____ 12. Oil and natural gas are two types of fossil fuel that are used to heat homes. What did oil and natural gas form from?
A.
|
Sediment
|
B.
|
dead plants
|
C.
|
dead ocean fish
|
D.
|
tiny marine animals
|
____ 13.
Plants and animals become fossilized in several different ways. Which object fossilized most recently?
____ 14. Paolo wants to identify a mineral. He rubs a corner of the mineral across a white tile and records the color of the mark. What property is Paolo measuring?
A.
|
Color
|
B.
|
Luster
|
C.
|
Streak
|
D.
|
Cleavage
|
____ 15. Bethany and Ian observe two chunks of quartz. Bethany’s piece is colorless. Ian’s piece is light pink. What do the two pieces of quartz not have in common?
A.
|
Color
|
B.
|
Luster
|
C.
|
Streak
|
D.
|
Hardness
|
____ 16. Jorge observes a sample of the mineral galena. He describes the mineral as cubic, gray, metallic, and opaque. Which term describes galena’s luster?
A.
|
Cubic
|
B.
|
Gray
|
C.
|
Metallic
|
D.
|
Opaque
|
____ 17. A group of students was given four unknown mineral samples. The table below shows the observations they recorded.
Sample
|
Color
|
Streak
|
1
|
brown
|
red
|
2
|
red
|
red
|
3
|
brown
|
black
|
4
|
red
|
red
|
Which samples are most likely from the same mineral?
A.
|
1 and 2 only
|
B.
|
1 and 3 only
|
C.
|
1, 2, and 3
|
D.
|
1, 2, and 4
|
____ 18. A steel nail can scratch a certain mineral. A copper penny cannot scratch the same mineral. Which statement is true about the mineral?
A.
|
It is softer than both copper and steel.
|
B.
|
It is harder than both copper and steel.
|
C.
|
It is harder than steel, but softer than copper.
|
D.
|
It is harder than copper, but softer than steel.
|
____ 19. In science class, Chantal finds that a steel nail, which has a hardness of 6.5, cannot scratch the mineral emerald. Based on this observation, what can she conclude?
A.
|
Emerald has a hardness of 6.
|
B.
|
Emerald has a hardness of 7.
|
C.
|
Emerald has a hardness of less than 6.5.
|
D.
|
Emerald has a hardness of more than 6.5.
|
____ 20. Manuel labels a sample of quartz as “nonmetallic.” Which mineral property is Manuel describing?
A.
|
Cleavage
|
B.
|
Fracture
|
C.
|
Luster
|
D.
|
Streak
|
____ 21. Mae wants to sort some minerals based on their properties. Which property can she observe without using tools?
A.
|
Hardness
|
B.
|
Luster
|
C.
|
Mass
|
D.
|
Streak
|
____ 22. It is difficult to see the surface of Venus through a telescope. Which of these features of Venus best explains why its surface is difficult to observe from Earth?
A.
|
It is surrounded by thick clouds.
|
B.
|
It is covered completely by water.
|
C.
|
It is too far from Earth to be seen.
|
D.
|
It does not produce light of its own.
|
____ 23. While looking at the sky one night, Bevan saw a streak of light. Bevan’s father told him that the light was produced by a small chunk of rock passing through Earth’s atmosphere. Which of these terms best describes what Bevan saw?
A.
|
Asteroid
|
B.
|
Comet
|
C.
|
Meteor
|
D.
|
Meteorite
|
____ 24. A meteoroid is a chunk of rock traveling through the solar system. How is a meteorite related to a meteoroid?
A.
|
A meteorite is a meteoroid that enters Earth’s atmosphere.
|
B.
|
A meteorite is a meteoroid that has broken into smaller pieces.
|
C.
|
A meteorite is a meteoroid that is larger in size than an asteroid.
|
D.
|
A meteorite is a meteoroid that reaches the surface of Earth.
|
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