Capability as a highly relevant contributing factor, as otherwise described in the NSF Model as Difficulty.
http://www.foodmanufacture.co.uk/Food-Safety/Think-like-criminals-to-beat-food-fraud-scientists-told
An article in food fraud magazine advises of differences between fraudster types and proposes a new fraud diamond model to reflect the Predator/criminal http://www.fraud-magazine.com/article.aspx?id=4294970127
The Predator/ Criminal Crime is far more deliberate and focused than accidental fraudsters for which the fraud triangle was designed to reflect; they are better organized, have better concealment schemes, and are better prepared to deal with auditors and other oversight mechanisms. All the predator seeks is opportunity; he requires no pressure and needs no rationalization.
Instead, arrogance and a criminal mindset replace the original fraud triangle's antecedents of pressure and rationalization. The differences between fraud perpetrators are summarised below:
A new fraud diamond is proposed to explain the motivators to include predators.
The Horse meat incident has rudely alerted the industry that food fraud is not merely a consequence of the individual opportunist, but is a soft target for organised crime.
http://www.foodmanufacture.co.uk/Ingredients/Criminals-drop-drugs-for-food-fraud
http://www.foodqualitynews.com/Legislation/Europol-targets-organised-crime-in-second-phase-of-food-fraud-crackdown
Food Fraud in the Global Supply chain
This article (Jim Moorhouse, Grocery manufacturers Association, 2010) describes the methodology for businesses to adopt to manage food fraud risks using a risk forecast model and essentially identified the need for development of “NSF Fraud Protection Model”.
http://www.foodlogistics.com/article/10255691/food-fraud-in-the-global-supply-chain
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