were willful-negligent, It was my folly; if industriously I played the fool, it was my negligence, Not weighing well the end; if ever fearful T o do a thing where I the issue doubted, Whereof the execution did cry out Against the non-performance, ’twas a fear Which oft infects the wisest. These, my lord, Are such allowed infirmities that honesty Is never free of. But, beseech your Grace, Be plainer with me; let me know my trespass By its own visage. If I then deny it, ’Tis none of mine Leontes Ha’ not you seen, Camillo— But that’ s past doubt; you have, or your eyeglass Is thicker than a cuckold’ s horn—or heard— For to a vision so apparent, rumor Cannot be mute—or thought—for cogitation Resides not in that man that does not think— My wife is slippery? If thou wilt confess— Or else be impudently negative T o have nor eyes nor ears nor thought—then say My wife’ s a hobby-horse, deserves a name As rank as any flax-wench that puts to Before her troth-plight. Say ’t, and justify ’t.7 Above there is given a piece of dialogue from “Winter’s tale” ,Act 1. Leont is King of Sicilia, HERMIONE, Queen of Sicilia, CAMILLO, a courtier , friend to Leontes and then to Polixenes. In this piece Queen Hermione persuaded Polixenes, who was the King of Bohemia, Leont’s close friend, staying Sicilia. Leont began suspecting his wife to have a relationship with his friend Polixenes. And he tells his doubts to Camillo. Now, If we analyze this dialogue for discourse analysis, especially field, tenor and mode. Reader can understand what is the clear purpose of writer. It is understandable from the pictures above given, we analyze this dialogue as a register. Field gives experimental meaning, and here about betrayal’s of Germiona. Tenor is close friends conversation. Despite of being king, Leont respects his courtier Camillo. And he always ask for advice for ruling the country. Spoken discourse is mode of discourse here. M.Halliday8 demonstrates register as a language system, the core of discourse is those, field, tenor and mode.
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