2006 East Coast Summer Open



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2006 East Coast Summer Open

Chicago Dust Bunnies In Space (questions by Peter Austin, Selene Koo, Seth Teitler)


Tossups
Ancient fortresses, such as Andasreth, Berandas and Telasero are connected by a propylon system, while ruins include Mzuleft, Assurnabitashpi, Ashalmimikala and Nchurdamz. Smaller settlements include Hla Oad, Suran, Ald Velothi and Tel Branora, and the large cities are Balmora, Ald’ruhn, Sadrith Mora and Vivec. FTP, this describes the geography of Vvardenfell, the setting of what computer game where the player-character must defeat Dagoth Ur as the reincarnation of Nerevar, the third installment of the Elder Scrolls series?

Answer: Morrowind (Accept Vvardenfell or Elder Scrolls III before either is mentioned)


It opens with an epigraph from Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, moving on to give "The Author's Account of Himself." It includes five Christmas stories and close to thirty other selections, including "The Mutability of Literature" and one about the Baron von Landshort, "The Spectre Bridegroom." This work's sequel also includes reflections on English life and is attributed to the same nom de plume. Unlike that sequel, Bracebridge Hall, this work also contains pieces such as "The Traits of Indian Character" and a story about a trick played by Abraham Van Brunt, that reflect on its author's native country. FTP identify this collection whose creations include Katrina Van Tassel and her schoolteacher suitor, as well as the Catskill native Rip Van Winkle, written by Washington Irving.

ANSWER: The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.


One character in this opera introduces himself with the song "Ma-ma-mama dear," and ends up being entranced by Esmeralda, whose troupe he joins as a dancing bear after the Dance of the Comedians. This opera centers on a promise that Krusina had made to the wealthy farmer Tobias Micha. Confusion arises because few realize that the stuttering character is not the only son of Micha, a fact that is exploited by Jenik to trick Kecal into giving him 300 gulden and the hand of the title character, Marenka. FTP identify this opera written by the composer of the string quartet "From My Life" and the symphonic poems "Hakon Jarl" and "Ma Vlast," Bedrich Smetana.

ANSWER: The Bartered Bride or Prodana Nevesta


The eldest son of his father by his father’s second wife Fressenda, he first came to power as regent for his nephew Abelard, though he would soon take power in his own right. He divorced his first wife, Alberada of Buonolbergo, on dubious grounds of consanguinity to marry the sister of the Prince of Salerno, Sichelgaita. While he distinguished himself at the 1053 Battle of Civitate where a Norman army defeated a Papal army, a more famous victory came in 1081 at Dyrrachium over the Byzantines. FTP, name this Duke of Apulia, Calabria and Sicily, the father of Bohemond, one of the leaders of the First Crusade.

Answer: Robert Guiscard or Robert de Hauteville


The central enzyme involved in this process consists of two proteins, one of which contains a P-cluster and a cofactor with a metal ion coordinated to homocitrate. This process often occurs in specialized cells such as heterocysts, which lack photosystem II but do contain photosystem I, and bacteroids, as well as in structures containing leghemoglobin. Those specialized cells are required because oxygen inactivates this process's central enzyme, which contains both an iron-containing cofactor and an iron-molybdenum cofactor. FTP identify this process that occurs in rhizobia, and whose central enzyme produces ammonia from the most prevalent gas in the earth's atmosphere.

ANSWER: nitrogen fixation


With Francesco Rulli, this man formed the design company mrs. mudd, featuring the men’s clothing line Uncle Kimono. He was nominated for best supporting actor for his film debut role in Places in the Heart, and he would later have uncredited roles as Old Carlitos in Alive: The Miracle of the Andes, and as Abimael Guzman in his directorial debut, The Dancer Upstairs. More recent roles include the title character in Klimt and Athos in The Man in the Iron Mask. He is perhaps better known in his role as a character with the middle name Horatio in a movie about Lotte and Craig Schwartz. FTP identify this actor who starred as Sebastian de Valmont in Dangerous Liaisons and as the title character in a 1999 movie written by Charlie Kaufman.

ANSWER: John Gavin Malkovich
One of this man’s poems praises conger chowder, and another notes that the onion makes “us cry without hurting us.” In addition to the Elementary Odes, he wrote Surrealist poems including “Ritual of My Legs” and “Gentleman Alone.” His essay Towards An Impure Poetry responds to the “old-fashioned aestheticism” of such poets as Juan Ramón Jiménez. In one poem, he wrote how he “climbed the ladder of the earth” to the title locale in the Andes. FTP, name this author of Residence on Earth and The Heights of Machu Picchu, a Chilean Nobelist who wrote Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.

ANSWER: Pablo Neruda or Ricardo Neftalí Reyes y Basoalto

In Chicago, it principally operated out of the 55th Street Freight Yard, Polk Street Freight Station and Union. It origins lie in the Main Line of Public Works constructed by its home state, and it was one of the few American railroads to implement major electrification projects, which still form the basis of Amtrak’s Northeast corridor. Notable locomotives on the road include the K-class pacifics and the electric GG1. Painting its locomotives in Brunswick Green and Tuscan Red, FTP, name this railroad which merged with the New York Central in 1968, and which shares with its namesake state the symbol of a keystone.

_Pennsylvania_ Railroad (Accept: _PRR_, _Pennsy_)
Their early base was Thistle Mountain, while the first city that they conquered was Yong’an. They referred to Beijing as the “Demon’s Den” and much of their ideology was based on the works of Liang Afa. While Li Jingfang was the catalyst for the founder’s revelation, he drifted away from the movement early on. Later leaders included Feng Yunshan, Hong Rengan, Shi Dakai, Xiao Chaogui (pron. approx: Shao Chaogway) who spoke with the voice of Jesus and Yang Xiuqing (pron. approx: Syoaching) who spoke with the voice of God. Defeated primarily through local militias raised outside of the normal Qing military, FTP, name this movement led by Hong Xiuquan (pron. approx. Syoachwen), who thought he was the second son of God.

Answer: Taiping Movement (accept Taiping Tianguo, its full Chinese name, or Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace the translation)


In 1032, Robert, the younger brother of French King Henry I, took control of it. Henry, the younger brother of Eudes, who ruled it from 1079 to 1103, became the first Count of Portugal, but its more famous rulers came to it after the death of Philip of Rouvre, Robert’s last male-line descendant in 1361, and it passed to the fourth son of John II, Philip the Bold in 1364. Philip the Bold married the heiress of Flanders, and his descendants John the Fearless, Philip the Good and Charles the Bold built up a state comprising much of northeastern France and the low countries. FTP, name this French duchy noted today for its wines and its mustard.

Answer: Burgundy or Bourgogne

He was named after his father's response to his own first words. Anticyrian hellebore is required for him to forget what he has learned from the Sophisters and learn properly from Ponocrates. With the assistance of a gymnast and a monk, he triumphs in a war against the cake-bakers of Lerne led by Picrochole, after which he founds a place whose only rule is "Do what thou wilt," the Abbey of Theleme. At the age of four-hundred-fourscore-forty-and-four years, he begets a son who finds the Oracle of the Holy Bottle, but his wife Badebec dies in childbirth. FTP identify this son of Gargamelle and Grangousier, a fictional creation of Rabelais and father of Pantagruel.

ANSWER: Gargantua
He coined the neologisms “phraseoplerosis” and “archetypation” to describe some of his expository methods in the second volume of his treatise on education, Chrestomathia. He argued that governments should not control interest rates in The Defence of Usury, and died before finishing the pamphlet Auto-Icon; Or, Farther Uses of the Dead to the Living. Foucault’s work Discipline and Punish discusses this man’s design for a prison known as the Panopticon. FTP, name this Englishman whose An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation opens with a chapter “On the Principle of Utility.”

ANSWER: Jeremy Bentham


The phrases “soft sponge that wipes away bruises,” “water-pot,” and “excellent swabs” are used in one of the Bema psalms to refer respectively to the Pragmateia, the Treasure of Life, and the Book of Giants, three texts associated with this religion. Its founder began preaching following a second vision of an angel he termed the “Twin,” and its adherents were divided into the Hearers and the Elect. Its founder declared himself the successor of Hermes, Plato, Buddha, Jesus and Zoroaster during the reign of Shapur I. FTP name this dualistic Persian religion whose adherents included a young Augustine.

ANSWER: Manichaeism or Manichaeanishm


This man killed an assailant with an apple after failing to notice he was being attacked for 8 hours while practicing. Upon meeting his future wife, he swore to rest his weapon in the sweet country of her cleavage. He had an unpleasant encounter with a woman in a chariot drawn by a one-legged horse impaled on the chariot pole. That woman later harrassed him in the forms of an eel, a grey she-wolf, and a hornless red heifer, and after this man’s death she perched on his corpse’s shoulder as a crow. FTP name this hero who pissed off the Morrigan, married Emer, and fought against the army of Queen Medb during the Cattle Raid of Cooley.

ANSWER: Cuchulainn or Setanta


Sperling’s 1960 study of perceptual masking was inspired by this man’s monograph on the use of tachistoscopes to study the perception of extremely brief stimuli. One of his students hypothesized that some behavioral abnormalities result from flaws in the central control process, allowing simple perceptual tests for schizophrenia. This man introduced a dimension of concentrated vs. relaxed attention to form his three-factor theory of affect. He focused on selective attentional processes, or apperception, in his Völkerpsychologie. FTP, name this teacher of Titchener who established the first psychology lab.

ANSWER: Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt
Aromatic salts of these compounds are formed in the Herz reaction. They can also be prepared by acid hydrolysis of Bunte salts and from the reaction of alcohols with Lawesson's reagent, or as undesirable byproducts in the Kraft process. They have a greater acidity but a lower dipole moment than their analogs that contain a row 2 heteroatom. Their reactivity with radicals is exploited by antioxidants such as glutathione that contain this functional group. Members of this class of compounds can react with alcohols in an analog of the Williamson ether synthesis to produce thioethers. FTP identify this functional group that is found in the side chain of cysteine and is a sulfur-containing analog of alcohols.

ANSWER: thiols or mercaptans


In Iriquois myth, they are produced by a fawn, a moose and a bear associated with the giant Ga-oh. In Chinese myth, they are associated with the nemesis of the heavenly archer Shen Yi, the god Fei Lian. In Mayan myth, these phenomena were associated with a one-legged creator god, and in Hindu myth they were associated with the divine father of Bhima and Hanuman, the god Vayu. In Greco-Roman myth, one of them married the goddess Flora, another fathered Calais and Zetes, and they were all guarded by the father of Alcyone, who tied up all but one in a bag for Odysseus. FTP, name these natural phenomena deified in Greek myth as Eurus, Notus, Boreas and Zephyrus.

ANSWER: winds [in case people ask: the Mayan creator-god is Hurakan]


This composer of the ballets Skating Rink and Semiramis collaborated with Ibert on an opera about Napoleon's son and with the librettist Claudel on an oratorio in which pigs and sheep judge the title character, Joan of Arc at the Stake. He also composed the mime symphony Horace Victorieux as well as five numbered symphonies, including the fifth "of three D's," the "Liturgical" Third, and a fourth nicknamed "Basel Delights." He is perhaps better known for the oratorio King David and symphonic works, including one titled "Rugby" and a dissonant piece that increases in momentum before the titular entity is brought to a halt. FTP identify this Swiss member of Les Six who wrote Pacific 231.

ANSWER: Arthur-Oscar Honegger


This work inspired a poem in which “Eunuchs ran through Hell” to stare upon the “sinewy thigh” of “great Juan.” Among the women who are mentioned but do not appear in this work are the recently-deceased Kate Cassidy and a 45-year-old “walking terror,” the Widow Casey. The title character receives a pullet, some butter, a piece of cake, and duck’s eggs from Nelly, Susan Brady, Honor Blake and Sara Tansey. Sara and the Widow Quin try to help the title character escape after Christy Mahon attacks his father a second time in, FTP, what play by Synge?

ANSWER: The Playboy of the Western World


One of this kingdom’s rulers conquered the Jewish kingdom of Himyar, but his viceroy was soon deposed by the general Abraha. An inscription from this kingdom was preserved in Kosmas Indikopleustes’s copy of the Monumentum Adulitanum. Generals of this kingdom took the title nagast, while monarchs reigned under the title negusa nagast. A record of the 4th century CE Beja campaign inscribed in Greek, South Arabic and Ge’ez praises the deeds of Ezana, who was converted by Frumentius to Monophysite Christianity. FTP, name this Ethiopian kingdom whose namesake capital was later said to house the Ark of the Covenant.

ANSWER: Kingdom of Axum


This man’s namesake conductivity regime is intermediate between the Ohmic or resistive and the Pederson or ambipolar diffusion regimes. For a charged particle in a magnetic field colliding with other particles, his namesake parameter is the ratio of the cyclotron and collision frequencies. In a variant of his namesake effect, electrons combine with flux quanta of the applied field to form quasi-particles with one-third the electron charge. The sign of the charge carriers in a current can be determined using, FTP, what man’s namesake effect in which crossed current and magnetic field produce an electric field, a phenomenon with a fractional quantum variant?

ANSWER: Edwin Herbert Hall


Thurston proved that all knots must be satellite knots, torus knots, or knots of this type, and all knots of this type are prime knots. The Schwarz-Pick Lemma states that under this metric, any analytic function of the unit disk into itself is a contraction. Distinct families of characteristic curves along which discontinuities in second derivatives propagate are associated with this type of differential equation. Models for this kind of space inclue the Klein-Beltrami model, the Poincaré disk, and the Minkowski model. FTP, give the term that also denotes a type of non-Euclidean geometry studied by Lobachevsky with negative curvature.

ANSWER: hyperbolic


Following the death of Bicci di Lorenzo, this artist took over the commission for a series which included The Death of Adam and The Battle of Heraclius and Chosroes. His portraits include a diptych of Battista Sforza and her notched-nosed husband. That man appears again in this artist’s rendering of the Sacred Conversation, which features a shell in the apse from which hangs an ostrich egg. The title action of another painting takes place in the background before the seated Pontius Pilate while the right foreground is dominated by three unidentified figures. FTP, name this Early Renaissance painter of the fresco cycle The Legend of the True Cross and The Flagellation.

ANSWER: Piero della Francesca

Bonus
This phenomenon is responsible for the spin and magnetic moment of the electron. FTPE:

[10] Name this local circulatory oscillation at the speed of light about the mean position of the electron, named from the German for “jitter.”

ANSWER: zitterbewegung

[10] The amplitude of electron zitterbewegung is given by this wavelength, equal to Planck’s constant over the electron mass times the speed of light. It appears in a formula of the same name describing a scattering process that first provided evidence for the particle nature of light.

ANSWER: electron Compton wavelength

[10] Schrödinger first demonstrated the existence of zitterbewegung due to interference of positive and negative energy states in solutions to this relativistic wave equation for spin-1/2 particles. It also led to the prediction of antimatter.

ANSWER: Dirac equation
In this novel, Dmitri takes the blame for killing his father Fyodor, but the murder was actually carried out by Smerdyakov. FTPE:

[10] Name this Dostoyevsky novel whose title characters are Dmitri, Ivan, and Alyosha.

ANSWER: The Brothers Karamazov

[10] Dmitri is arrested in a hotel in the company of this woman of questionable morals. She plans to accompany Dmitri into exile at the end of the novel.

ANSWER: Grushenka or Grusha or Grushka or Agrafena Alexandrovna Svetlova

[10] This boy attacks Alyosha because his father, Captain Snegiryov, was beaten by Dmitri. He is reconciled with Kolya Krassotkin and the other boys before dying.

ANSWER: Ilyusha or Ilyushechka
Faceless French shooting squads show up in multiple works of art. FTSNOP:

[10] One such squad appears in “With reason, or without,” one of the entries in this series, whose other members include “One cannot look.”

ANSWER: The Disasters of War or Los Desastres de la Guerra

[5] This artist produced The Disasters of War, and painted another faceless French shooting squad in his work The Executions of the Third of May, 1808.

ANSWER: Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes

[10] This painting’s composition echoes that of The Executions of the Third of May, 1808, with a shooting squad on the right and the title character on the left flanked by Generals Miramón and Mejía.

ANSWER: The Execution of Emperor Maximilian of Mexico or The Execution of the Emperor Maximilian of Mexico

[5] This man painted The Execution of Emperor Maximilian. His painting The Balcony is also indebted to a Goya painting.

ANSWER: Edouard Manet
The title character of this film helps a group of clueless samurai rescue the Chamberlain from the corrupt superintendent. FTPE:

[10] Name this Akira Kurosawa film, the sequel to Yojimbo.

ANSWER: Tsubaki Sanjuro

[10] This actor played the title roles in Yojimbo and Sanjuro.

ANSWER: Toshiro Mifune

[10] Sanjuro claims his name is Tsubaki after these flowers. Near the end of the film, a bunch of these flowers dropped into a stream is used as the signal to raid the mansion in which the Chamberlain is being held.

ANSWER: camellias
Strömgren spheres and the Orion Nebula are examples of these structures. FTPE:

[10] Name these regions frequently associated with star formation, in which most of the hydrogen is in atomic form and is photoionized.

ANSWER: HII (H two) region or cloud

[10] This ultraviolet line is a prominent feature in the spectra of HII regions. It is produced by transitions from the n = 2 to n = 1 level in atomic hydrogen.

ANSWER: Lyman alpha

[10] HII regions are usually associated with formation of a star in one of the two hottest spectral classes in the main sequence. Name either of these two hottest spectral classes.

ANSWER: O or B
Answer the following about the first war in Norse myth, FTPE.

[10] The war was sparked by the Aesir’s mistreatment of this goddess. After growing weary of her constant talk of gold, they burned her in a fire three times, but she was reborn each time.

ANSWER: Gullveig or Heid

[10] Odin threw this spear over the host of the Vanir to signal the start of the war.

ANSWER: Gungnir

[10] After the war, this Vanir sea-god was sent as a hostage to the Aesir along with his children Frey and Freya.

ANSWER: Njordr
This Frenchman’s works include The Two Sources of Morality and Religion and Matter and Memory. FTPE:

[10] Name this author of Creative Evolution.

ANSWER: Henri-Louis Bergson

[10] In Creative Evolution, Bergson introduced this concept, a force which provides the creative impulse or living energy for shaping life.

ANSWER: élan vital

[10] This later French philosopher identified élan vital, duration and memory as fundamental principles of Bergson’s philosophy in his Bergsonism. Important concepts in his own philosophy include the plane of immanence and the body without organs.

ANSWER: Gilles Deleuze
These structures are traditionally built in three pieces, and are said to be modeled on the perch used by the roosters who helped lure the sun goddess out of hiding. FTPE:

[10] Name these structures which mark the approach to a jinja.

ANSWER: torii gates

[10] Each jinja, or shrine, is dedicated to the worship of one of these spirits.

ANSWER: kami

[10] The story of the first torii gate can be found in the Kojiki and this “Chronicle of Japan,” compiled in 720 CE under the supervision of Prince Toneri.

ANSWER: Nihon Shoki or Nihongi
This quantity gives the ratio between an initial change in spending and the induced change in GDP. FTPE:

[10] Name this quantity, which can be larger than 1 if the change in aggregate production induces additional spending.

ANSWER: Kahn-Keynes multiplier

[10] For simple systems, the multiplier is given by one over one minus this quantity. It is given by the derivative of individual spending with respect to income.

ANSWER: marginal propensity to consume or mpc

[10] Higher values of the multiplier result in flattening of one of the two namesake curves of this diagrammatic model developed by Hicks and Hansen, which plots aggregate income against the interest rate.

ANSWER: Hicks-Hansen IS-LM model or Investment-Savings/Liquidity preference-Money supply
He formed Band of Gypsys with Buddy Miles and Billy Cox shortly after appearing at Woodstock. FTPE:

[10] Name this American guitarist whose Woodstock set featured his rendition of “The Star-Spangled Banner.”

ANSWER: Jimi or James Marshall or Johnny Allen Hendrix

[10] The studio version of this frequently-covered Jimi Hendrix tune features glockenspiel and the lyrics, “Well she’s walking through the clouds / With a circus mind that’s running ‘round.”

ANSWER: “Little Wing”

[10] “Little Wing” appears on this second studio album of the Jimi Hendrix Experience. Other songs on this album include “If 6 Was 9” and “Spanish Castle Magic.”

ANSWER: Axis: Bold as Love
It tells the tale of a cockroach who falls in love with the injured title character and shuns his lover Sylvia. FTPE:

[10] Identify this play, the first written by its author. Reviews were so harsh that its author would consider the later Mariana Pineda his first play.

ANSWER: El Maleficio de la Mariposa or The Butterfly’s Evil Spell or The Curse of the Butterfly (accept reasonable translations)

[10] In this play, the only named character is Leonardo, who is killed by his lover's wealthy husband.

ANSWER: Bodas de Sangre or Blood Wedding

[10] Identify the author of The Butterfly’s Evil Spell and Blood Wedding, as well as The House of Bernarda Alba.

ANSWER: Federico Garcia Lorca
In this book, the narrator, a graduate of the University of Chicago, spends an evening with his idol, the writer E.I. Lonoff. FTPE:

[10] Name this book, the first of a trilogy centering on that then-23-year-old aspiring writer and that also includes The Anatomy Lesson.

ANSWER: The Ghost Writer

[10] Identify the narrator of The Ghost Writer, who also features prominently in The Anatomy Lesson, I Married a Communist, and The Human Stain.

ANSWER: Nathan Zuckerman

[10] Identify the creator of Nathan Zuckerman. He also wrote The Great American Novel and Portnoy’s Complaint.

ANSWER: Philip Milton Roth
Answer the following related to a Supreme Court case FTPE.

[10] The defendant in this case controlled 98% of the US sugar refining industry. In this 1895 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the Sherman Antitrust Act did not apply to manufacturing monopolies.


ANSWER: United States v. E.C. Knight Company

[10] The only dissenter on the E.C. Knight case was this justice who was also the only dissenter on Plessy v. Ferguson.


ANSWER: John Marshall Harlan

[10] The Sherman Antitrust Act was revised by this 1914 act that specified monopolistic practices and provided an exemption for labor unions.

ANSWER: Clayton Antitrust Act
His work on chickens and plants with Bateson provided support for the concepts of Mendelian inheritance. FTPE:

[10] Identify this geneticist with a namesake square.

ANSWER: Reginald Crundall Punnett

[10] Punnett and Bateson co-discovered this "coupling" phenomenon whereby genes on the same chromosome are apt to be inherited together.

ANSWER: genetic linkage (accept word forms)

[10] The likelihood that two genes are linked is measured by this statistic developed by Newton Morton. If this statistic has a value of three or more, the genes are considered to be linked.

ANSWER: lod score (or logarithm of odds score)
He published Schubert’s first published compositions, while his own works include a waltz that he peddled to other composers for their variation-composing enjoyment. FTPE:

[10] Identify this Austrian composer whose waltz formed the basis for a set of 33 piano variations by Beethoven.

ANSWER: Anton Diabelli

[10] One of Beethoven's thirty-three Diabelli Variations is based on “Notte e giorno faticar,” a tune sung by Leporello in this Mozart opera.

ANSWER: Don Giovanni

[10] “La ci darem la mano,” another aria from Don Giovanni, provided the inspiration for sets of variations by Beethoven and this composer of a bunch of nocturnes and mazurkas.

ANSWER: Frederic Francois Chopin
According to legend, this country's people were partying during God's land distribution lottery and were given the land that God was saving for Himself. FTPE:

[10] Identify this country with capital at Tbilisi.

ANSWER: Republic of Georgia or Sakartvelo Respublikis

[10] In 2003, this Georgian leader was overthrown in the peaceful "Rose Revolution" by Mikhail Saakashvili and Zurab Zhvania. He was elected president in 1995 and served as minister of foreign affairs under Gorbachev's regime.

ANSWER: Eduard Amvrosiyevich Shevardnadze

[10] This epic poem written by Rustaveli is considered the national epic of Georgia. The title character, Tariel, is heir to India but flees India after being driven mad by his love for his adoptive sister Nestan.

ANSWER: The Knight in the Panther's Skin or The Man in the Panther's Skin or Vepkhis Tqaosani
Identify the following about crystals FTPE.

[10] This quantity calculated from a Born-Haber cycle is defined as the energy required to form gaseous ionic species from an ionic solid.

ANSWER: lattice enthalpy or lattice energy

[10] This constant with a value of 1.75 for sodium chloride is a lattice sum that provides a fudge factor for the lattice energy of a given crystal type as a function of interionic distance.

ANSWER: Madelung constant
[10] This expression relates the lattice enthalpy of an ionic solid to that of a hypothetical energetically equivalent rock-salt structure, and is used to estimate the thermochemical radii of ions in a solid of unknown crystalline form.

ANSWER: Kapustinskii equation


HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in its biosynthesis, a fact that is exploited by statin drugs. FTPE:

[10] Identify this molecule that is stored in LDL particles in its ester form.

ANSWER: cholesterol

[10] Bloch and Lynen elucidated the reactions involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol from this two-carbon molecule. It is industrially produced by the Monsanto process.

ANSWER: acetate (accept "acetic acid")

[10] This reaction consisting of a Michael addition followed by an intramolecular aldol condensation can be used to form part of the carbon backbone of cholesterol.

ANSWER: Robinson annulation

Identify the following German generals of World War II FTPE.

[10] Known as the Desert Fox, he also commanded the German defense of Normandy before being forced to commit suicide in the aftermath of an assassination attempt on Hitler.

ANSWER: Erwin _Rommel_

[10] He developed the German invasion plan of France, decisively counterattacked the Soviets at Kharkov in the aftermath of Stalingrad, and later served as the honorary chief of staff for West Germany.

ANSWER: Erich von _Manstein_

[10] Writer of Achtung – Panzer!, this military theorist personally led the German breakthrough at Sedan in 1940, but was sacked for withdrawing in violation of Hitler’s standfast order in late 1941.

ANSWER: Heinz _Guderian_


Identify the following about bit players in the European colonization of the New World, FTPE.

[10] This country founded a failed colony at Darien in modern-day Panama in 1698.

ANSWER: _Scotland_

[10] This country founded a settlement around the Delaware River in 1638, which was annexed to the Dutch New Netherlands in 1655.

ANSWER: _Sweden_

[10] This religious order, then based in Malta, had technical sovereignty over the Caribbean Islands of Tortuga, Saint Barthelemy and Saint Croix during the 1650’s and 1660’s.

ANSWER: _Knights Hospitaller_ or _Knights of Saint John_ of Jerusalem.
Identify the following African rivers, FTPE.

[10] This tributary of the Congo River forms much of the northwestern border of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic, is located along its banks.

ANSWER: _Ubangi_ or _Oubang_

[10] This river’s Black and White branches meet in Ghana, where the river flows to the Atlantic. It once gave its name to the country now known as Burkina Faso.

ANSWER: _Volta_

[10] This branch of the Nile begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia before meeting the main branch at Khartoum.

ANSWER: _Blue Nile_ or _Abay_ or _an-Nil al-Azraq_
Identify the following characters from the television series Firefly, FTPE.

[10] The captain of the Serenity.

ANSWER: _Mal_colm _Reynolds_ (accept either)

[10] The registered companion that rents one of Serenity’s shuttles.

ANSWER: _Inara_ Serra

[10] The cockney-accented criminal leader on Persephone that gives the crew of the Serenity jobs on two occasions.

ANSWER: _Badger_
Identify the following medieval Indian polities, FTPE.

[10] This sultanate, whose dynasties include the Khilji, Tughlaq and the Lodi was the major power in northern India from the 13th century until Babur’s victory at Panipat in 1526.

ANSWER: Sultanate of _Delhi_

[10] This south Indian dynasty one of whose capitals was Thanjavur came to power in the 9th century, and by the 11th century had conquered much of Malaya and Sumatra. Noted kings include Vijayalaya and Rajendra.

ANSWER: _Chola_

[10] In the 7th century, this city was the capital of Harsha’s empire, but in the 8th, it was the center of a three-way power struggle between the Pratiharas, the Rashtrakutas and the Palas.

ANSWER: _Kanauj_
FTPE, given the German city, name the state that it is the capital of.

[10] Potsdam

ANSWER: _Brandenburg_

[10] Hanover

ANSWER: _Lower Saxony_ or _Niedersachsen_

[10] Munich



ANSWER: _Bavaria_ or _Bayern_

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