United States History Assessments Ninth Grade

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  gains from trade
  
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  organizational “revolution” (e.g., development of corporations and labor organizations)
  
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  advantages of physical geography
  
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  increase in labor through immigration and migration
  
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  economic polices of government and industrial leaders (including Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller)
  
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  technological advances
  

1. Which of the following technological advances did not help the United States become a major industrial power?

B. The airplane

C. The steam powered engine

D. The Bessemer Process

B. Immigrants from Japan provided factory bosses with cheap abundant labor.

C. Immigrants from Eastern Europe moved into urban areas and took part in political legislation.

D. Immigrants helped create surplus goods for the war effort.

B. foreign investments were prohibited by Congress.

C. foreign nations did not accept investments from United States businesses.

D. investment opportunities were better in the United States.

4. Speaker A: “When demand ran high, and markets were scarce, he showed little mercy, broke his contracts for delivery and raised prices.”

B. A and D

C. B and C

D. C and D

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  development of organized labor, including the Knights of Labor, American Federation of Labor, and the United Mine Workers
  
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  southern and western farmers’ reactions, including the growth of populism and the populist movement (e.g., Farmers Alliance, Grange, Platform of the Populist Party, Bryan’s “Cross of Gold” speech)
  

1. During the late 1800s, a major reason labor unions had difficulty achieving their goals was that

B. industrialization created better working conditions.

C. there was a shortage of new workers.

D. businesses promoted labor officials to management positions.

B. international competition began to threaten jobs in the United States.

C. the major business groups encouraged unionization.

D. the economy began to shift from manufacturing to service employment.

B. Skilled workers only

C. Women and children

D. Many farmers and factory workers

B. The United States has steadily moved from a two-party system to a multiparty system.

C. Religious ideals have most often motivated people to splinter away from major parties.

D. An increasing number of citizens have grown weary of party politics and fail to vote in elections.

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  the location and expansion of major urban centers
  
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  the growth of cities linked by industry and trade
  
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  the development of cities divided by race, ethnicity, and class
  
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  resulting tensions among and within groups
  
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  different perspectives about immigrant experiences in the urban setting
  

1. At the turn of the century, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in cities?

B. Government relief programs required immigrants to settle in cities.

C. Labor union leaders encouraged unrestricted immigration.

D. Immigrants were not permitted to buy farmland.

B. From northern to southern, western, and eastern Europeans

C. From eastern to southern

D. From eastern to western

3. “America’s strength lies in its diversity. Many immigrant groups have joined the mainstream of American life, while maintaining their languages, religions, and traditions. This has made the United States a strong nation.”The author of this statement could best be described as a supporter of

B. ethnocentrism.

C. cultural pluralism.

D. limited social mobility.

When the farmer comes to town

With his wagon broken down,

Oh, the farmer is the man

Who feeds them all… .

The farmer is the man,

The farmer is the man,

Lives on credit till the fall;

Then they take him by the hand

And they lead him from the land,

And the middleman’s the man

Who gets it all… - American folk song

B. Free Soil

C. Populist

D. Progressive

2. What is the overall trend in the population of the United States from 1790-1940?

B. It increased at a rapid rate.

C. It stayed the same.

D. It decreased at a slow rate.

3. In which year did urban population exceed rural population?

A. 1860

C. 1920

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  the impact of resource availability
  
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  entrepreneurial decision making by Henry Ford and others
  
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  domestic and international migrations
  
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  the development of an industrial work force
  
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  the impact on Michigan
  
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  the impact on American society
  

B. establish more colonies in Latin America.

C. support England’s attempt to keep its empire in Central America.

D. warn Europe against any further colonization in Latin America.

B. A and C

C. C and D

D. B and D

A. caused the United States trade deficit to increase.

B. cost the United States many billions of dollars.

C. was a significant benefit to the American economy.

D. created an unfavorable balance of trade.