participating in the agricultural extension programmes conducted by the State Agricultural Department or other agencies. Thus the lack of an effective agency to coordinate and supervise paddy cultivation in Kuttanad is a severe problem. Both in the generation and dissemination of improved farm technology for the development of the paddy sector, the service of research institutions is not much commendable. 5.1.8 Trade union militancy During the early decades of the twentieth century paddy farm labourers in Kuttanad had been loyal to the landlords and tenants to whom they were attached. With the spread of Communist ideology the farm workers became aware of their rights and the formation of labour union substantially enhanced their bargaining power. Inspired by the Marxian doctrines of class struggle and dictatorship of the
proletariat they began to consider the traditional landlords and the agricultural entrepreneurs who had initiated large scale reclamations of kayal lands as their class enemies. Since the s the mutual destruct and hatred emerged between farmers and farm labourers resulted infrequent violent clashes indifferent parts of Kuttanad. In course of time the paddy farmers in this region had to surrender to ab bgreat extent to the might of the politically backed and well organized farm labour