Wfb 232 Ichthyology Taxonomy, Week 7 14 March 2005



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WFB 232 Ichthyology

Taxonomy, Week 7 14 March 2005



Superclass Gnathostomata

Class Actinopterygii

Subclass Neopterygii

Division Teleostei

Subdivision Euteleostei

Superorder Stenopterygii

Order Stomiiformes (lightfishes, hatchetfishes, dragonfishes)



Similar to Salmoniformes, but jaws are more dexterous

Adipose fin is present in most; soft-rayed, physostomic, gas bladder in most

Scales cycloid (when present), photophores present in most

Distribution: Deep-sea, worldwide

Body shapes: highly variable; anguilliform , compressiform, fusiform

Superorder Cyclosquamata

Order Aulopiformes (threadsails, tripodfishes, lizardfishes, telescopefishes)

Marine; soft-rayed; physoclistic or no gas bladder; most have adipose fin, photophores

Distribution: shallow warm water to very deep water

Mostly distinguished from Stomiiformes & Myctophiformes by fusions of branchial bones & musculature features

Some are predators, others are grazers

Superorder Scopelomorpha

Order Myctophiformes (Lanternfishes & blackchins)

Marine; shallow (surface) to deep water (2000m); worldwide; small - < 30 cm

Most have large eyes, photophores



Some genera (Diaphus, Lampanyctus, Myctophum, Tarleonbeania) make daily vertical migrations in water column – surface at night, deep water during daylight hours
Most are planktivorous; provide large quantities of food for other fishes

Superorder Lampridomorpha

Order Lampridiformes (oarfishes, ribbonfishes, opah or moonfish)



Marine; shallow to deep water, scales are cycloid (if present); physoclistus

Most are soft rayed, but some have modified spines in dorsal and anal fins

Many have bizarre coloration and fin shapes – sea serpents?

Oarfish – up to 8 m long, long pelvic fins, long dorsal fins

Tube-eyes – telescoping eyes, suction feed on plankton, live in deep water
Superorder Polymixomorpha

Polymixiiformes (barbudos, beardfishes)



Live in mid-depths of western Pacific & Atlantic oceans

“Composite” of many orders

Have long barbels off chin




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