The total number of species described, as well as the number of endemic and introduced species are given. Here we also provide a list of several experts and taxonomic guides by taxa, although this is not an exhaustive list of experts by taxonomic group in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Division/Kingdom
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Phylum or Class
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Class or Order
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Order or Family
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Described species
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State of Knowledge
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No. endemic species
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No. undescribed species
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No. introducespecies
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Taxonomic experts (name)1
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Identification guides and references2
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Animalia
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Chordata
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954
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131
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Vertebrata
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693
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Mammalia
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23
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9 common, 14 visiting. Few data on trends
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G. Bearzi, G. Notabartolo di Sciara, A. Aguilar, C. Piroddi
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[1,2,3,4, Table S28]
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Aves
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15
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Well known, trends less known
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3
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D. Oro, J.S. Aguilar, N. Baccetti, J.M. Arcos
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[5,6,7, Table S27]
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Reptilia
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5
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3 common, 2 visiting. Few data on trends
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J.A. Camiñas, J. Tomás, J.A. Raga
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[8,9,10,11,12, Table S29 ]
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Pisces* (Myxinida, Petromyzontida, Chondrichthyes,Actinopterygia)
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650
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Good resolution, except few rare species recorded sporadically
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Approx. 80
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116 (91*) *marine aliens only
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F. Ben Rais Lasram, D. Lloris, L.J.V. Compagno, D. Golani, E. Massutí, J. Moranta, F. Serena, J.P. Quignard, J.A. Tomasini, I.K. Fergusson, S.P. Iglésias, E. Macpherson, M. Goren
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[13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22, Table S26]
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Tunicata
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229
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Ascidiacea
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229
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80
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15
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X. Turon, R. Brunetti, F. Monniot , A. Koukouras, F. Mastrototaro, A. Tursi, N. Shenkar, A.A. Ramos-Esplà
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[23,24,25,26,27,28, Table S25]
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Thaliacea
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Unknown
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Appendicularia
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Unknown
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Cephalocordata
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1
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[19]
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Mesozoa
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31
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[19]
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Dicyemida, Rhomobozoa, Monoblastozoa
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17
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Orthonectida
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14
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[19]
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Echinodermata
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154
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Lack of data in the south and the deep
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37
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5
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A. Koukouras, M.-S. Kitsos, C. Palacin
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[29,30, Table S23]
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Crinoidea
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5
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2
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0
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Asteroidea
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33
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5
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1
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Ophiuroidea
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34
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6
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2
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Echinoidea
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28
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5
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1
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Holothuroidea
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54
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19
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1
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Hemichordata
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5
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[19]
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Xenoterubellida
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Unknown
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Platyhelminthes
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Mainly benthic
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800-1000
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57
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R.A. Patzner, R. Hofrichter, A. Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. Faubel, C. Noreña Janssen, M. Curini Galletti
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[19]
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Acanthocephala
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Mainly terrestrial
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Unknown
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Poor
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[19]
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Rotifera (Rotatoria)
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59
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[19]
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Nematomorpha
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1
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[19]
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Nematoda
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Meiofauna
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>703
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Poor
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N.Lampadariou, R. Danovaro, R. Sandulli
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[19, 31,32,33,34]
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Priapulida
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4 - 5
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[19,35]
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Loricifera
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Recently discovered
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2 - 10
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[19,35]
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Kinorhyncha
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28
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[19]
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Tardigrada
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>77
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M. Gallo d’Addabbo
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[36]
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Onychophora
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Unknown
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[19]
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Arthropoda
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3014
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106
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[19,37]
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Crustacea
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2239
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Anostraca
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Unknown
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Phyllopoda
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7
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[19]
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Copepoda
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G. Gorsky, M. Alcaraz, E. Saiz
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Harpacticoida
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Benthic, meiofauna
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>254
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K. Sevastou, A. Eleftheriou
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[38,39,40,41,42]
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Calanoida, Cyclopoida
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Pelagic
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>150
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[19]
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Mystacocarida
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1?
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[19]
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