Ю. М. СЕРГЕЕВА, И. О. СЫРЕСИНА. СИНТАКСИС АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА: ОТ СЛОВА К ТЕКСТУ
YULIA SERGEEVA, IRINA SYRESINA. A STUDENTS’ GUIDE TO ENGLISH SYNTAX: FROM WORD TO DISCOURSE
Chapter II. The structure of a simple sentence
WORD ORDER AND INVERSION
The typical word order in a neutral declarative sentence is DIRECT: the subject precedes the predicate.
In certain contextual conditions the word order changes: the whole predicate or a part of it precedes the subject. It is INDIRECT or INVERTED word order.
Inversion can be classified on different grounds.
First of all we distinguish full inversion (when the whole predicate precedes the subject) and partial inversion (when a part of the predicate precedes the subject and the other part follows it).
Secondly, we distinguish grammatical inversion, which is obligatory for the English language, and emphatic inversion, which is used by the speaker to emphasize the utterance and, therefore, is optional.
As a result of these two classifications there exist FOUR TYPES
of inversion.
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