CHALLENGES
“
AT
THE BORDER”
163
FIGURE 3.11
Sources of IPA Financing by Region, 20040 20 40 60 80 developed countries developing countries except
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa government contributions private sector contributions (other than fees for services)
fees charged for services bilateral donors
multilateral donors otherpercentSource: Javorcik FIGURE 3.12
IPA Budget by Country Grouping, 20040 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 Latin America and the
Caribbean
Europe and
Central Asia
Sub-Saharan
Africa
Middle
East andNorth Africa
$ thousandsmedian mean
Source: Javorcik 2006.
03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 163
164
AFRICA
’
S SILK ROAD
:
CHINA
AND INDIA’
S NEW ECONOMIC FRONTIER
direct channel of dialogue for action between investors and political leaders and to blend the perspective of foreign investors with the knowledge of local business leaders to create conditions for accelerated growth and investment. The councils aim to identify big-ticket items for policy reforms, and prioritize and take action on issues to remove obstacles to investment. They also act as watchdogs for government action
on private sector development,
while enabling governments to learn from global corporate experience.
Some of the main achievements of these councils have been the creation of productive and constructive relationships between the private sector and government to accelerate the implementation of difficult reforms.
Some prominent examples include reducing customs clearing time from two to three weeks to three to five days in Ghana and enacting legislation
BOX 3.5
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