ANSI
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American National Standards Institute
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An organization that produces standards, practices, and codes related to pharmaceutical manufacturing.
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degC
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Celsius (centigrade)
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A unit of temperature measurement.
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CFR
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Code of Federal Regulations
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Written version of the national laws of the United States of America.
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cGMP
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current Good Manufacturing Practices
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A set of regulations governing the manufacture of pharmaceutical products.
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CPG
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Compliance Policy Guide
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US FDA Publications that supplement and/or explain and/or interpret specific requirements from the Code of Federal Regulations(CFR)
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DCS
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Distributed Control System
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A proprietary automation solution providing I/O monitoring and control equipment with a tightly integrated HMI and ancillary applications (trending, redundancy, etc.).
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EBR
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Electronic Batch Record
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A collection of production data stored in secure electronic (digital) form.
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EPA
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Environmental Protection Agency
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A United States agency responsible for environmental protection.
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degF
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Fahrenheit
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A unit of measure for temperature.
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FDA
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Food and Drug Administration
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A United States agency responsible for consumer safety related to drugs and drug products.
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GAMP
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Good Automated Manufacturing Practices
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A methodology for implementing and documenting automated systems.
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GUI
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Graphical User Interface
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An application resident on an Operator Interface that provides a pictorial interface for process monitoring and control.
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HMI
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Human-Machine Interface
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A PC-based graphical user interface used for monitoring and controlling an industrial process.
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I/O
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Input/Output
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The hardware required to convert field signals to/from a computer-usable form.
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IEEE
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
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An organization that produces standards related to electrical and electronic components, including networking.
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IQ
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Installation Qualification
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Approved documented verification that an object or system is installed according to written and approved specifications and drawings.
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IS
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Intrinsically Safe
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Standards related to equipment and wiring installation in explosive or potentially explosive environments.
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ISA
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Instrument Society of America
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An organization that produces standards related to process control and instrumentation.
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ISO
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International Standards Organization
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An organization that produces standards, practices, and codes related to pharmaceutical manufacturing.
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JETT
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Joint Equipment Transition Team
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A consortium of pharmaceutical users (manufacturers), equipment suppliers, and consultants seeking to improve communications between Users and Suppliers to more effectively meet the "validation" requirements of the pharmaceutical industry.
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LAN
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Local Area Network
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A group of computers connected to facilitate computer-to-computer communications.
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LCL
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Lower Control Limit
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The minimum parameter value required to assure that a product is manufactured according to specifications.
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LIMS
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Laboratory Information Management System
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A software system used to store and retrieve laboratory information related to sampling, testing, and product release.
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MES
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Manufacturing Execution System
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One or more software products or applications responsible for transferring data between plant floor production systems and higher-level business application systems.
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MMI
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Man-machine Interface
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see HMI.
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MSDS
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Material Safety Data Sheet
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Documentation of the chemical and hazardous properties of a substance.
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NDA
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New Drug Application
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A process prescribed by the US FDA for introducing a new pharmaceutical product or product form to the US marketplace.
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NEC
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National Electric Code
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United States Standards governing the design, installation, and use of electrical equipment.
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NEMA
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National Electrical Manufacturers Association
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An organization that, among other activities, defines categories of environment resistance for electrical equipment.
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OEM
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Original Equipment Manufacturer
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The supplier of industrial equipment packages that are typically skid-mounted and include pre-wired instrumentation and control components.
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OQ
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Operational Qualification
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Approved documented verification that an object or system operates in accordance with written and approved specifications throughout all anticipated operating ranges.
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OSHA
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Occupational Safety and Health Act
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United States regulations related to work places and practices.
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P&ID
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Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
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Engineering drawings that present basic process information, especially instrument and sensor locations.
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PC
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Personal Computer
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A microcomputer designed primarily for use by a single individual.
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PLC
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Programmable Logic Controller
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A device that provides control functionality via software. It is typically programmed in ladder logic and replaces relays, electrical devices, timers, counters and analog instrumentation.
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SCADA
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Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
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A SCADA system provides communication between supervisory applications (e.g., HMI or batch management) and plant floor control devices, typically PLCs.
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SKU
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Stock Keeping Unit
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A number or other identifier used to distinguish packaging and/or product forms.
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SOP
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Standard Operating Procedure
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Site instructions for operating and maintaining the facility and process.
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SQL
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Structured Query Language
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A standard syntax used to extract selected data from a database.
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TCP/IP
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Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
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A routable computer communication protocol.
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UCL
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Upper Control Limit
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The maximum parameter value required to assure that a product is manufactured according to specifications.
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UPS
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Uninterruptable Power Supply
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Battery-based system for providing electrical power during temporary power outages.
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WFI
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Water For Injection
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Highly purified water suitable for use in the production of products that may be injected into a human body.
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