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Linux Distro’s FAQ’s Programming Linux Commands Linux Tricks Best Linux Tools Certifications Guides Monitoring Tools How to Configure Network Between Guest VM and Host in Oracle VirtualBox Aaron KiliFebruary 4, 2017 CategoriesVirtualization 65 Comments AD
In this article, we will describe the simplest and direct method of setting up a network for guest virtual machines and the host in Linux. For the purpose of this tutorial: Host Operating System – Linux Mint 18
The default network card (Adapter 1) is normally used to connect the guest machines to the Internet using NAT via the host machine. AD
Create a Network For Guests and Host Machine
Go to File –> Preferences or hit Ctrl + G: Virtualbox Preferences Window
Set Guest Network Set Guest Network Below is a screen shot showing a new host-only network has been created called vboxnet0. Virtualbox Preferences Window Virtualbox Preferences Window If you want, you can remove it by using the - button in the middle and to view the network details/settings, click on the edit button. You can as well change the values as per your preferences, such as the network address, network mask, etc. Note: The IPv4 address in the interface below is the IP address of your host machine. Host Network Details Host Network Details In the next interface, you can configure the DHCP server that is if you want the guest machines to use a dynamic IP address (make sure it is enabled before using it). But I recommend using a static IP address for the virtual machines. Now click OK on all network settings interfaces below to save the changes. Set Guest Static IP aAddress
Back at the virtual box manager interface, select your guest virtual machine such as Ubuntu 16.10 server or CentOS 7 and click on the Settings menu. Configure VM Settings
Check the option: “Enable Network Adapter” to turn it on. In the field Attached to: select Host-only Adapter Then select the Name of the network: vboxnet0 As in the screen shot below and click OK to save the settings: Enable Network Adapter for Guest VM Enable Network Adapter for Guest VM Configure Adapter to Connect Virtual Machine to Internet Then add a second network card (Adapter 2) to connect virtual machine to the Internet via the host. Use the settings below: Check the option: “Enable Network Adapter” to activate it. In the field Attached to: select NAT Enable Network Adapter for VM Enable Network Adapter for VM Setup Static IP Address for Guest Virtual Machine At this stage, power on the guest virtual machine, login and configure static IP address. Run the command below to show all the interfaces on the guest machine and allocated IP addresses: $ ip add
Configure Static IP Address for VM From the screen shot above, you can see that there are three interfaces enabled on the virtual machine: lo – loopback interface enp0s3 (Adapter 1) – for host-only communication which is using the DHCP as set in one of the previous steps and later configured with a static IP address. enp0s8 (Adapter 2) – for connection to the Internet. It will use DHCP by default. On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint Important: Here, I used Ubuntu 16.10 Server: IP address: 192.168.56.5. Open the file /etc/network/interfaces using your favorite editor with super user privileges: $ sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
auto enp0s3 iface enp0s3 inet static address 192.168.56.5 network 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.56.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 192.168.56.1 Save the file and exit. Then restart network services like so: $ sudo systemctl restart networking
$ ip add
Important: For this section, I used CentOS 7: IP address: 192.168.56.10. Begin by opening the file for enp0s3 – host-only network interface; /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 using your favorite editor with super user privileges: $ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.56.10 NETWORK=192.168.56.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.56.1 DNS=8.8.8.8 192.168.56.1 NM_CONTROLLED=no #use this file not network manager to manage interface Save the file and exit. Then restart network service as follows (you can as well reboot): $ sudo systemctl restart network.service Check if the interface is using the new IP addresses as follows: $ ip add
On the host machine, use SSH to manage your virtual machines. In the following example, am accessing the CentOS 7 (192.168.56.10)server using SSH: $ ssh tecmint@192.168.56.10 $ who Connect Guest VM using SSH Connect Guest VM using SSH That’s it! In this post, we described a straightforward method of setting up a network between a guest virtual machines and the host. Do share your thoughts about this tutorial using the feedback section below. TagsOracle Virtualbox Post navigation bmon – A Powerful Network Bandwidth Monitoring and Debugging Tool for Linux How to Check Remote Ports are Reachable Using ‘nc’ Command If you liked this article, then do subscribe to email alerts for Linux tutorials. If you have any questions or doubts? do ask for help in the comments section. AD
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