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Visualization Project Technical Processes
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- 12.7.23D Model Optimization/Curation
- 12.7.2.2Model Appearance
- 12.7.2.3Geometry Data Size Reduction [Decimation]
- 12.7.2.3.1Software Tools for 3D Model Decimation
- 12.7.2.3.2Need for Decimation
- 12.7.2.3.3Decimation using Automated Processes
- 12.7.2.3.5Decimation in Translator/Reformatter Environments
- 12.7.2.4Hierarchy, Rigging and Kinematics
- 12.7.3Animation – General Principles
- 12.7.4Simple Keyframe Animation
- 12.7.5Constraint-Based Animation
- 12.7.6External Data-Driven Animation
- 12.7.7Incorporation of Non-Geometric Data
- 12.7.8Advanced Display Technologies for Virtual/Augmented-Reality Applications
12.7Visualization Project Technical ProcessesText 12.7.12D Image Creation/EditingTwo-dimensional image data is a vital component of any AR application development. Images might be used as backdrop or for other environmental uses, or to create texture maps to enhance the visual quality of 3D geometry models. Adobe Photoshop is the industry-standard image creation & editing software tool. Photoshop is one component of a larger suite of media development software. Those that are most relevant to AR development include:
http://creative.adobe.com/ 12.7.23D Model Optimization/CurationOptimization is the action of making the best or most effective use of a situation or resource. Curation is the active and on-going management of data through its lifecycle of interest and usefulness. Curation activities enable data discovery and retrieval, maintain quality, add value, and provide for re-use over time. Both of these activities are essential to the process of developing AR applications. The creation of suitable Environment, Facility and Asset models involves a large part of any development effort. This makes the model optimization process a key enabler to any cost-effective AR effort. In addition, proper curation of these models for future re-use is also critical. Curation is enabled by the data repositories described above in Section 12.4. However, data repositories don’t populate themselves, so curation should be incorporated as a close-out activity in any project plan. The following sections describe in detail the attributes that may apply to 3D models used in AR applications. These may be used to compare a project’s source model data and the desired/required qualities of models to be used in the finished project. If these attributes happen to coincide, no editing, manipulation or tailoring of the models will be needed. Unfortunately, this is very seldom the case. 12.7.2.1Model Integrity
12.7.2.2Model AppearanceAny modifications that enhance the realistic appearance of 3D geometry models must be considered in light of their associated effort. The importance of realism varies widely with different Customers and Use Cases and needs to be clearly communicated and understood.
12.7.2.3Geometry Data Size Reduction [Decimation]Decimate: 1. To destroy or kill a large part of (a group of people or organisms). 2. To inflict great destruction or damage on 3. To reduce markedly in amount Decimation replaces 3D mesh geometry models that exhibit high polygonal facet counts with 3D mesh geometry models that exhibit much lower facet counts. Properly done, decimation produces models of virtually identical appearance, at data sizes that are smaller by factors ranging from 2 to as high as 100. A summary table of decimation techniques is listed below.
12.7.2.3.1Software Tools for 3D Model DecimationThe following table identifies software used in the model decimation. It reflects an incomplete awareness of every tool in use across the Boeing enterprise. It does not include enterprise-standard CAD software, which varies according to site, business unit, program and/or customer.
12.7.2.3.2Need for DecimationIn some cases, the source models for a project are limited enough in number and data size that they can be incorporated into an AR application in their original, verbatim CAD state. For the other 99.9 percent of the time, it will be necessary to reduce the mesh geometry data size of the models. This is particularly true for applications built for self-contained, wearable AR computers such as the Microsoft HoloLens. For HoloLens, as a general rule of thumb, the entire polygon count should be limited to be in the range of 1-2 million triangular polygonal mesh facets.
12.7.2.3.4Decimation in Native CAD EnvironmentThis is usually the most effective process for simplifying CAD models. Ideally, the originator of the source CAD model simplifies in the original software environment. This makes it easy to alter accuracy settings and suppress features in complex parts. Also, small parts that are instanced throughout the model (fasteners, for instance) are most easily identified and eliminated. Familiarity with the model makes the originator the best candidate for native-format simplification. However, most often the model originator is not available and the model must be simplified by someone else. 12.7.2.3.5Decimation in Translator/Reformatter EnvironmentsCertain 3rd-party software tools, such as Okino Polytrans and SAP Visual Enterprise Authoring, incorporate useful and powerful features to aid in the model decimation process. 12.7.2.3.6Decimation in 3D Visualization/Digital Content Creation EnvironmentsModern 3D modeling software tools [3D Studio Max, Maya, Blender, Rhino, etc.] are most often used to mediate between CAD systems and the Integrated Game Development Environments [Unity, Unreal, CryEngine] that are used to develop and publish AR applications. These tools all offer varying features and capabilities to facilitate model decimation and optimization. 12.7.2.4Hierarchy, Rigging and KinematicsIf discrete components of an asset model in an AR application are being assembled, integrated, articulated or deployed, the file structure of that model must support that functionality. Examples of this would be the landing gear or control surfaces of an aircraft. In order for them to move independently, the following must be true: Defined as separate objects within the model Defined by appropriate object hierarchy Direction(s) of component translation established Limits of component translation established Local axes of component rotation established Limits of component rotation established Relationships describing motions of connecting components established The process of tailoring 3D geometry models so as to facilitate kinematic action is called ‘Rigging’ the model. 12.7.3Animation – General PrinciplesDynamic visual content is created by sequentially displaying a multitude of images, or ‘Frames’ at a rapid rate. The number of frames that are displayed per second is referred to as the ‘Frame Rate’. Traditionally, motion-picture film cameras have recorded images at a Frame Rate of 24 frames per second (fps). The broadcast standard for Television was set by the National Television Standards Committee at 30 fps. These frame rates are important because they correspond approximately to the ability of the human eye to distinguish discrete images from continuously moving images. Thus, frame rates that fall much below 20 fps are no longer perceived as continuously moving. The creation of these images can occur in advance of their viewing. Motion pictures that incorporate intricate computer-generated imagery are a good example of this. A single frame for such a production could take hours or even days to generate. AR and VR applications rely on imagery being generated as they are being viewed. This is generally referred to as ‘Real-Time’ animation. Obviously, the processing limitations associated with current computing hardware, operating systems and networks play an important role in limiting what can be displayed in real time.
Although constraints are immensely helpful in accurately animating complex motions, they may not be recognized by the AR application development environment being used. If this is the case, it will be necessary to ‘bake’ the result of a constraint-based animation into explicit frame-by-frame data prior to incorporating it. 12.7.6External Data-Driven AnimationRather than creating motion or articulation with one or more of the techniques described above, data from external instrumentation, simulation or analysis efforts can be used to drive objects in an AR application. This approach leverages tools, processes and competencies that have already been developed, validated and accepted as providing ‘True’ data. Incorporation of engineering truth data from validated sources is the most effective way of making visual applications more authoritative, and thus more useful. To enable this, external data will need to be tailored and formatted to suit the application. Depending on the scope and nature of the data, this may be accomplished manually or programmatically.
Connections to Live Databases 12.7.8Advanced Display Technologies for Virtual/Augmented-Reality ApplicationsHead-mounted displays – VR displays are now being produced by dozens of companies around the world, at a wide range of price points. arip-gabs-v1.0-wd01 Working Draft 01 03 November 2016 Non-Standards Track Copyright © OASIS Open 2016. All Rights Reserved. Page of Directory: committees -> download.php download.php -> Emergency Interoperability Consortium Membership Meeting download.php -> Technical Communicators, Get ready: Here comes Augmented Reality! Rhonda Truitt download.php -> Oasis set tc download.php -> Iepd analyze Requirements Use Cases for edxl situation reporting messages Draft Version 4 download.php -> Technical Committee: oasis transformational Government Framework tc chair download.php -> Ibops protocol Version 0 Working Draft 2 9 March 2015 Technical Committee download.php -> Reliability of Messages Sent as Responses over an Underlying Request-response Protocol download.php -> Service Component Architecture sca-j common Annotations and apis Specification Version 1 Committee Draft 03 – Rev1 + Issue 127 download.php -> Scenario Two – Hurricane Warning download.php -> Technical Committee: oasis augmented Reality in Information Products (arip) tc chairs Download 133.36 Kb. Share with your friends:
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