Cape Lookout National Seashore Historic Resource Study By

Table of Contents

List of Figures

Fig. Introduction-1: Junk cars abandoned on Cape Lookout National Seashore lands

Fig. Introduction-2: Core Banks Gun Club

Fig. 1-1: Probable location of shore whaling camps

Fig. 1-2: Archeological work at shore whaling camps on Shackleford Banks

Fig. 1-3: Steamer Neuse taking on naval stores in Wilmington, 1870s

Fig. 2-1: Washington Roberts House, Portsmouth

Fig. 2-2: North Carolina’s colonial ports of entry

Fig. 2-3: Map of Ocracoke, 1795, by Jonathan Price

Fig. 2-4: North Carolina Import and Export Tonnage, 1768-1793

Fig. 2-5: John Gray Blount’s Lands North Carolina and Territory South of Ohio River 1783-1796

Fig. 2-6: Two early nineteenth century maps showing the geography of Ocracoke Inlet

Fig. 2-7: An 1897 map of Ocracoke Inlet done by the Army Corps of Engineers

Fig. 2-8: Liverpool-ware pitcher, featuring image of Shell Castle Island

Fig. 2-9: Map showing Caribbean destinations for Blount ships in the late eighteenth century

Fig. 2-10: Map of railroads and plank roads in North Carolina, 1860

Fig. 3-1: Historic Inlets of North Carolina coast

Fig. 3-2: Portsmouth Methodist Church

Fig. 3-3: Shackleford Banks after 1899 hurricane

Fig. 3-4: Selected Hurricane Tracks of the 1950s

Fig. 4-1: Location of nineteenth century windmills on North Carolina coast

Fig. 4-2: Windmill on Harkers Island ca 1904

Fig. 4-3: Thomas Chadwick whaling license, 1726

Fig. 4-4: Whale boat tools

Fig. 4-5: Whale on beach at Beaufort, before 1894

Fig. 4-6: Cutting Blubber on Shackleford Banks, 1894

Fig. 4-7: Trying Out Oil from Whale, 1894

Fig. 4-8: Shackleford Banks whaling communities, 1850-1890

Fig. 4-9: John White, “Indians Fishing” (1585-86)

Fig. 4-10: Menhaden Fishing Steamer, before 1917

Fig. 4-11: Industrial Menhaden Press, before 1917

Fig. 4-12: Menhaden Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-13: Striped or “jumping” mullet

Fig. 4-14: Camp of mullet fishermen on Shackleford Banks, before 1907

Fig. 4-15: Mullet Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-16: Shad

Fig. 4-17: Shad Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-18: Oyster Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-19: North Carolina Clam Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-20: Shrimp Production, 1887-1970

Fig. 4-21: Total pounds of fish harvested in North Carolina coastal waters, 1880-1970

Fig. 4-22: Core Sounder work boat

Fig. 4-23: De Bry Engraving of John White Drawing: The Manner of Makinge Their Boates (1585-86)

Fig. 4-24: John White, Indians Dancing Around a Circle of Posts (1585-86)

Fig. 4-25: Carteret County waterfowl hunters in sink box

Fig. 4-26: Gunners in blind, Carteret County

Fig. 4-27: “Stripping the Wreck” [before 1902]

Fig. 4-28: Attack upon Smugglers by United States Revenue Officers at Masonborough, North Carolina, 1867

Fig. 4-29: Blackbeard fights Royal Navy Lt Robert Maynard at Ocracoke Inlet, 22 November 1718

Fig. 5-1: Preserved and partly rebuilt slave cabins at Ventosa (Walter Clark home) in Halifax County, ca. 1943ovember 1718

Fig. 5-2: Great Dismal Swamp

Fig. 5-3: Negro Baptism at New Bern, ca. 1910

Fig. 5-4: Dismal Swamp Canal

Fig. 5-5: Map of Dismal Swamp Canal in 1839

Fig. 5-6: Clubfoot and Harlowe’s Creek Canal, 1839

Fig. 5-7: Wilmington turpentine distillery, ca. 1850s

Fig. 5-8: Carteret County turpentine distillery, 1876

Fig. 5-9: Freed Negroes Streaming Toward Union Lines, New Bern

Fig. 5-10: Distribution of Captured Rebels’ Clothing to Contrabands, New Bern, 1862

Fig. 5-11: Racist cartoon from Raleigh News and Observer, 30 August 1898

Fig. 5-12: North Carolina’s Womanhood Appeals to the Ballot for Protection, 13 October 1898

Fig. 5-13: A 'White Man's Party' Democrat Normal Institute in Duplin County

Fig. 5-14: Distribution of textile mills in North Carolina, 1896

Fig. 5-15: Distribution of tobacco factories in North Carolina, 1896

Fig. 5-16: Blue Eagle logo of the National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Fig. 5-17: Renovated Portsmouth school building (1927)

Fig. 5-18: Three-teacher Rosenwald School

Fig. 5-19: Logo for the Free the Wilmington Ten campaign

Fig. 5-20 Black and white mullet fishermen

Fig. 5-21: All-Black Pea Island Life-Saving Crew

Fig. 5-22: Henry Pigott at about the age of fourteen (ca. 1910)

Fig. 5-23: Henry Pigott and Walker Styron, 1955

Fig. 5-24: Gravestone of Leah Pigott (1867-1922)

Fig. 5-25: Henry Pigott house, Portsmouth

Fig. 6-1: Brick cistern, Marine Hospital, Portsmouth, 2008

Fig. 6-2: Shell Castle Lighthouse

Fig. 6-3: Orders of Fresnel lenses

Fig. 6-4: Treasury Department notification to Cape Lookout lighthouse keeper

Fig. 6-5: Life-Saving Station on the North Carolina Beach, ca. 1882

Fig. 6-6: Self-righting life-boat

Fig. 6-7: Kinnakeet Life-Saving Station

Fig. 6-8: Thomas Nast [presumably Harper’s Weekly] cartoon in wake of Huron disaster

Fig. 6-9: Outer Banks Life-Saving Stations Built 1878

Fig. 6-10: United States Life-Saving Station on the Eastern Coast.

Fig. 6-11: Outer Banks Life-Saving Stations Built 1880-1888

Fig. 6-12: Life-saving station on the North Carolina beach

Fig. 6-13: Distribution of life-saving stations on the North Carolina coast, 1905

Fig. 6-14: Lyle gun for propelling rescue lines

Fig. 6-15: Motor lifeboat, 1908

Fig. 6-16: Portsmouth Life-Saving Crew in the 1920s

Fig. 6-17: Drawing of Cape Lookout Life-Saving Station

Fig. 6-18: Cape Lookout Life-Saving Station, 1893

Fig. 6-19: Portsmouth Life-Saving Station, ca. 1903-1915

Fig. 6-20: Portsmouth Life-Saving Station in the 1920s

Fig. 6-21: Portsmouth Life-Saving Station after renovation, 2006

Fig. 6-22: Cape Lookout Coast Guard Station, 1917

Fig. 6-23: Drawing of Jesse Babb House

Fig. 6-24: Coast Guard Stations map

Fig. 6-25: North Carolina Highways, ca. 1924

Fig. 7-1: Revolutionary War Campaigns and Battles in North Carolina

Fig. 7-2: Colored troops freeing slaves in Camden County, early 1864

Fig. 7-3: Citizens of Wilmington Taking the Oath of Allegiance

Fig. 7-4: World War II Military Installations in North Carolina

Fig. 8-1: An Eminent Banker

Fig. 9-1: Mountain Sanatarium for Pulmonary Diseases

Fig. 9-2: Advertisement for Brunswick’s Atlantic Hotel, July 1877

Fig. 9-3: Train bringing beach goers from Wilmington to Wrightsville Beach, ca. 1912

Fig. 9-4: Ad for Ocean Retreat Hotel, 1841

Fig. 9-5: Nag’s Head Hotel

Fig. 9-6: The Beach at Nags Head, 1860

Fig. 9-7: Advertisement for Nags Head featuring steamers to Elizabeth City

Fig. 9-8: Principal railroad lines in North Carolina, 1890

Fig. 9-9: Map of Southern Railway system, 1895

Fig. 9-10: Cover of brochure published by Southern Railway to entice hunters to the South, 1895

Fig. 9-11: Advertisement for breech loading shotgun

Fig. 9-12: Carteret County waterfowl hunters in boat

Fig. 9-13: Pilentary Gun Club on Core Banks, December 1913

Fig. 9-14: Interpretive sign for Styron and Bragg House, Portsmouth

Fig. 9-15: Through Train to Wrightsville Beach, 1912

Fig. 9-16: Lumina, Best Dancing Pavilion on the South Atlantic Coast, ca. 1917

Fig. 9-17: Interior of Lumina dancing pavilion at night, ca. 1912

Fig. 9-18: Movies “Over the Waves” at Lumina

Fig. 9-19: Map of Wrightsville Beach showing former site of Lumina Pavilion and railroad/trolley lines that served it

Fig. 9-20: Gaskill-Guthrie House 1939

Fig. 9-21: Cape Lookout Development Company plat, 1915

Fig. 9-22: O’Boyle-Bryant house as it looked in 1939

Fig. 9-23: Cape Lookout Village as it looked in 1942

Fig. 9-24: North Carolina highways as of 1924

Fig. 9-25: Aycock Brown photograph of a bathing beauty and Cape Hatteras lighthouse

Fig. 9-26: National Park Service group embarking at Oregon Inlet for tour of the Outer Banks

Fig. 9-27: 1963 General Development Plan Map, Cape Lookout and Shackleford Banks

Fig. 9-28: Landing strip next to Portsmouth Life-Saving Station, March 2008

Fig. 9-29: Charles M. Reeves, Jr., Master Plan, Proposed Cape Lookout Development, 1964

Fig. 9-30: Antique Model A Ford modified for fishermen’s use, ca.1975

Fig. 9-31: Removing junk cars from Cape Lookout National Seashore

Fig. 10-1: Survey of Roanoke Inlet and Sound, 1829

Fig. 10-2: Historic Period Plan, Portsmouth Village, ca. 1760-1866

Fig. 10-3: Gravestone of Capt. Thomas W. Greene

Fig. 10-4: Portsmouth postmistress Annie Salter ca. 1935

Fig. 10-5: Children of Portsmouth School, 1916

Fig. 10-6: Sadie [?] and Nora Dixon, ca. 1917

Fig. 10-7: Rose Pickett gravestone