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b. African non-LDCs tariff rates
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Morley, David - The Cambridge introduction to creative writing (2011) - libgen.li
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- Average Tariff Rates of African Countries on Chinese and Indian Imports
| b. African non-LDCs tariff rates on top 10 imports from China c. African LDCs tariff rates on top 10 imports from India d. African non-LDCs tariff rates on top 10 imports from India 0 10 20 30 40 0 4 8 12 16 20 0 4 8 12 16 20 0 4 8 12 16 0 10 20 30 40 0 4 8 12 16 20 percent percent tariff rate share of total imports Sources: UNCTAD TRAINS and UN COMTRADE. 03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 148 CHALLENGES “ AT THE BORDER ” 149 FIGURE 3.10 Average Tariff Rates of African Countries on Chinese and Indian Imports Sudan Mali Chad Niger Angola Ethiopia Congo, Dem. Rep. Nigeria South Africa Namibia Tanzania Zambia Mauritania Kenya Botswana Guinea Mozambique Madagascar Cameroon Zimbabwe Gabon Ghana Uganda Congo, Rep. Senegal Côte d’Ivoire Central African Republic Burkina Faso Benin Eritrea Malawi Liberia Togo Sierra Leone Lesotho Burundi Rwanda Guinea-Bissau Swaziland Equatorial Guinea Mauritius Cape Verde Seychelles Average tariff rates low (medium low (medium high (high (21%–30%) Sudan Mali Chad Niger Angola Ethiopia Congo, Dem. Rep. Nigeria South Africa Namibia Tanzania Zambia Mauritania Kenya Botswana Guinea Mozambique Madagascar Cameroon Zimbabwe Gabon Ghana Uganda Congo, Rep. Senegal Côte d’Ivoire Central African Republic Burkina Faso Benin Eritrea Malawi Liberia Togo Sierra Leone Lesotho Burundi Rwanda Guinea-Bissau Swaziland Equatorial Guinea Mauritius Cape Verde Seychelles a. Chinese imports b. Indian imports Source: UNCTAD TRAINS. 03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 149 150 AFRICA ’ S SILK ROAD : CHINA AND INDIA ’ S NEW ECONOMIC FRONTIER procedures, causing unintended inefficiency in administration and adding extra barriers for the private sector. Duty suspension can be more effective for helping domestic producers to access imported inputs for the production of exports. However, again, without proper administrative capacity, there is the leakage of goods (without being used for exports) into the economy. Besides efficiency in incentive scheme management, another important question is whether incentive schemes effectively promote participation of exporters in the most appropriate sectors—that is, sectors in which countries have comparative advantages in exporting. Analysis of the WBAATI survey data suggests that export incentive schemes do not generate high participation among the sectors where the African countries in question have comparative advantages, such as textiles, agricultural products, and food industries. Instead, the participation of export incentive schemes is high among the firms producing machinery and nondurable sectors, where those countries lack comparative advantages. Almost all governments recognize the difficulties that exporters face in entering foreign markets. Different countries choose different combinations of means to encourage exporters to overcome such difficulties. Some used to directly subsidize export activities (direct income tax incentives, but this is no longer allowed under the World Trade Organization (WTO. The effectiveness of domestic export incentive schemes has been rather mixed, however. In many cases, the proper domestic investment climate needs to be in place for the effective management of the schemes (chapter TABLE 3.8 Download 5.17 Mb. Share with your friends:
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