Social Studies 9 Ch.#4 Collective Rights: Official Language Groups

1. What are the two official language groups of Canada?

2. __11__ provinces and territories have a majority of English-speaking people.

___1_ provinces and territories have a majority of French-speaking people.

___1__ provinces and territories have a majority of Inuktitut-speaking people.

3. “Students Speak” – pages 143 - 144

	Rachel St. Laurent	Devin Mens
School, Community, & Province	Ecole Heritage Falher AB	Quebec High School Quebec City, Quebec
Why do they say it’s important to attend the school they have chosen?	Shows her community she is trying to be involved in French	English is his Mother tongue
In what ways do they hope for their minority language to be helpful in the future?	Pass it on to her kids Shows that everyone is different but nobody is better because of language	English has the most career possibilities (for him- sciences)
What advantages do they see in being bilingual?	In her community many people speak only French. To own her own business, bilingualism is an asset	Outside of school and home, most people speak French in his community. He needs it to stay involved (ie baseball)
What challenges do they face?	Losing her French. It takes effort to keep a language that few around her speak	He is not concerned because English is dominant in Canada, even if not in his city

4. In your opinion what challenges and opportunities does this language diversity create for Canada?

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5. What are the Charter rights of official language groups?
• Sections 16& 20 = English and French are official languages (conduct federal government affairs in either language

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  Same sections specify New Brunswick as bilingual (note: other than Quebec, no other province has declared itself officially bilingual – English is the default language of most use)
  

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  Section 23 – says a French speaking or English speaking minority population with a sufficient size, has the right to publically funded schools in their language.
  

Time line of Francophone’s collective rights

1774- Quebec Act passed by Britain recognizing Francophone language and identity

1867- BNA Act establishes Canada as a bilingual and bicultural country

1969- Official Languages Act reasserts equality of Francophones and Anglophones

1982- CCRF confirms official bilingualism and establishes official minority language education rights

6. How has the Charter affected Francophone education?

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  French and English were a part of Confederation – they made Canada what it is today
  

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  BNA Act (when Confederation was established) made Canada officially bilingual (1867)
  

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  The Charter made French and English the official languages of Canada’s parliament
  

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  There are guaranteed public school for Protestant minority in Quebec (Anglophones) and for Catholic minorities (francophones) in the rest of Canada. Note: these were the English/French divisions in Canada at the time of Confederation
  

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8. In what ways did each event affect or alter the ideas about bilingualism & biculturalism in Canada?

9. In what ways does the “Cause & Effects” chart on page 148 convey the impact of Section 23 on the B.N.A. Act of 1867?

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  People had the right to lobby for minority language education
  
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  AB opened 2 publically funded schools in Edm & Calgary
  
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  AB now has 26 publically funded Francophone schools
  

b.) On Francophone School Boards?

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  Parents fought for the right to have Francophone school boards
  
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  Supreme court affirmed them
  
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  Across Canada there are over 25 Francophone school boards (incl 5 in AB)
  

• French speaking people are a distinct people and French is the language that expresses their identity

11. Summarize the chart on page 150

12. Why might English-speaking Canadians in other provinces disagree with Bill 101?

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