PILOs state what students will:
Think (Affective)
Know (Cognitive)
Do (Behavioral)
OR, State Expectations Of:
Knowledge, Skills, and Dispositions of Students
PILOs must (be):
Consistent with goals & objectives
Reasonable given the ability of students
Reflect key concepts
Clear with achievable results.
A distinction must be made b/n outcome and process. The test here is to state what students/graduates will be able to do upon graduation.
Conventionally, 4-6 PILOs are sufficient!
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Specific Means of Assessment (MOA) & Criteria for Success (CS) must be identified for each PILO. That is, how are we going to measure our learning outcome and how do we conclude that students have achieved a specified level of excellence?
Criterion vs. Normative-Based Assessment that is program completer performance compared to the criterion set, or performance compared to a national or other normative group (standardized testing)
Direct vs. Indirect Means of Assessment
Direct: Various indicators of student learning outcomes: exams, papers, oral presentations, portfolios, capstone experience, etc, as evaluated by rubrics, grading etc.
Indirect: Student perception and satisfaction: end of semester evaluations, surveys (alumni and employer surveys, NSSE surveys)
Others: Enrollment trends etc.
Criteria for Success set the benchmark for determining excellence
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Summarize the assessment data resulting from the actual implementation of the means of assessment outlined in Column 3.
Summary of Data should:
Be reduced to statistical summaries
Indicate the extent to which outcomes were accomplished
Result from the MOA earlier described
Be detailed to reflect assessment actually took place.
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Closing the Loop.
The most important section scrutinized by accrediting agencies.
Explain the gap b/n criteria set and actual results and indicate how results are used for continuous program improvement in:
Curriculum,
Academic process, Assessment plan etc.
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