Function: The radiator is designed to expose to the airstream as large a cooling area as possible in as small a frontal area as possible. It also acts as a tank for some of the water carried.
Construction: The usual form of construction is that of sheet steel or brass pressings which are formed into top and bottom tanks. They are connected by brass or copper tubes fitted with finning to increase their surface areas. The block of tubes is some times termed the core and in the radiator of cars and the lighter commercial vehicles the core may be of the tubular or of the film type. Radiators must have a filler cap and an overflow or vent pipe and often have a drain tap fitted to the bottom tank.
Operating Principle: Hot water from the engine rises to the top tank, as it passes down the Wubes of the core it is cooled by air travelling through the core drawn in by the fan when the vehicle is stationary or forced in by the truck travelling in a forward direction.