Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2009 glossary of terms



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Trends in Telecommunication Reform 2009


GLOSSARY OF TERMS




The following definitions are included to assist the readers of this report. They are adapted from non-definitive reference sources and are not intended to replace or contradict the terms and meanings used by each ITU Member State in its national laws and regulations or in international agreements.


2G:



Second-generation mobile network or service. A general term for second-generation networks, for example GSM.

3G:



Third-generation mobile network or service. Generic term for the next generation of broadband digital mobile cellular systems, which has expanded broadband capabilities for mobile data applications. See
IMT-2000.

3GPP:



Third-Generation Partnership Project: A cooperation between regional standards bodies to ensure global interworking for 3G systems.

4G:



Fourth-generation mobile network or service. Mobile broadband standard offering both mobility and very high bandwidth.

Accounting
separation:



Regulatory remedy requiring an operator to separate a company’s accounts so that the costs and revenues associated with each subsidiary or business unit can be individually identified and allocated.

Active infrastructure sharing:


Provision of specified services and active network elements needed to ensure interoperability of end-to-end services to users, including facilities for intelligent network services or roaming on mobile networks (Directive 2002/19/EC, TRAI.

Active optical
network:



A network in which the passive splitting point is replaced with an optical line distribution unit, which is a powered unit making it possible to have a higher bit rate on individual routes over longer distances than on a passive optical network.

ADR:


Alternate dispute resolution.

ADSL:



Asymmetric digital subscriber line. A technology that enables high-speed data services to be delivered over twisted pair copper cable, typically with a download speed in excess of 256 kbit/s, but with a lower upload speed. Corresponds to ITU-T Recommendation (standard) G.992.1.

ADSL2:



Asymmetric digital subscriber line 2 (ITU-T G.992.3 and ITU-T G.992.4). A sequel to the original ITU Recommendation. It allows increased line speeds, new power-saving elements, and extends the reach of the original ADSL specification.

ADSL2+:



Asymmetric digital subscriber line 2 plus (ITU-T G.992.5). This revised version of ADSL2 enables increased speeds by increasing the frequencies used on the copper line.

Adware:



Advertising-supported software. A software package that automatically plays, displays or downloads advertising material to a computer after the software is installed or while an associated application is being used.

AMPS:


Advanced mobile phone system.

Analogue:



Transmission of voice and images using electrical signals. Analogue mobile cellular systems include AMPS, NMT and TACS.

Analogue network:



A telecommunication network in which information is conveyed as a continuously varying electronic signal (see also Digital network).

API:


Application program interface.

ARPU:



Average revenue per user. Usually expressed per month, but also per year.

ASN:


Autonomous system number.

Asymmetric
regulation:


The application of different regulatory requirements on different regulated entities, based on their levels of market power or their possession of significant market power.

ATM:



Asynchronous transfer mode. A transmission mode in which the information is organized into cells; it is asynchronous in the sense that the recurrence of cells from an individual user is not necessarily periodic.

ATSC:


Advanced Television Systems Committee.

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