The historical books 1st & 2nd samuel lesson five
CHAPTER FIVE SECOND SAMUEL 2 Sam 5:17-25
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CHAPTER FIVESECOND SAMUEL 2 Sam 5:17-2517 The Philistines Defeated (1 Chronicles 14:8-17)Now when the Philistines heard that they had anointed David king over Israel, all the Philistines went up to search for David. And David heard of it and went down to the stronghold. 18 The Philistines also went and deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim. 19 So David inquired of the LORD, saying, "Shall I go up against the Philistines? Will You deliver them into my hand? "And the LORD said to David, "Go up, for I will doubtless deliver the Philistines into your hand." 20 So David went to Baal Perazim, and David defeated them there; and he said, "The LORD has broken through my enemies before me, like a breakthrough of water." Therefore he called the name of that place Baal Perazim.21 And they left their images there, and David and his men carried them away. 22 Then the Philistines went up once again and deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim. 23 Therefore David inquired of the LORD, and He said, "You shall not go up; circle around behind them, and come upon them in front of the mulberry trees. 24 And it shall be, when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry trees, and then you shall advance quickly. For then the LORD will go out before you to strike the camp of the Philistines." 25 And David did so, as the LORD commanded him; and he drove back the Philistines from Geba as far as Gezer. NKJV2 Samuel 5:17 5:17 stronghold. The stronghold referred to here is not the same as that referred to in 1 Sam 22:4 and 24:22, but is likely the Jebusite citadel in Jerusalem. The platform for this citadel and a few remnants of the wall have been found by archaeologists at the northern end of the Jebusite city in the area south of the modern walls of the Old City. (IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament) 5:18 Valley of Rephaim. As the Sorek Valley moves eastward out of the Shephelah near Beth Shemesh, it breaks into several passes into the hills around Jerusalem. The Sorek Valley at one point turns northeast toward Gibeon, while the Valley of Rephaim turns east-southeast toward the area between Bethlehem and Jerusalem. It joins the north-south road from Jerusalem to Bethlehem and then heads northeast into Jerusalem. This would be a strategic location for the Philistines to cut David off from potential reinforcements from Judah. (IVP Commentary) 5:19 oracular inquiry. From chapter 23 through the end of 1 Samuel, David is making oracular inquiries of the Lord by means of the ephod under the guidance of Abiathar the priest. It is likely that is also what is happening here. In an oracular inquiry a yes-no question was posed to the deity, and a binary mechanism was used to determine what the answer was. The normative means lay out for this process in Exodus was the Urim and Thummim (which were kept in a pouch in the ephod). (IVP Commentary) 5:20 Baal Perazim. The "baal" element in this name (as a title for deity) is thought to identify the site as a sacred site and may have derived its name from Perez the son of Judah and progenitor of the line of David. Some identify the site as the ridge between Giloh and Beit Jala about two miles northwest of Bethlehem. (IVP Commentary) 5:21 abandoned idols. Nearly every army in the ancient Near East included priests and diviners (as seen in the Mari texts), prophets (2 Kings 3) and portable sacred objects (Assyrian Annals of Shalmaneser III [858 B.C. - 824 B.C.]). In this way, the god(s) could be consulted on the battlefield or invoked to lead the soldiers to victory. CHAPTER FIVE SECOND SAMUEL 5:21 In the divine warrior motif, the deity is fighting the battles and defeating the deities of the enemy. In most situations prayers would be made and omens asked to assure the god's presence. The idols would only be abandoned under the most critical circumstances. There are several cases in the ancient world of statues of a god being carried off as trophies of war. For examples see comment on 1 Samuel 5:2. (IVP) 5:24 marching in the balsam trees. If balsam trees were mentioned here, they would be identified as bush like shrubs called mastic terebinths, common in the hill country. While there are many reasons to be suspicious of that translation, no other suggestion has been persuasive either. There is agreement, however, that some sort of tree is referred to. It has been suggested that David is using a tree oracle in which observations of the trees are taken as divine guidance, but it is difficult to confirm this as a regular oracular procedure. (IVP Commentary) 5:24 divine vanguard. In the divine warrior motif the deity goes out as the vanguard to vanquish the enemy. This is common throughout the ancient Near East. In Hittite accounts, Hattusilis III claims that Ishtar went out before him. In Egypt, Amun-Re is said to have gone out before the armies of Thutmose III. The deity terrifies and confuses the enemy, and at times sends thunder (see comment on 1 Sam 7:10) or earthquakes (see comment on 1 Sam 14:15). (IVP Bible Background Commentary) 5:25 Gibeon to Gezer.
(From IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament, Copyright © 2000 by John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews and Mark W. Chavalas. Published by InterVarsity Press. All rights reserved.) [General Information - 5:17-25]: Liberation. David, succeeding where Saul failed, liberates Israel from Philistine domination. [Jewish Study Bible] CHAPTER FIVE SECOND SAMUEL Download 268.5 Kb. Share with your friends:
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