June 2009 © 2008 The Authors 205 Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and British Academy of Management Curkovic et al. c perceptual factors Committed leadership employee empowerment cross-functional teams quality training measurement statistical process control benchmarking; continuous improvement supplier development closer customer relationship Perceptual quality performance measures Product reliability product durability conformance to specifications company reputation pre-sales customer service product support responsiveness to customer (objective) firm performance measures Pretax ROA; after-tax ROA; ROI; growth in ROI; market share market share growth TQM affects quality performance. Quality management may also have an impact on firm performance Agus and Sagir (2001) 1 construct TQM construct (top management commitment, customer focus, supplier relationships, training, employee focus latent endogenous construct FP (total assets, net profit, turnover per employee) TQM has an indirect impact on FP mediated by competitive advantage Escrig et al. (2001) 1 construct TQM construct (customer focus, continuous improvement, employee fulfilment, organization as a total system construct Financial results TQM impacts on firm FP Douglas and Judge (2001) 1 construct TQM practices (top management team involvement, quality philosophy, emphasis on TQM-oriented training, customer driven, continuous improvement, management by fact, total quality methods perceptual dimension Perceived FP TQM implementation level affects performance objective dimension Industry expert performance rating Rahman (2001) 9 factors Leadership information and analysis strategy and planning employee empowerment and involvement employee training and development customer management customer satisfaction design quality management process control (perceptual) construct Organizational performance No significant differences between the impacts of TQM on performance for firms with and without the ISO 9000 certification Singels et al. ISO 9000 certification/no ISO 9000 certification (perceptual) performance measures Improvement production process customer satisfaction investment in means personnel motivation (perceptual) FP measure Improvement company result ISO 9000 certified firms did not outperform those without such a certification Nicolau and Sellers (ISO 9000 certification objective measure The variation in share prices on any given day The stock market responds positively to the awarding of quality certificates Tsekouras et al. ISO 9000 certification/no ISO 9000 certification (objective) financial measures Growth of profitability growth of capital structure or leverage growth of ROE growth of net profits to total equity and the simple growth of total equity ISO 9000 adoption has no effects on firm performance Study QM variables QP variables FP variables Major findings
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