OEA/Ser.L/V/II.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11
INTRODUCTION 17
CITIZEN SECURITY 25
A.Violence and citizen insecurity 25
1.Rights Defenders and Justice Operators 29
a.Human Rights Defenders 30
b.Justice Operators 42
2.Indigenous Peoples and Afro-descendants 46
a.Violence 46
b.Impunity 55
3.Children and Adolescents 57
a.Violence 57
b.Impunity 63
4.Women 64
a.Violence 64
b.Impunity 69
5.Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transgender Persons (LGBT) 76
a.Violence 76
b.Impunity 79
6.Migrants, asylum seekers and refugees 81
7.Bajo Aguán 89
a.Violence 89
b.Impunity 95
8.Journalists and Media Workers 97
a.Violence 97
b.Impunity 112
STATE’S RESPONSE 125
A.State Strategies to Deal with the Violence 125
9.Creation of the Special Police Unit the ‘TIGRES’ and of the Law Enforcement Military Police 128
10.Role of the National Police 138
11.The "Guardians of the Nation" program 142
B.Violence and access to justice 144
C.Access to justice and judicial independence 150
12.Judicial Independence 152
a.Council of the Judiciary 153
b.Selection and Appointment Procedures 155
c.Process of Judicial Purging and the Application of Trust Tests 156
D.Public Prosecutor’s Office 162
NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS — STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES 169
A.Positive aspects 169
B.The role of the Ombudsman 178
C.Policies and programs for the protection of certain groups 180
13.Boys, girls and adolescents 180
14.Women 185
15.LGBT People 189
16.Indigenous People and Afro-descendants 191
17.Migrants 192
18.Bajo Aguán 197
D.Protection mechanisms 200
19.Law on the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, Journalists, Media Workers, and Justice Operators 202
20.Trainings 206
INEQUALITY, SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND DISCRIMINATION 211
A.Women 212
21.Women working in the maquilas 216
B.Indigenous peoples and Afro-descendant persons 220
22.The situation of the Miskito divers 225
STATE OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION 231
A.Pluralism and diversity in radio broadcasting 231
23.Regulation of the radio spectrum for broadcasting in the new digital dividend 232
24.Acknowledgment of the community sector 238
B.Legal action as it relates to the exercise of freedom of expression 244
C.The right to access public information 248
D.Freedom of Expression on the Internet and privacy of communication 257
SITUATION OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY 265
A.Situation of the National Prison System and the Human Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty 265
25.Sharp increase in the prison population and the State’s response to the problem 266
26.Uncontrolled self-governance, violence, lack of classification of persons deprived of liberty, and reports of torture, and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment and punishment 276
27.Increasing use of the armed forces in prisons 283
28.High rate of detained defendants 288
29.Situation of juveniles deprived of liberty 290
30.The Comayagua National Penitentiary 296
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 301
A.General Recommendations 301
31.Citizen Security 301
32.Administration of justice 302
B.Specific recommendations: 303
33.Women 303
34.Indigenous peoples and Afro-descendants 304
35.LGBT people 304
36.Children 305
37.Migrants, asylum seekers, refugees, and forced displacement 306
38.Bajo Aguán 307
39.People deprived of liberty 307
40.Freedom of expression 308