Towards Democratisation?: Understanding university students’ Internet use in mainland China


Appendix VI: Youg’s Internet Addiction Test



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Appendix VI: Youg’s Internet Addiction Test


Answer the following questions on the Likert scale:

1=rarely, 2=occasionally, 3=frequently, 4=often, 5=always




1

How often do you find that you stay on-line longer than you intended?

2

How often do you neglect household chores to spend more time on-line?

3

How often do you prefer the excitement of the Internet to intimacy with your partner?

4

How often do you form new relationships with fellow on-line users?

5

How often do others in your life complain to you about the amount of time you spend on-line?

6

How often do your grades or school work suffers because of the amount of time you spend on-line?

7

How often do you check your email before something else that you need to do?

8

How often does your job performance or productivity suffer because of the Internet?

9

How often do you become defensive or secretive when anyone asks you what you do on-line?

10

How often do you block out disturbing thoughts about your life with soothing thoughts of the Internet?

11

How often do you find yourself anticipating when you will go on-line again?

12

How often do you fear that life without the Internet would be boring, empty, and joyless?

13

How often do you snap, yell, or act annoyed if someone bothers you while you are on-line?

14

How often do you lose sleep due to late-night log-ins?

15

How often do you feel preoccupied with the Internet when off-line, or fantasize about being on-line?

16

How often do you find yourself saying “just a few more minutes” when online?

17

How often do you try to cut down the amount of time you spend on-line and fail?

18

How often do you try to hide how long you’ve been on-line?

19

How often do you choose to spend more time on-line over going out with others?

20

How often do you feel depressed, moody or nervous when you are off-line, which goes away once you are back on-line?


Appendix VII: Other Internet use


Findings of participants’ use of online shopping, music, games, downloading, novels, literature, magazines, and email are presented in Appendix VII, because participants’ reports contribute little to a better understanding of the studied topic or are not sufficient to generate saturated categories.

Table 95. Online shopping: channel, window shopping, buying and selling



Ref

Channel

Window shopping

Buying

Selling

P02

Taobao (laptop and mobile phone)

“I love surfing on Taobao most. I surf on everyday sale, flea market, second-hand market, digital space, and many others. I feel that a great of variety of commodities fills me with passion.”

Lots of things were brought online, bags, cups.




P04

Taobao




Mainly clothes, lots of others stuff like mobile phone case




P05

Taobao










P06

Taobao










Ebay




Buy CD. “It started because some could not be bought on Taobao. I asked in QQ CD group and they told me to buy them on Ebay. That was how I knew I could buy on Ebay and started to do it. It was almost only buying when I was in junior high school.”

“Sometimes I will purchase of a good number of products which will be in great demand and sell them when they are out of production.”



The third step online is “to log on to Ebay to check if there is any selling on my Ebay shop.”

Sell CD:


“Sell CD, to sell extra copies or some I do not want through ‘auction’ or ‘buy it now’. There are no regular customers.”

Started to sell since senior high school:

Unstable income:

“The income is unstable. Sometimes I do not log on to sell anything for a month. But I earned more than 2,000 RMB the last month.”



P07

Taobao; Jingdong










P08

Taobao; Jingdong




View other buyers’ comments on the products whenever shopping online




P09







Began since university,

Will consult the online price when shopping






P10







Shop online and doubt about the price in physical shops




P11

Taobao




Buy clothes and shoes frequently




P12







Sometimes online shopping




Table 96. Online shopping: communication and networking, and understanding

Ref

Channel

Communication and networking

Understanding

Instant messaging

Personal space

P02

Taobao (laptop and mobile phone)

Bargain: “I like to communicate with shopkeepers, to bargain. …I enjoy doing so.”

“Share what I brought with Taobao friends and read theirs”: “You register with an account. There will be lots of friends, and also followers. It is something like microblog. For example, you share what you have brought.”

“I have a big group of online shopping friends. I feel that since I went shopping online, my classmates, people around me, my neighbours all followed me and went shopping online. They have their own accounts of Aliwangwang and Taobao.”



Enjoy: “Online shopping becomes a pleasure of my life since university. I feel like I am obsessed to online shopping. Probably not obsessed. It has both positive and negative sides.”

P06

Taobao










Ebay







As a controllable part-time job:

“As a controllable part-time job, the income is unstable…just to earn myself some extra money.”



P09










Doubt about prices in physical shops, too expensive compared with online shops

Chinese online shopping service providers offer special services to their clients including instant messaging between shopkeepers and customers, customer rating system and personal space for customers to share what they brought and their shopping experience.

Table 97. Online music



Ref

Channel

Activities

Frequency

P01

Renren;

Sina Weibo



Follow an online music broadcasting station on Sina Weibo: Its music appeals to the middle class. Listen to the music and occasionally the prose accompanying the music.

Watch music videos, listen to music, search information and criticism about a piece of music, and also share them.



Frequently

P02




Listen to a piece of music a friend recommends till bored of it.




P08

Spring wind piano website

Download piano scores

Often

P09




Like listening to music and search knowledge and information about music




P10







Mentioned

Table 98. Online games

Ref

Channel

Game

Frequency

P03

Qzone

Web-game: Q pet game

His girlfriend’s web-game



In the evening when there is time available;

Daytime


P05

Dota (Defence of the Ancients) & QQ

Dota; online card game

Sometimes, the worst time she played one or two days of an online card game.

P06

World of Warcraft

World of Warcraft

One a week, two to three hours a time. Sometime not once in a month. “I am not interested in games and just play this one.”

P07







Mentioned playing online games

P09







Mentioned playing online games

P10







The most important use of the Internet is online gaming.

P12







Frequently: “My hobby before was games.”

Table 99. Downloading

Ref

Channel

Message

Frequency

P03

“Search online to find what I want”

Music; games




P04

“More than 10 platforms stored in labels which I get to know through various ways. Someone told me. I found it myself or happened to know it.”

“Lots of platforms, cannot name them. There are lots of websites, especially those for fans.”



Videos of earlier years, stars’ performance, English learning materials, movies, music

Download while doing other activities online

Table 100. Online novels

Ref

Topic

Frequency

P01

Meaningless novels, fictional novels

During the whole winter vacation

P02

Mininovels

Occasionally

P03

Fictional novels

Before bedtime, when surfing with mobile phones

P12




Mentioned

Table 101. Online literature

Ref

Content

Habit

Frequency

P02

Poems, prose and mininovels

“I share good articles and mininovels through Weibo, Qzone, and Renren.”

Low


Table 102. Online magazines

Ref

Magazine

Message

Frequency

P05

Global Entrepreneur http://www.gemag.com.cn/; most frequently read recently, others cannot remember




Sometimes

P11







Sometimes

Table 103. Email

Ref

Channel

Usage

Frequency

P02

163 email




Frequently

P05

163 email









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