The project is part of the wider cooperation between Eni and Rosneft sanctioned under the Strategic Cooperation Agreement entered into by the parties on 25th April 2012



Download 126.85 Kb.
Page4/4
Date18.10.2016
Size126.85 Kb.
#1290
1   2   3   4

So, they decided to mount the PG10 displays on the door.

This was possible because the display on the PG10 digital pressure gauge was tethered with a cable. Easy as pie.

A Common Configuration

There are a few options when you tether a digital pressure gauge display. The question is always how the cable will be connected. So here’s the skinny on your cable connection options:

The cable can be hard-wired on both ends – to both the display and the transducer

The cable can be hard-wired on one end – either to the display or to the transducer – and use a connector on the other end.

We have found that a cable hard-wired to the display, with a connector on the transducer. This makes installing the digital pressure gauge transducer easy (e.g. no length of cable getting twisted while you screw the threads together), and it makes threading the wire easier once the display is mounted.

So How Does This Save Money?

A digital pressure gauge with a tethered display saves money simply because it costs less than purchasing a pressure transducer and a digital display separately. It’s common for our customers to save in excess of $100.

What About Electrical Noise And Long Distances?

The output on a digital pressure gauge (from the transducer to the display) is an unamplified mV/V signal. Therefore, it is susceptible to electrical interference. It is also incapable of traveling long distances.

At this point, a digital pressure gauge is simple not going to work. However, we simply trade out the gauge transducer with a pressure transmitter with a Modbus output. Our digital display works with either one. The Modbus signal is much stronger and versatile.

The best part? This is still less expensive than a comparable transducer/display pair bought separately.

IEA- A Tale of Renewed Cities report shows benefits of improved energy efficiency in Urban transportation

http://usaoilandgasmonitor.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Maria-Van-Der-Hoeven.jpg

IEA-Energy Efficiency Policies on Transport to Save $70 Trillion

IEA- Energy Efficiency Policies on Urban Transport System to Save $70 Trillion

IEA shows benefits of improved energy efficiency of urban transport systems

As energy consumption for transport in cities is expected to double by 2050, report sees potential savings of up to USD 70 trillion

Policies that improve the energy efficiency of urban transport systems could help save as much as USD 70 trillion in spending on vehicles, fuel and transportation infrastructure between now and 2050, according to a new report from the International Energy Agency.

The report, A Tale of Renewed Cities, draws on examples from more than 30 cities across the globe to show how to improve transport efficiency through better urban planning and travel demand management. Extra benefits include lower greenhouse-gas emissions and higher quality of life.

The report comes at a critical time: More than half of the world’s population already lives in cities, many of which suffer from traffic jams and overcrowded roads that cost hundreds of billions of dollars in lost fuel and time and that harm environmental quality, health and safety.

“As the share of the world’s population living in cities grows to nearly 70 percent by 2050 and energy consumption for transport in cities is expected to double, the need for efficient, affordable, safe and high-capacity transport solutions will become more acute,” said IEA Executive Director Maria van der Hoeven as she presented the report. “Urgent steps to improve the efficiency of urban transport systems are needed not only for energy security reasons, but also to mitigate the numerous negative climate, noise, air pollution, congestion and economic impacts of rising urban transport volumes.”

She urged policy makers to take a systems perspective and a long-term view to address the challenges. “Governments must think beyond individual technologies and electoral cycles, and consider how to build – and how to renew – cities that will accommodate and transport nearly 6.3 billion people by 2050. We must plan infrastructure, logistics and energy systems now that make sense today and over the coming decades,” she said.

Among the three broad categories of policies recommended in the report are those that allow travel to be avoided, those that shift travel to more efficient modes, and those that improve the efficiency of vehicle and fuel technologies. The report notes that if fully implemented across the transportation sector, this “avoid, shift and improve” approach could save up to USD 70 trillion in terms of lower spending on oil, roadway infrastructure and vehicles.

The report offers three case studies – Belgrade, Seoul and New York City -- to show how those cities have already improved their transport systems. It notes, for example, that within the first six months of refurbishing its urban rail system, Belgrade tripled passenger levels. When Seoul pushed through reforms that no longer rewarded bus operators for carrying more people, ridership, speed and safety all increased. And New York City shaved 11 minutes off travel times within a year of introducing express bus services, while at the same time attracting more passengers.

A Tale of Renewed Cities, which was supported by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, sets forth a pathway outlining the essential steps and milestones for policy development and implementation to transform cities by improving urban transport systems. The pathway is divided into four sections that present the necessary planning and actions for supporting development, financing, implementation and evaluation of policies to improve the energy efficiency of urban transport systems.



To assist planners and policy makers in addressing many common issues and challenges, the pathway also provides a list of policy references and practitioner's guides that are noted throughout the report and on the IEA Policy Pathway Series webpage.

To download the report, please click here.

Download 126.85 Kb.

Share with your friends:
1   2   3   4




The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message

    Main page