Use of english



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USE OF ENGLISH

Which letter is not correct?

A B C D

1. The secret to calming yourself down in moments of panic or crisis is simple: just breath slowly



in and out a few times.

A B C D


2. As we don't have much money at the moment, we've decided to get without certain luxuries.

A B C D


3.If he been more careful, he would have spotted the mistake.

A B C D


4. You must really make an effort; stop making excuses and try saving some money each

month from wages this year.

A B C D

5. I've just been on the bathroom scales and I know I've got to eat less because I am weighing



far too much.

A B C D


6. I'm sorry but however persuasive you are, you just can't convict me that you are telling the

truth.


A B C D

7. Today you can't go somewhere in the high street or on public transport without seeing



someone talking into a mobile phone.

A B C


8. Now remember when you're travelling on the underground train, don't stand too closely to the

doors.


A B C D

9. Come on in and please make yourself comfortable and please don't stand there, take a place.

A B C D

10. It was cheaper to take out a prescription for the magazines than to buy them separately



each month.

A B C D


11. The teeth were in such a bad condition that three of them had to be detracted.

A B C D


12. I'm afraid the number you want is occupied at the moment so I suggest you

ring back later.

A B C D


13.I've thought over what you said and after a great deal of thought I am seeing what you mean.

A B С D


14. We walked for miles and miles that day in fact we even managed to get till the river before it

got dark.

A B С


15. It's a story told in six hundred pages and it took me the best part of six weeks to read the

total book.

A B С D


16. Do you have hunger or have you eaten? As for me, I'm absolutely starving as I haven't

eaten all day.

A B C D

17. Do you know what the cat bought in for me today? Yes, that's right: another dead mouse.



A B C D

18. That's a play I'd very much like to see. I've just been reading some rave reports of it in

today's newspaper.

A В С D


19 A good boss is someone who shows appreciation at Christmastime for all the work their

employed have done throughout the year.

А В С D


20.It's very difficult sometimes to get to the true of the situation аnd find out exactly what

happened.

USE OF ENGLISH



1C, 2C, 3A, 4C, 5C, 6C, 7A, 8D, 9D, 10B, 11D, 12B, 13D, 14C, 15D, 16A, 17B, 18C, 19C, 20A

Choose the best answers.

1 If you don’t take exercise you ____________ the risk of getting ill.
a) stand c) run
b) face d) suffer

2. He was ____________ with embezzlement and sentenced to three years in prison.
a) accused c) charged
b) convicted d) arrested

3. If you are _____________ with this test, perhaps you should attempt an easier one.
a) stumbling c) struggling
b) stressed d) straining

4.Insulation was fitted to ______________ further heat loss from the building.
a) guard c) save
b) protect d) prevent

5.Richard has forgotten to buy tickets for the performance and ____________ we’ll have to spend this evening in front of the TV set.
a) whereas c) whereupon
b) thereafter d) therefore

6.We are all _____________ the opinion that hydrocarbons in the atmosphere contribute to global warming.
a) in c) of
b) at d) with

7.The bill comes to £66. Shall we go __________?
a) Dutch c) British
b) French d) American

8.I can’t ____________ thinking that we made a mistake in our calculations – the total is too high.
a) help c) stand
b) bear d) be

9.I dread ___________ what would have happened if there’d been an accident.
a) thinking c) to thinking
b) to think d) the thought

10. Can you wait thirty seconds while I _____________ in to the Post Office for some stamps?
a) saunter c) breeze
b) break d) pop

11.Thank you very much. I haven’t been to _____________ party for ages.
a) the so enjoyable c) so enjoyable a
b) so enjoyable d) a so enjoyable

12.I wish I ____________ work in a small town and not in London when I immigrated to the UK for the first time.
a) had found c) found
b) would find d) have found

13._______________ will have a difficult time.
a) Whoever gets the job c) Who will get the job
b) Who gets the job d) Who get the job

14.Familiarity with computers is ___________ common among younger members of our society than older generations.
a) much c) quite
b) far more d) further much

15.Playing the trumpet with dazzling originality, _____________ dominated jazz for 20 years.
a) the music of Louis Armstrong c) Louis Armstrong’s talent
b) the influence of Louis Armstrong d) Louis Armstrong

16.I had to clean the flat in the morning because my friends _____________ to dinner that night.
a) were coming c) would be coming
b) have come d) would come

17.Few, if ____________ of the current team can stand comparison with the 1995 eleven.
a) none c) many
b) any d) some

18.I’m freezing cold! I ____________ put my winter coat on as my mum had told me.
a) had to c) must have
b) should have d) might have

19. ______________ had we sold out our stock when the markets crashed.
a) If only c) Seldom
b) No sooner d) Hardly

20.The chess players tried very hard to _____________ each other with every move in the tournament.
a) outnumber c) outweigh
b) outclass d) outwit




KEY

  1. C 11.C

  2. C 12. A

  3. C 13. A

  4. D 14. B

  5. D 15. D

  6. C 16. A

  7. A 17. B

  8. A 18. B

  9. B 19. D

  10. D 20. D


READING COMPREHENSION

Read the text and choose the correct answers.

  1. The woman at the car rental was displeased because the customer
    a) was angling for a deal.
    b) had booked a small car.
    c) had problems parking.
    d) did not accept her suggestions.

  2. If you prefer small cars, people’s reactions are often
    a) patronizing.
    b) irritated.
    c) sympathetic.
    d) fanatical.

  3. The difference between American cities now and in the early 20th century is that
    a) there used to be more computers.
    b) cities were centres of urban life.
    c) public transport used to be better developed.
    d) cities had the largest mass transit system.

  4. In the USA, according to statistics,
    a) there are 251m car owners.
    b) there are fewer automobiles than people willing to drive.
    c) the absolute majority of daily trips are made by cars.
    d) there are 241m people who have passed their driving test.

  5. The change in the public transport system described in the article
    a) was due to trams becoming inefficient.
    b) involved an increase in the number of trams.
    c) was brought about by tram constructors.
    d) was brought about intentionally.




  1. Many bus lines, which had replaced the trams, failed because
    a) their routes were inconvenient.
    b) people preferred driving their own cars.
    c) neither government nor business invested in them.
    d) their service satisfied the consumers.

  2. Robert Moses, an influential urban planner,
    a) intended to link Manhattan with SoHo and Greenwich Village.
    b) would have destroyed valuable houses for the sake of a road.
    c) suggested building expressways in rural areas.
    d) encouraged the use of multi-storey car parks.

  3. People living in the exurbs
    a) are forced to buy cars.
    b) reside not far from downtown.
    c) use public transport to get around.
    d) suffer from traffic congestion most.

  4. The writer sees some hope in
    a) the new suburbs.
    b) current developments in public transport.
    c) several factors that may discourage the use of cars.
    d) a decrease in the price of petrol.

  5. The opinion of the writer can be generally described as
    a) the mainstream viewpoint.
    b) unanimously supported by all Americans.
    c) causing indignation and anger of car owners.
    d) hardly shared by anyone in society.

CITIES ARE FOR TRAFFIC!’ A LOOK AT US CAR CULTURE

The woman at the car rental desk couldn’t understand that I wanted to hire a small car. ‘Are you sure you don’t want an upgrade, honey?’ she said. ‘The car you’ve booked is really small.’ She offered a bigger vehicle at the same price, perhaps thinking I was angling for a deal. I told her I didn’t like big cars; that they were hard to park. In the end she let me have my way, but I think she was genuinely offended.

All over the USA people struggle to grasp the simple fact that you may prefer a little car to a tank-like SUV*. When you tell them it’s true, they usually speak to you in a tone of voice that suggests you must be an escaped village idiot, or very poor. It’s the example of American’s fanatical relationship with their cars: an obsession which did not come about by chance, but by deliberate design. Or to put it another way: it did not have to be like this.

In the 1920s and 30s many American cities had fully functioning electric tram systems that shuttled millions of commuters from their homes to their jobs without the need for a private car. American cities were more compact, more pedestrian friendly with vibrant downtowns that were the centre of urban life. Los Angeles had the largest mass transit system in the nation, including 1,000 trains a day running on 760 miles of track.

But take a drive through most US cities today and you see a different world. Downtowns lie abandoned to office blocks, multi-lane motorways have destroyed old urban neighbourhoods and the suburbs have invaded rural farmland. The figures tell the story: Americans make over one billion trips a day and just 1.9 per cent of them are by mass transit. There are 241m people old enough for a driving licence but 251m passenger vehicles. The average US family makes 10 car trips every day.

This did not happen by accident. Big business and government planned it. Between 1936 and 1950 a company backed by General Motors, Firestone Tyres and Standard Oil bought 100 tram firms in forty-five American cities. They closed them down and replaced the trams with buses, which were more inefficient, and more likely to cause traffic congestion. Many of the bus lines starved of investment, then failed, leaving consumers with no choice but to buy cars. And this, of course, led to bigger profits for the companies responsible for the process.

Urban planners also encouraged car use. Their vision was a sprawling suburbia linked by huge expressways. One of the most influential, Robert Moses, declared ‘Cities are for traffic’ and tried to build a freeway through Manhattan that would have ruined SoHo and Greenwich Village. Some of the most culturally and financially valuable real estate in the world could have been destroyed just so car owners could get across Manhattan more quickly. Manhattan escaped Moses’ plan, but many other vibrant neighbourhoods across America weren’t so lucky.

The focus on the car was a tragedy of human planning. And it hasn’t stopped. The exurbs – the new suburbs beyond suburbs – are so far from city centres that public transport is useless and cars a necessity. However, times are changing: the impending threat of climate change, the economic crisis and the possibility that prices at the petrol pump could go shooting up again at any moment are all conspiring to make car travel less attractive. I must admit that whenever I see petrol prices rise, I cheer. Quietly of course. They already think I’m crazy here just for liking small cars.

*Sport Utility Vehicle

KEY


  1. B

  2. A

  3. C

  4. C

  5. D

  6. C

  7. B

  8. A

  9. C

  10. D


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