8/6. Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the
independence of judges and lawyers
The Human Rights Council,
Guided by articles 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and articles 2, 4, 9, 14 and 26 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and bearing in mind the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,
Recalling the Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary; the Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers; the Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors and the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct,
Convinced that an independent and impartial judiciary, an independent legal profession and the integrity of the judicial system are essential prerequisites for the protection of human rights and for ensuring that there is no discrimination in the administration of justice,
Recalling all the previous resolutions and decisions of the Commission on Human Rights and the General Assembly on the independence of the judiciary and on the integrity of the judicial system,
Acknowledging the importance of the Special Rapporteur’s ability to cooperate closely, within the framework of his or her mandate, with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in the fields of advisory services and technical cooperation, in an effort to guarantee the independence of judges and lawyers,
Recognizing the importance of bar associations and professional associations of judges and non-governmental organizations in the defence of the principles of the independence of judges and lawyers,
Noting with concern the increasingly frequent attacks on the independence of judges, lawyers and court officials,
Bearing in mind paragraph 6 of General Assembly resolution 60/251 of 15 March 2006,
Recalling Council resolutions 5/1 on institution-building of the Human Rights Council and 5/2 on the code of conduct for special procedures mandate holders of the Council, of 18 June 2007, and stressing that the mandate holder shall discharge his or her duties in accordance with those resolutions and the annexes thereto,
1. Commends the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers for the important work undertaken in the discharge of his mandate;
2. Decides to extend the mandate of the Special Rapporteur for a period of three years, and requests the Special Rapporteur:
(a) To inquire into any substantial allegations transmitted to him or her and to report his or her conclusions and recommendations thereon;
(b) To identify and record not only attacks on the independence of the judiciary, lawyers and court officials but also progress achieved in protecting and enhancing their independence, and make concrete recommendations, including the provision of advisory services or technical assistance when they are requested by the State concerned;
(c) To identify ways and means to improve the judicial system, and make concrete recommendations thereon;
(d) To study, for the purpose of making proposals, important and topical questions of principle with a view to protecting and enhancing the independence of the judiciary and lawyers and court officials;
(e) To apply a gender perspective in his or her work;
(f) To continue to cooperate closely, while avoiding duplication, with relevant United Nations bodies, mandates and mechanisms and with regional organizations;
(g) To report regularly to the Council in accordance with its programme of work, and annually to the General Assembly;
3. Urges all Governments to cooperate with and assist the Special Rapporteur in the performance of his or her tasks, to provide all information and to respond to communications transmitted to them by the Special Rapporteur without undue delay;
4. Calls upon Governments to give serious consideration to responding favourably to the requests of the Special Rapporteur to visit their countries, and urges them to enter into a constructive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur with respect to the follow-up to and implementation of his or her recommendations so as to enable him or her to fulfil his or her mandate even more effectively;
5. Requests the Secretary-General and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to provide all the assistance to the Special Rapporteur necessary for the effective fulfilment of his or her mandate;
6. Decides to continue consideration of this issue in accordance with its annual programme of work.
28th meeting
18 June 2008
Adopted without a vote.
8/7. Mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the issue of
human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises
The Human Rights Council,
Recalling Commission on Human Rights resolution 2005/69 of 20 April 2005 on the responsibilities of transnational corporations and related business enterprises with regard to human rights,
Bearing in mind paragraph 6 of General Assembly resolution 60/251 of 15 March 2006,
Recalling Council resolutions 5/1 on institution-building of the Human Rights Council and 5/2 on the code of conduct for special procedures mandate holders of the Council of 18 June 2007, and stressing that the mandate holder shall discharge his/her duties in accordance with those resolutions and the annexes thereto,
Stressing that the obligation and the primary responsibility to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms lie with the State,
Emphasizing that transnational corporations and other business enterprises have a responsibility to respect human rights,
Recognizing that proper regulation, including through national legislation, of transnational corporations and other business enterprises, and their responsible operation can contribute to the promotion, protection and fulfilment of and respect for human rights and assist in channelling the benefits of business towards contributing to the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Concerned that weak national legislation and implementation cannot effectively mitigate the negative impact of globalization on vulnerable economies, fully realize the benefits of globalization or derive maximally the benefits of activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises and that therefore efforts to bridge governance gaps at the national, regional and international levels are necessary,
1. Welcomes the reports of the Special Representative and in particular the identification, through the process of consultations, studies and analysis, of a framework based on three overarching principles of the State duty to protect all human rights from abuses by, or involving, transnational corporations and other business enterprises, the corporate responsibility to respect all human rights, and the need for access to effective remedies, including through appropriate judicial or non-judicial mechanisms;
2. Recognizes the need to operationalize this framework with a view to providing more effective protection to individuals and communities against human rights abuses by, or involving, transnational corporations and other business enterprises, and to contribute to the consolidation of existing relevant norms and standards and any future initiatives, such as a relevant, comprehensive international framework;
3. Welcomes the broad range of activities undertaken by the Special Representative in the fulfilment of his mandate, including in particular the comprehensive, transparent and inclusive consultations conducted with relevant and interested actors in all regions;
4. Decides to extend the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary General on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises for a period of three years, and requests the Special Representative:
(a) To provide views and concrete practical recommendations on ways to strengthen the fulfilment of the duty of the State to protect all human rights from abuses by or involving transnational corporations and other business enterprises, including through international cooperation;
(b) To elaborate further on the scope and content of the corporate responsibility to respect all human rights and to provide concrete guidance to business and other stakeholders;
(c) To explore options and make recommendations, at the national, regional and international level, for enhancing access to effective remedies available to those whose human rights are impacted by corporate activities;
(d) To integrate a gender perspective throughout his work and to give special attention to persons belonging to vulnerable groups, in particular children;
(e) Identify, exchange and promote best practices and lessons learned on the issue of transnational corporations and other business enterprises, in coordination with the efforts of the human rights working group of the Global Compact;
(f) To work in close coordination with United Nations and other relevant international bodies, offices, departments and specialized agencies, and in particular with other special procedures of the Council;
(g) To promote the framework and to continue to consult on the issues covered by the mandate on an ongoing basis with all stakeholders, including States, national human rights institutions, international and regional organizations, transnational corporations and other business enterprises, and civil society, including academics, employers’ organizations, workers’ organizations, indigenous and other affected communities and non-governmental organizations, including through joint meetings;
(h) To report annually to the Council and the General Assembly;
5. Encourages all Governments, relevant United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, treaty bodies, civil society actors, including non-governmental organizations, as well as the private sector to cooperate fully with the Special Representative in the fulfilment of his mandate, inter alia, through the submission of comments and suggestions on the issues related to his mandate;
6. Requests the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to organize, within the framework of the Council, a two-day consultation bringing together the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, States, business representatives and all relevant stakeholders, including non-governmental organizations and representatives of victims of corporate abuse, in order to discuss ways and means to operationalize the framework, and to submit a report on the meeting to the Council, in accordance with its programme of work;
7. Invites international and regional organizations to seek the views of the Special Representative when formulating or developing relevant policies and instruments;
8. Requests the Secretary-General and the High Commissioner for Human Rights to provide all the necessary assistance to the Special Representative for the effective fulfilment of his mandate;
9. Decides to continue consideration of this question in conformity with the annual programme of work of the Council.
28th meeting
18 June 2008
Adopted without a vote.
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