Edited by Charlotte Mitchell, Ellen Jordan and Helen Schinske

1 Elizabeth Barnett.

2 CMY glossed the letter thus in Musings: ‘There is one that reminds me of his having tried to find some book in which the Roman controversy was put in an easy and sound form. There was some joking between us on the controversy Miss Olivia Primrose had read, being that between Will Atkins and his wife in ‘Robinson Crusoe,’ and it ended in my borrowing for him a book containing the curious argument between King Charles I. and the Marquis of Worcester.’ The reference is to Oliver Goldsmith, The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), Chapter 7: ‘ “I have read a great deal of controversy. I

have read the disputes between Thwackum and Square; the controversy between Robinson Crusoe and Friday the savage, and I am now employed in reading the controversy in Religious Courtship.”’

3The operation on George Moberly the younger.

1 The mediaeval 'Ballad of Otterbourne' recounts an adventure of Henry Percy (1364-1403), Shakespeare's Hotspur, at the battle of Otterburn (1388) in Northumberland.

2CMY was working on The Daisy Chain, the first half of which was serialized in MP (July1853-December 1855), The History of the Life and Death of the Good Knight Sir Tom Thumb (1855) and Landmarks of History, which was appearing as a serial in MP.

1 Ann Maria Carter Smith (1835-1909), daughter of the Rev. Richard Carter Smith (1802-1864), curate of St. Paul’s, Charlton, and Mary Williamson. Ann Carter Smith lived at Stepney, but the family had previously lived in Norway; she contributed to MP (1856-90), and published fiction.

2 In envelope addressed to Miss A Carter Smith, Stepney Rectory, London very indistinctly postmarked on reverse.

1 The MS in progress of The Daisy Chain (1856).

2The Moberlys lived in College Street, Winchester. Miss Bracy is a character in The Daisy Chain, a tiresome young governess who is always imagining slights from her employers. Evidently CMY feared the Moberlys' governess Jane Cowing might take offence.

3 Butler’s novel Likes and Dislikes was serialized in MP (July 1855-November 1856).

4 Probably N. F. S. Grundtvig (1783-1872), Danish nationalist and philosopher.

5 William and Mary Howitt, The Literature and Romance of Northern Europe, constituting a complete History of the Literature of Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Iceland (1852).

6 The Rev. Henry Garrett Newland, Forest Life in Norway and Sweden: Being Extracts from the Journal of a Fisherman (1859).

1 In Coleridge, Life, 380 there is a quotation from a supposed death announcement in an Italian newspaper of 1882. ‘E morta la celebre scrittice Inglese, Era di Ratcliffe . . . sposo [sic] l’ambasuatore Inglese a Costantinopole. . .’ This was undoubtedly a garbled response to the death (25 November 1882) of Eliza, Viscountess Stratford de Redcliffe, the widow of the diplomat Sir Stratford Canning (1786-1880), British ambassador in Constantinople 1825-9 and 1841-58, who was created (1852) 1st Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe. He was quite closely related to the Butlers, being Emma (Barnett) Butler’s uncle and first cousin once removed to William and Anna Butler. It seems likely that the allusion in this letter is to an earlier example of a similar confusion between the Heir of Redclyffe and Lord Stratford de Redcliffe. Madame de Staël must have confused the Rev. Sydney Smith (1771-1845) and Admiral Sir Sidney Smith (1764-1840).

2 W.B.Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James II (1849-61). Volumes 3 and 4, covering the reign of William and Mary, had been published in December 1855.

3 Perhaps Elizabeth Barnett was attending the deathbed of her uncle Lt.-Col. Charles Barnett (1790-1856) of the Scots Guards. In the Post Office Directory of that year he is listed as living at 10 Wilton Crescent with Miss Barnett.

4 Endorsed 'Miss Yonge Otterbourne 11th Febry 1856'. Otherwise it would be tempting to class this with other photographs and MSS relating to New Zealand sent to CMY when she was working on the biography of Bishop Patteson in the early 1870s.

5 The name has been given to rocks and islands in many parts of the world, but this reference may be to the Hen and Chicken islands off the east coast of New Zealand on which the Southern Cross was to be wrecked in 1860.

1 ‘The Colysæum’ MP 11 (March 1856) 161-179.

2 Goethe, Iphigenie auf Tauris (1787) i, 2.

3Eugénie Marie de Montijo (1826-1920) married Napoleon III in 1853, the year after the Second Empire was declared. Their son, Eugène Louis John Joseph Bonaparte, was born on 16 March 1856. the day before this letter was written.

1 Dorothy: A Tale (1856) was the first novel of Margaret Agnes Colvile (1829-1905), first cousin of Jemima (Wedderburn) Blackburn. Their fathers, Andrew Colvile né Wedderburn (1779-1856) and James Wedderburn (1782-1822) were brothers. Colvile married (12 December 1856) the Rev. Charles Kegan Paul (1828-1902).

2 Lucy and Christian Wainwright, a story by Ann Carter Smith which appeared in MP 11 (February 1856) 111-37, and was subsequently published in Lucy and Christian Wainwright and Other Tales (1863). The manuscript referred to is presumably that of Thorns and Roses in a Homely Life, published in MP 12 (December 1856), 414-64.

1 Only the first half of The Daisy Chain (1856) was serialized in MP (July 1853-December 1855).

1It is not entirely clear where this letter belongs in the sequence. Evidently Likes and Dislikes was still coming out, and its last episode was published in the issue of November 1856. But there was also a discussion in the following year about the second part of the book, which CMY decided not to publish in MP.

2 Goethe’s play Götz von Berlichingen (1773) was an influence on Scott, who translated it.

3 Robert Southey, ‘The March to Moscow’.

4 This has proved hard to identify, but one possibility is Old Danish Ballads, Translated from Grimm’s collection by an Amateur (London: Hope 1856), a theory which receives some slight support from the reference to N.F.S. Grundtvig who was also interested in ballads, in an earlier letter.

5 The last episode of Fanny Caroline Lefroy’s novel Long, Long Ago appeared in MP 12 (August 1856) 106-141.

1 The heroine of Long, Long Ago is in love with a headstrong young man she has been forbidden to marry, who tries to persuade her to elope. She does not, and after many years is persuaded by her mother to marry an older and staider man with whom she is happy in a quiet way.

2 Rough Notes of a Ride in Roumelia ran as a series in MP (July 1855-December 1856).

3 With envelope (MS 9M55F55/3/3) addressed to Miss Sturges Bourne/ Testwood/Southampton, postmarked Winchester 5 November [year indistinct] and labelled ‘Dynevor Terrace’ and ‘1860’. However, the year date on the postmark looks more like 1856, which is more consistent with the letter, which seems to have been written before the publication of Dynevor Terrace.

1 Thorns and Roses in a Homely Life, by A.C. D. , had appeared in MP (December1856).

2 Emily Taylor (1795-1872).

3 Envelope addressed to Miss A Carter Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 5 December 1856 and indistinctly on reverse

4 Frances Hester Carter Smith (1827-1908) married (1856) the Rev. Edward Atkinson (1819-1915).

5 Emily Taylor was a member of the large and influential family of Norwich dissenters, and distantly related to Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Eastlake and Sarah Austin. Her brother Edgar Taylor (1793-1839), a solicitor, was publicly engaged in the campaign for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts. She converted from nonconformism under the influence of F. D. Maurice, and was the author of many novels, hymns and textbooks including The Boy and the Birds (1840).

6 The word 'mention' deleted.

1 In envelope addressed to Miss A Carter Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 9 December 1856 and 10 December 1856.

2‘A Household Record’ MP 13 (June 1857) 561-624.

1 Envelope addressed to Miss Anne C Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 23 Dec and on reverse 1856

2 Ann Carter Smith's recently-married sister Frances Atkinson, paid for contributions to MP, was evidently the author of the five articles on ‘Traditions of Norway’ MP (July1855-February 1857), signed 'S. R. L.' The Carter Smiths had lived in Norway.

1 The Lances of Lynwood was serialised in MP (January 1853-December 1854) and published by Parker and Son in 1855 with illustrations by Jemima Blackburn. CMY would later write to Macmillan (26 February 1864) that Blackburn was ‘never really at home without animals as her subject.’

2 CMY must have changed her mind about this, as the text reads ‘Gaston . . . stood caressing his Arab steed Brigliador.’

3 Untraced.

4The reference must be to Lady Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Stanhope (d.1901) who married first (1843) Lord Dalmeny (1809-1851) and secondly (1854) the 4th Duke of Cleveland. She was the mother of the 5th Earl of Rosebery (1847-1929), the Prime Minister, who was at this date a child and the holder of the courtesy title Lord Dalmeny.

5 Th heroine of The Two Guardians, London: Masters, 1852.

6 Abbeychurch, or, Self Control and Self Conceit (1844), CMY’s first novel. Lilias was the heroine of her second novel, Scenes and Characters or Eighteen Months at Beechcroft, (1847).

7 Massimo D'Azeglio, The Maid of Florence: or, Niccolò de Lapi, tr. W. Felgate (London, 1853). The novel was first published in Italian in 1841.

1 Envelope addressed to Miss A C Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 4 Feb and on reverse 5 February 1857

2Black-edged paper. With black-edged envelope (MS Hampshire Record Office 9M55F55/1/8), addressed to Miss Sturges Bourne/Testwood/Southampton postmarked MR21/1857/C., and labelled ‘C.M.Y. 1857/Reredos for Netley’. Some or all of the various drawings in MS 9M55F55/1 presumably accompanied this letter.

1 In 1790 William Chute (1757-1824) and Sir William Heathcote, 3rd Bt. (1746-1819) were elected for the first of many times M.P.s for Hampshire in the Conservative interest. Jane Austen refers to their slogan ‘Heathcote and Chute forever’ in a letter to Cassandra Austen (27 October 1800).

2 The Rev. Edward Coleridge (1800-1883), was a master at Eton, where he had taught his and CMY’s cousin the future Bishop of Melanesia, John Coleridge Patteson, who was at this time acting as missionary chaplain to the Rt. Rev. George Augustus Selwyn, Bishop of New Zealand, whose son John Richardson Selwyn (1844-1898), was a current pupil at Eton.

3 A fund for the purchase of bells for Auckland church was held at Goslings’ bank.

1 Caroline Elizabeth Heathcote (1833-1910), eldest daughter of Sir William by his first marriage, married (1858) T.R.F. Cooke-Trench.

1 His wife Selina (Shirley) Heathcote, Caroline's stepmother.

2 Harriet Dyke Acland Troyte (1841-1921) married (1863) George Griffith. The letter is among her papers, and is catalogued as addressed to her.

1 This letter is placed here since it appears to antedate JBY’s first visit to Norway, and he is known to have been there in June 1857. The earliest letter in which CMY wrote ‘Dear Miss Smith’ rather than ‘Dear Madam’ seems to be 0.163 (4 February 1857).

2 Elizabeth Roberts.

1 Jane Loudon, The Ladies’ Flower Garden of Ornamental Perennials (London: Orr 1859).

2 The librarian confirms that the word looks like Peothes, but no explanation can be offered.

3 The first part of Butler’s novel Likes and Dislikes had appeared in MP ( July 1855-November 1856). CMY is evidently refusing to publish the second part.

1 Lucy and Sophy are characters in CMY’s The Young Stepmother, which was serialized in MP (April 1856-December 1860) and published in an abbreviated version in 1861.

2 An Object in Life ran in MP (July 1857-December 1858) and was published as An Object in Life. By the Author of Sunlight in the Clouds (London 1860). Another work by the same author is attributed by the British Library Catalogue to a Mrs Benson.

1 A bill to allow marriage to a deceased wife’s sister was first presented to the House of Commons in 1850 and finally passed in 1907. The present petition probably related to the Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, which simplified the divorce process, to which Keble was strongly opposed.

2 With envelope addressed to Miss Anne Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 29 July and on reverse 30 July 1857.

3 ‘A Glimpse into a Royal Home Seventy Years Ago’ MP 14 (November 1857) 470-96.

1 The Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition, which had opened in May 1857.

2 CMY and Anne Yonge were both staying with Lord and Lady Seaton in Dublin, to attend the wedding of their cousin the Hon. Jane Colborne to Captain Alexander Montgomery Moore (1833-1919). Lord Seaton was commanding the army in Ireland.

3George Stirling-Horne-Drummond (1813-1876) of Blair Castle, was the widower of Mary Hay (d. 1855), sister of Cordelia (Hay) Yonge, wife of Anne’s brother John Bargus Yonge. John and Cordelia were not present. The Hays were relations, daughters of William Hay (1788-1876) and Mary Garstin (d. 1863), first cousin of Lord Seaton, Aunt Duke and Aunt Yonge.

4The Hon. and Rev. Graham Colborne.

5 Zachary Mudge.

1‘Uncle Edd’ was presumably Vice-Admiral Edmund Yonge (1795-1868), brother of Lady Seaton and John Yonge, who lived near Plymouth and was perhaps escorting Anne.

2 Cordelia Colborne, who was about to lose her sister Jane.

1 They were staying at the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham.

2Sidney Herbert (1810-1861), later 1st Lord Herbert of Lea, owned estates near Dublin and built several churches there.

1Constantia Eleanor Wood, daughter of Colonel (later Lieutenant-General) Robert Blucher Wood (1814-1871) and his wife Lady Constantia Lowther (d. 1864) whom he had married in 1850.

2Jane Colborne's bridesmaids were her elder sisters the Hon. Elizabeth Colborne (1818/9-1882) and the Hon. Cordelia Anne L'Estrange Colborne (1824/5-1862), CMY, Anne Yonge, Miss de Salis (perhaps Anne Sophia Elizabeth de Salis, 1832-1916), Lady Barbara (perhaps Lady Barbara Leeson, 1831/2-1919), the Miss Gascoignes (perhaps Evelyn Henrietta, d.1922, and Helen Gascoigne, 1836-1919), her niece Alethea Elizabeth Catherine Colborne (1852/3-1927) and Constantia Wood.

3Jane Colborne's eldest brother, James Colborne, later 2nd Baron Seaton, and John Henry Scott, 3rd Earl of Clonmell (1817-1866), had married sisters: the little girls were Lady Rachel Mary Scott (d. 1911) and Lady Annette Louisa Scott.

4George William Frederick Howard, 7th Earl of Carlisle, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland (1855-8 and 1859 -64).

1England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales, that is. Colonel Wood was a member of the old Welsh family of Wood of Gwernyfed. The Scotsman was George Drummond.

2Henrietta (Barfoot), Countess of Howth (d.1884); Lady Cheedlemont is transcribed thus by Coleridge, but perhaps Anne (Bermingham), Countess of Charlemont (d. 1876).

3 James Corry Connellan (1807-1885), Irish barrister; Field-Marshal Sir Richard James Dacres (1799-1886).

4John Reginald Upton Colborne (1854-1933 ), later 3rd Baron Seaton, and his younger brother Francis Lionel Lydstone Colborne (1855-1924).

5Lady Maria Henrietta Scott (d. 1912), elder sister of Rachel and Anne. James Colborne had married her aunt, the Hon. Charlotte de Burgh (d. 1863), in 1851.

1Major-General the 7th Earl of Cardigan (1797–1868), who commanded the Light Brigade at the battle of Balaclava.

2CMY's maid, Harriet Spratt (1821-1895).

3The Lord-Lieutenant, as the Queen's representative in Ireland, was treated like royalty. Elizabeth Gaskell, Life of Charlotte Brontë (March 1857) had quoted the letter (2 June 1851) in which Brontë describes Lord Carlisle coming up to her and saying ‘”Permit me, as a Yorkshireman, to introduce myself.”’

4The Hiram's Hospital plot in Trollope's The Warden and Barchester Towers was partly inspired by the scandal over the funding of St. Cross Hospital outside Winchester.

5Perhaps a mistranscription by Coleridge of 'Uncle Edmund': Lady Seaton's brother, Vice-Admiral Edmund Yonge.

1The Hay family of Dunse Castle were connections, see above (26 September 1857).

2The Hon. Susannah Nelson (d. 1900), youngest daughter of Thomas Bolton (1786-1835), who took the surname Nelson on succeeding (1835) as 2nd Earl Nelson; she married in 1865 the Rev. Alexander Blunt. Horatio Nelson (1758-1805), the naval hero, was created in 1801 Baron Nelson of the Nile, with special remainder to the heirs male of his brother and his two sisters. Upon his death the barony was consequently inherited by his brother, the Rev. William Nelson (1757-1835), created 1st Earl Nelson with the same remainder to the heirs male of his two sisters Susannah Bolton (d. 1813) and Catherine Matcham (d. 1842). The latter was the mother of Captain Montgomery Moore's mother Susanna Matcham (d. 1885). The uncle referred to here is probably George Matcham (1789-1877).

3Henry Taylor (1800-1886). CMY admired his historical verse drama Philip van Artevelde (1834), quoted in The Daisy Chain.

1 With envelope addressed to Miss Yonge/Rockdale/Yealmpton/S.Devon, postmarked Bow 27 April 1898 and Plymouth 28 April 1898, and labelled ‘Jane Moore’s wedding AY to JDY 1858’.

2 1 Peter 3:3.

1 The Rt. Rev. Richard Whately (1787–1863), archbishop of Dublin from 1831, had four daughters, of whom Jane (1822–1893) and Mary (1824–1889), were much involved with missionary work at home and abroad.

1 John Hungerford Pollen (1820–1902) converted to Roman Catholicism in 1852 and was appointed by Newman in 1854 professor of fine arts at the Catholic university, where he designed the university church, St. Stephen’s Green, consecrated in 1856. See Suzanne Fagence Cooper, ‘Pollen, John Hungerford (1820–1902)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. CMY presumably found melancholy the contemplation of the work of two apostates.

1 Thomas Moore’s poem on Glendalough opens ‘ By that Lake, whose gloomy shore/ Sky-lark never warbles o'er,/ Where the cliff hangs high and steep,/ Young Saint Kevin stole to sleep.’ CMY is evidently quoting from a parody.

2 Caroline Heathcote, daughter of Sir William by his first marriage, was first cousin (their mothers being sisters) to Maria (Trench) Wilson.

1 With envelope addressed to Miss A Smith/ Stepney Rectory/ London and postmarked Winchester 8 December and London 9 December 1857.

1John Keble, The Christian Year ‘Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity’, 29-32: ‘For dreary were this earth, if earth were all,/ Tho' brightened oft by dear Affection's kiss; -/ Who for the spangles wears the funeral pall?/ But catch a gleam beyond it, and 'tis bliss.’

2 ‘Christmas Books and Christmas Boxes’, Saturday Review 4 (19 December 1857) 557-9. Martin Tupper (1810-1889) was the author of Proverbial Philosophy (1838), a bestselling volume of verse.

3 Perhaps James Paget (1814–1899), cr. (1871) 1st Bt..

4 News of the Indian Mutiny reached England in early summer of 1857, and the drama unfolded throughout the year; the relief of Lucknow did not take place until November.

1 'The Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, Ely', one of the 'Cathedral Sketches' series, appeared in MP 14 (July 1857) 73-9.

2 Queen Victoria, the Prince Consort and the Prince of Wales visited Cherbourg between 4-6 August 1858.

3‘Miss M B Wither’ is written on the back, and a strip of white paper pasted over fold covers some words/letters on first page.

1 Charles Piazzi Smith,

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