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Date: Aim: Apparatus and material: Procedure: (Diagram should be here if there is one) Observations/Result: Calculations (Treatment of results): Discussion: Source of error: Precautions: Limitations(sometimes) Conclusion: LAB #1 Title: mixtures and there separation Date: Aim: to separate salt from a mixture of salt and sand using filtration evaporation and crystallization Apparatus and material: Procedure: (Diagram should be there if here is one) Observations/Result: Calculations (Treatment of results): Discussion: filtration, evaporation and crystallization was used to separate the salt from the sand. Filtration is the process used to separate liquids from solids. Evaporation is the transition of a liquid to a gas. Crystallization is a technique used for the purification of substances. A separation technique to separate solids from a solution. Filtration was used because only the liquid solution was needed. The remnants remaining in the conical flask is called the residue. The mixture was heated till some of the water was partially and not fully evaporated because some water needed to be removed for crystallization to take place in the cooling phase Source of error: null Precautions: null Limitations(sometimes) Conclusion: in concluding it was determined that yes filtration, evaporation and crystallization can be used to separate salt and sand SBA # 2
Date: April 22, 2022 Aim: to separate the components of the spot from a red ink pen using paper chromatography Apparatus and material: Procedure: Observations/Result: (Diagram should be there if here is one) Calculations (Treatment of results): Discussion: Chromatography technique that uses paper sheets or strips as the adsorbent being the stationary phase through which a solution is made to pass is called paper chromatography. This is based on how soluble they are in the solvent used and also how strongly they are attracted to the paper. The solvent front is the end of the movement of the liquid and the point of origin is the starting point made by the pencil. The point of origin was made with pencil and not pen because it would cause points other than the point that would have to be made with the red ink pen to move up the paper. Ethanol was used instead of water because water would absorb some of the solvent while the ethanol doesn’t. and the colors identified was … .The more soluble one would travel a longer distance than the less soluble one because it would follow the solvent front and also the more attractive one would have a smaller distance to the paper more because its attracted than the less attracted one because it would stick to the paper more. Source of error: Precautions: Limitations(sometimes) Conclusion: it was concluded that yes paper chromatography can be used to separate the inks from a red ink pen SBA # 3
Date: Aim: to investigate how the solubility of potassium nitrate crystal varies with temperature Apparatus and material: Procedure: (Diagram should be here if there is one) Observations/Result: Calculations (Treatment of results): Discussion: Source of error: Precautions: Limitations(sometimes) Conclusion: Lab # 4 Title: acid bases and salts Date: Aim: to identify solutions labelled A to E as acids or natural substances using a range of indicators Apparatus and material: Procedure: (Diagram should be here if there is one) Observations/Result:
Calculations (Treatment of results): Discussion: An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. A base is a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid. A pH indicator or acid-base indicator is a compound that changes color in solution over a narrow range of pH values Download 19.56 Kb. Share with your friends:
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