Figure 2-4 Flight plan - United Airlines

After the fuel required for a particular flight has been determined, it is possible to proceed to a calculation of the weight available for the carriage of passengers, mail, and cargo (payload). It should be noted that these calculations may be in either pounds Ob), which is the case in the United States, or in kilograms (kg). However, before any actual load calculations can be carried out, account must be taken of the physical weight limitations, the design limits, of the aircraft structure in the various operation phases.

The purpose is to present to flight crew appropriate advice and information to assist them in the safe conduct of a flight. The information will include a flight plan and load details together with information regarding en route and destination weather and notices regarding any unserviceabilities of navigation or landing aids. This latter information is contained in Notices to Airmen (NOTAM), an internationally agreed system whereby the civil aviation authorities of each country exchange information on the un-serviceability of any of the facilities in their country (e.g., navaids and airports). Airline flight dispatch staff will obtain NOTAM from the appropriate governmental agency, edit them, and, where necessary, add details relating to any company facilities. Weather information will also be obtained from the meteorological department at the airport and might be augmented by in-flight reports received from other flight crews.

Although the basic operational procedures of airports as they relate to safety are generally rather similar throughout the world, the manner in which those procedures are operated and the organization used to effect them can differ quite radically. The two extreme positions may be designated as:

• 
  Airport dominant
  
• 
  Airline dominant
  

At the other end of the scale is the airline-dominant operation, sometimes called the U.S. model, where the airport authority acts almost as a broker, providing only the most basic facilities in the terminal. Much of the internal furnishing and all necessary operational equipment and staff are provided by airlines or concessionaires. At some U.S. airports, the airlines are integrally involved in financing and building the terminals themselves, and are legally part of the decision process that determines the policy of the airport. In contrast to the authority-dominant model, the individual airline operations are closely associated and identified with individual company images. Where an airline-dominant facility is operated, the need for airport-authority staff is significantly reduced.

Ground handling; operational philosophy; terminal operations; airside operations; disabled persons; curbside check-in; aircraft weight and balance; passenger steps; pedestrian operations; load sheet; routine maintenance; in-flight entertainment; left luggage lockers; throughput; trim sheet; uncontaminated fuel; single-lane taxiway; turnaround of the aircraft; transit passenger handling; ground power supply; mail and equipment loading; noncommercial activities; on a concessionary basis; car rental; car parking; apron and gate system; apron parking spaces; aircraft parking type; aircraft tags; nose-in-parking; angled nose-in; angled nose-out; paralleled parking; remote parking; based aircraft; gate occupancy time; turnaround time; gate usage agreement; preferential use agreement; segment of itinerary; trip purpose; traveling on business; traveling for leisure; essential processing facilities; exclusive-use; ticket counters; common-use terminal equipment; to become obsolete; security screening; storage of explosives; a boarding pass; to undergo; a virtual overhaul; on a first-come; first-served basis; time-critical and labour intensive operations ; machine-readable tags; ramp service; minor faults; apron hydrant system; auxiliary power units; to cut down apron noise; air-bridge structure; deicing gantries; portable water; restocking; a hydraulic scissor lift.

Инвалиды; двухполосная РД; регистрация при высадке из наземного транспорта; загрузчики бортпитания; загрузочная ведомость; движущиеся дорожки; автоматические камеры хранения; пассажирский трап; повседневное техобслуживание; пропускная способность; балансировочная ведомость; наземное обслуживание; центровка ВС; циркулирование пешеходов; место высадки пассажиров из наземного транспорта; топливо без посторонних примесей; разворот ВС; однополосная РД; обслуживание транзитных пассажиров; погрузка почты и оборудования; принцип действия; на комиссионной основе; парковка машин; наземный источник электроэнергии; некоммерческая деятельность; прокат автомобилей; вспомогательные силовые установки; посадочный талон; мелкие неисправности; по принципу: кто раньше прибыл, того раньше и обслужим; трудоёмкие операции, требующие много времени; ярлыки, считываемые машиной; дистанционная парковка; снизить шум на перроне; питьевая вода; пополнение запасов; устареть; самолёты, остающиеся в аэропорту на ночь; время оборота самолёта; регистрационная стойка эксклюзивного использования; соглашение о привилегированном использовании; цель поездки; деловая поездка; использование выхода на перрон; конструкция воздушного моста; портал крана антифриза.

Official (adj.), agreement; air company; privileged; low tractor; baggage cart; simultaneously; handicapped persons; cargo plane; failure; to process; garbage; to remote; to replenish; baggage; to conduct; to confine; usually; purified water; daily; maintenance; outgoing passengers; incoming passengers; to be involved; ancillary; lavatory; needed; to be located; the most important advantage; to board; influence on; from… point of view; to use; to play an important role; when required; carriers signing the agreement; to carry out; passengers handling facilities; within the boards; to buy a ticket; introduction; computer technology; to make smth unnecessary; to guarantee; to rule out; to go through the customs; critical; to be in order; unlawful; integrated; to lower apron noise; to decrease fuel costs.

Management; preferential; activities; amusement; contaminate; operate; supervise; process; convenience; govern; commerce; accommodate; load; prepare; plane; advantage; consider; challenge; depend; flexible; depart; immigrate; require; transfer; travel; determine; equip; figure; assign; issue; increase; introduce; regular; represent; remain; singly; incorporate; inspect; collect; legal; restrict; formal; involve; distribute; responsible; encumber; install; available; propel; cycle; deice; produce; complex; mineral; clean; stock; embark; calculate; carry; assist; service; arrange; occupy; achieve; fuel; deviate.

1. 
   What components are involved in ground handling activities?
   
2. 
   In what way are ground handling operations subdivided?
   
3. 
   What component groups are the terminal activities worth classifying into?
   
4. 
   What typical noncommercial and commercial activities will be provided by the airport authority or leased on a concessionary basis to specialist operators?
   
5. 
   What two categories may the airport terminal area fall into in terms of the needs of both aircraft and passengers?
   
6. 
   What main parameters determine individual gate and apron system?
   
7. 
   What are the five major aircraft parking types?
   
8. 
   What are the advantages and disadvantages of nose - in parking / parallel parking /remote parking?
   
9. 
   What is the function of a taxilane and what configurations do they exist in?
   
10. 
    What does the turnaround time depend on?
    
11. 
    What are the three most common types of gate usage agreements and their main purposes?
    
12. 
    What does the flight interface include?
    
13. 
    How does the notion " domestic " passenger vary from country to country?
    
14. 
    How do trip purposes differ?
    
15. 
    In what way do group sizes of passengers tend to be categorized?
    
16. 
    How are passengers categorized in terms of their baggage?
    
17. 
    In what way has the type of ticket contributed to determining the type of processing required?
    
18. 
    What are exclusive - use ticket counters and CUTE like?
    
19. 
    What operations does traditional processing at an airline ticket counter include?
    
20. 
    What innovations have the implementation of computer technology and automation allowed in recent years?
    
21. 
    What is the history of sharing security screening processes of ticketing?
    
22. 
    In what way do methods of boarding passengers differ?
    
23. 
    What are Federal Inspection Services responsible for?
    
24. 
    What operations do baggage handling services include?
    
25. 
    How has the baggage handling procedure changed recently?
    
26. 
    What are ramp services activities?
    
27. 
    What are the two ways of fuel supply?
    
28. 
    Why is there a tendency for airlines to use ground electrical supply?
    
29. 
    In what way are high levels of cabin cleanliness achieved by?
    
30. 
    What can happen unless the ramp servicing procedure is not performed efficiently with many services being carried out concurrently?
    

32. 
    What information does flight crew briefing include?
    
33. 
    In what way can the manner in which airports operate differ?